Management of Aquatic Resources PDF

MANAGEMENT OF AQUATIC RESOURCES L AD AL EMMA L. BALLAD, PhD Y _ ELB N L...

MANAGEMENT OF AQUATIC RESOURCES L AD AL EMMA L. BALLAD, PhD Y _ ELB N L Agricultural Center Chief II L O I A DA-Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Regional Office No. 2 E R AT Tuguegarao City, Cagayan W M V I E R RE FO AQUATIC ECOLOGY AND RESOURCES CAPTURE FISHERIES  OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION Overview of Coastal management Fisheries Management Areas Ecosystems Approach to Fisheries Management Conservation Measures  OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION Overview of Coastal management Fisheries Management Areas Ecosystems Approach to Fisheries Management Conservation Measures  1. The following are true about coastal zone, except: A. The marine waters out to 15 km are under local government jurisdiction B. It is legally defined to extend 1 km inland from the shoreline at high tide and to seaward areas covered within the 200-m isobath C. The national jurisdiction extends from 15 km from the shore up to 200 nautical miles. D. A & C E. None of these  1. The following are true about coastal zone, except: A. The marine waters out to 15 km are under local government jurisdiction B. It is legally defined to extend 1 km inland from the shoreline at high tide and to seaward areas covered within the 200-m isobath C. The national jurisdiction extends from 15 km from the shore up to 200 nautical miles. D. A & C E. None of these  THE COASTAL ZONE AND MUNICIPAL WATERS Timberland (mangrove forest) Municipal waters (15 km) Salvage/buffer: zone 3 m for urban 20 m for agricultural Open 40 m for forest areas Waters Alienable & disposable Shoreline High tide Low tide Foreshore (1 km landward Coastal zone (seaward extent to the 200 m isobath) from the shoreline) The coastal zone is legally defined to extend 1 km inland from the shoreline at high tide and to seaward areas covered within the 200-m isobath. Of the areas seaward of the low water mark, the marine waters out to 15 km are under local government jurisdiction, while the national jurisdiction extends from 15 km from the shore up to 200 nautical miles.  The Philippines is located at the apex of the Coral Triangle, the global center of marine biodiversity The Philippines is ‘center of the center’ of aquatic biodiversity (Carpenter and Springer, 2005) 2. Which country has the longest coastline in the world? a. Norway b. Indonesia c. Canada d. Russia e. Japan 2. Which country has the longest coastline in the world? a. Norway b. Indonesia c. Canada d. Russia e. Japan  Canada's coastline is the world's longest, measuring 243,042 km (Includes the mainland coast and the coasts of offshore islands).  PHILIPPINE MARINE RESOURCES 2 million km2 EZZ 37,008 km coastline 26,000 km2 coral reefs (Burke et al., 2002) 978 km2 seagrass beds (Fortes and Santos, 2004) 291,268 ha mangroves (Primavera, Rollon, and Samson, 2011) The Philippines faces the Luzon Strait (Bashi Channel) to the north, the Celebes Sea to the south, the West Philippines Sea (or South China Sea)1 to the west, and the broad expanse of the Pacific Ocean to the east  the Philippines also has one of the deepest ocean trenches – the Philippine Trench, also known as the Philippine Deep, Mindanao Trench, or Mindanao Deep. Its deepest point, called Galathea Depth, is measured to be 10,540 meters or 34,580 feet below sea level. It is third in rank worldwide next to the Challenger Deep of the Mariana Trench, and the Horizon Deep of the Tonga Trench – the first and second deepest points in the planet, respectively. https://www.facebook.com/AUMEGAOfficial/photos/a.363866417100889/2169127079908138/?type=3  FEW FACTS ON THE COASTAL AREAS OF THE PHILIPPINES v832 municipalities out of 1,541, or 54 % are coastal; v Almost all major cities are coastal; v 62% of the population lives in the coastal zone; v More than 50% of the animal protein intake in the Philippines is derived from marine fisheries.  COASTAL AREAS IN THE PHILIPPINES ARE EXPERIENCING: vRapid population growth v Widespread poverty in coastal areas v Declining fisheries productivity due to overharvesting and loss of habitats vIncreasing population and poverty have put additional pressure on resources  COASTAL AREAS IN THE PHILIPPINES ARE EXPERIENCING: v Low average production per unit area of fishponds and relatively low economic returns retarding needed investment to improve aquaculture production v Increasing pollution from land-based activities, industrial and urban development, deforestation and agriculture, all of which contribute to declining productivity in the marine environment as water quality is lowered v Potentially great impacts from global climate change on coral reef ecosystems and the fisheries they support WHAT DO YOU THINK ARE SOME ISSUES IN THE COASTAL AREAS?  ISSUES ADDRESSED BY COASTAL MANAGEMENT Ø Coastal management is first and foremost about addressing varied and often interconnected issues that directly or indirectly impact coastal areas. Ø Coastal management programs must identify, prioritize, and address a wide range of issues from deforestation to dynamite fishing  1. RESOURCE USE CONFLICT v Resource use conflicts arise when the benefits derived by one group of people using one resource impact the benefits derived by another group using the same or another resource. v Similarly, overuse of one resource may affect the relative health or abundance of another resource within an environmental system. Examples of resource conflicts that can be addressed by coastal management include: v Siltation from deforestation by resource users in upland areas negatively impacts coral reef habitats and fisheries in coastal areas; v Intrusion of commercial fishing in municipal waters results in overexploitation of limited fisheries resources where relatively few individuals benefit; v A lack of specific regulations (local and national) for fishing activities within known productive fishing grounds where small- scale fishers are directly dependent for livelihood. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227642551_Fish_fights_over_fish_rights_Philippine_case_study_on_conflict_over_use_of_municipal_water_synthesis_of_three_case_studi es_in_the_Visayan_Sea/figures?lo=1  3. WITH AN AREA OF about 30,000 ha, it is considered as the largest FISHING GROUND IN the country a. VISAYAN SEA b. WEST SULU SEA c. MORO GULF d. LAMON BAY e. SIBUYAN SEA 4. The premier fish center of the Philippines and one of the largest in Asia, is the first major fishing port and fish market complex placed under the jurisdiction, control and supervision of the Philippine Fisheries Development Authority (PFDA). a.Navotas Fish Port Complex b.General Santos Fish Port Complex c.Davao Fish Port Complex d.Zamboanga Fish Port Complex e.Iloilo Fish Port Complex 4. The premier fish center of the Philippines and one of the largest in Asia, is the first major fishing port and fish market complex placed under the jurisdiction, control and supervision of the Philippine Fisheries Development Authority (PFDA). a.Navotas Fish Port Complex b.General Santos Fish Port Complex c.Davao Fish Port Complex d.Zamboanga Fish Port Complex e.Iloilo Fish Port Complex  Navotas Fish Port Complex The Navotas Fish Port Complex (NFPC), the premier fish center of the Philippines and one of the largest in Asia, is the first major fishing port and fish market complex placed under the jurisdiction, control and supervision of the Philippine Fisheries Development Authority (PFDA). It is a traditional landing place of commercial fishing boats operating in various fishing grounds in the Philippines. General Santos Fish Port Complex The operationalization of General Santos Fish Port Complex (GSFPC) is considered of great importance in East Asia Growth Area (EAGA) as it is noted to be the major fishing post harvest infrastructure in the Mindanao area. Davao Fish Port Complex The Davao Fish Port Complex (DFPC) is the seventh commercial fish port operated and administered by the Philippine Fisheries Development Authority (PFDA). It is the second major fish port complex established and located in the Mindanao Area (the third being the General Santos Fish Port Complex that started operations in CY 1998).  Zamboanga Fish Port Complex The establishment of Zamboanga Fish Port Complex (ZFPC) in Western Mindanao provided the fishing industry in the region with a systematized fish marketing and distribution system. It also supplemented current and future infrastructure development programs that support the integration of the fishing industry nationwide. ZFPC is the second fish Port Complex completed under the Nationwide Fishing Ports Project Package I, financed by the Japanese Government through the Overseas Economic Cooperation Fund. Iloilo Fish Port Complex The Iloilo Fish Port Complex (IFPC) is a major center of fish trading and marine products processing in Region VI. Lucena Fish Port Complex The LFPC was established as part of the Nationwide Fish Ports Project Package I and was constructed in a reclaimed area of 7.8 hectares. The total project cost of P283,976,020 came from a loan from the Overseas Economic Cooperation Fund of Japan. Its construction, which was started in 1982, was undertaken through the supervision of the Project Management Office (PMO) of the Department of Public Works and Highways.  Bulan Fish Port Complex The Bulan Fish Port Complex (PFDA - BFPC) is the youngest Regional Fish Port added under the management of the PFDA. In 2017, PFDA - BFPC was officially upgraded from a municipal fish port to its current Regional Fish Port (RFP) status. Aside from its role as a Regional Fish Port, the PFDA - BFPC jointly manages the operations of Tacloban Municipal Fish Port (TMFP) in Leyte with the local government unit concerned. Camaligan Fish Port The Camaligan Fish Port (CFP) is the fourth major fish port project completed by the government under the Nationwide Fishing Ports Projects Package I. The completion of the fish port in Camaligan enabled the Philippine Fisheries Development Authority (PFDA) to extend its services to the Bicol Region in terms of efficient handling and distribution of fish and fishery products. Sual Fish Port The Sual Fish Port (SFP) is one of the fish ports under the Fishing Ports Project Package I of the Philippine Fisheries Development Authority. It was established to provide basic post harvest facilities and services for the fishery sector in Region 1. As the only regional fish port in Northern Luzon, SFP was designed to accommodate bigger fishing boats and cargo vessels.  2. POPULATION GROWTH AND POVERTY v Population growth in coastal areas exacerbates resource use conflicts v The coastal areas are under increasing pressure from rapid population growth of 2.4% per year v More than 60 % of the Philippine population lives within the coastal areas  5. What is the most populated province based on 2020 data? a. Laguna b. Rizal c. Cavite d. Cebu e. Bulacan  5. What is the most populated province based on 2020 data? a. Laguna b. Rizal c. Cavite d. Cebu e. Bulacan  Of the 81 provinces, Cavite was the most populous in 2020 with 4.34 million persons, followed by Bulacan (3.71 million), and Laguna (3.38 million). There were 25 other provinces that surpassed the one million population mark in 2020. https://psa.gov.ph/content/highlights-philippine-population-2020-census-population-and-housing-2020-cph  3. ILLEGAL ACTIVITIES Examples of illegal and damaging activities that can be addressed by coastal management include: Ø Use of destructive and illegal fishing methods such as blast fishing, poisons, superlight, muro-ami and others Ø Intrusion of commercial fishing into municipal waters Ø Lack of observance of shoreline setback regulations resulting in damaging construction activities and development in the coastal zone Ø Conversion of mangrove and seagrass habitats to land or other uses resulting in decline of nearshore catch Ø Harvesting of banned species including corals, whale sharks, manta rays, giant clams, and endangered marine species Ø Habitat destruction from other causes  6. A general term which may be used to describe a fishery or aquatic species the population of which is endangered, vulnerable or rare. a. Rare b. Threatened c. Endangered d. Vulnerable e. Extinct  6. A general term which may be used to describe a fishery or aquatic species the population of which is endangered, vulnerable or rare. a. Rare b. Threatened c. Endangered d. Vulnerable e. Extinct CITES, which stands for the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, is a global agreement among governments to regulate or ban international trade in species under threat.  7. Which of the following is considered as threatened fishery species? a. Tridacna gigas b. Physeter macrocephalus c. Cerberus rhynchops d. Birgus latro e. Cowrie martini  7. Which of the following is considered as threatened fishery species? a. Tridacna gigas b. Physeter macrocephalus c. Cerberus rhynchops d. Birgus latro e. Cowrie martini FAO 208 Ø Illegal fishing methods, such as cyanide and blast fishing that are known to destroy or shatter the physical structure of the coral reef, create considerable losses to society Ø Net private benefits from blast fishing are only about US$15,000 (net present value over 25 years for 1 km2 of reef). Ø In contrast, the net present value of losses to society in terms of foregone coastal protection (US$193,000), fisheries (US$86,300), and tourism (US$482,000) is many times higher than the gain to the blast fisher(s) (Cesar 1996).  4. POLLUTION Types of pollution that can be addressed by coastal management include: Ø Domestic sewage from coastal cities, municipalities, and ships, most of which is dumped directly and untreated into the sea Ø Domestic solid waste from cities, municipalities, and ships, most of which is dumped into rivers, canals, shoreline areas, and then moves to the sea Ø Mine tailings and sediments from quarrying and mining in coastal and upland areas, much of which flows to the sea through streams and rivers Ø Industrial organic and toxic waste which, although often treated or restricted, is frequently dumped into rivers and the sea Ø Agricultural chemicals that pollute nearby rivers, streams, and groundwater, some of which end up in coastal waters Oil and fuel leaks and spills from ships. The overall impact of pollution on coastal areas and marine waters and ecosystems Ø degradation of the ecosystem Ølower environmental quality Ølower natural production 8. This aims to protect the country's water bodies from pollution from land-based sources (industries and commercial establishments, agriculture and community/household activities). a.RA 9003 b.RA 9275 c.RA 8749 d.RA 6969 e.PD 1586 8. This aims to protect the country's water bodies from pollution from land-based sources (industries and commercial establishments, agriculture and community/household activities). a.RA 9003 b.RA 9275 c.RA 8749 d.RA 6969 e.PD 1586  environmental laws in the Philippines Environmental Impact Assessment Law (PD 1586) Toxic Substances And Hazardous Waste Management Act (RA 6969) Clean Air Act of 1999 (RA 8749) Ecological Solid Waste Management Act (RA 9003) Clean Water Act (RA 9275) Environmental Awareness And Education Act Of 2009 (RA 9512)  5. FOOD SECURITY Key issues affecting food security that can be addressed by coastal management include: Continued increases in commercial and municipal fishing effort resulting from population growth and migration to coastal areas; Slow economic development in coastal areas providing few alternatives to municipal fishers; Use of habitat and fishery-destructive fishing practices; Illegal commercial fishing in municipal waters; Open access to fishery resources; Unsustainable economic development; Degradation of coastal habitats; and Weak implementation of coastal management programs at local and national levels. 9. A common form of overfishing where species can no longer replenish because there are not enough flourishing adult fish to replicate. a. Recruitment overfishing b. Growth overfishing c. Ecosystem overfishing d. Fishing Mortality e. Natural Mortality 9. A common form of overfishing where species can no longer replenish because there are not enough flourishing adult fish to replicate. a. Recruitment overfishing b. Growth overfishing c. Ecosystem overfishing d. Fishing Mortality e. Natural Mortality  There are three commonly accepted types of overfishing. These include recruitment overfishing, growth overfishing, and ecosystem overfishing. --Recruitment Overfishing: Depleting the older population of fish with overfishing which prevents proper reproduction. The species can no longer replenish because there are not enough flourishing adult fish to replicate. This is the most common form of overfishing. --Growth Overfishing: Harvesting a fish population at a smaller size which does not allow for the producing of the maximum yield per recruit. It can be prevented by reducing fish mortality rates and allowing for full growth. --Ecosystem Overfishing: Diminishing a fish population by overfishing it, which in turn shifts the balance of an environment. This causes predators that can no longer rely on food sources of smaller fish, smaller fish populations increasing because of a decline in predators, etc. ‘Malthusian over- fishing’ as a situation where small-scale fishers in developing countries engage in ‘wholesale resource destruction in their effort to maintain their incomes.’ (Pauly, 1993)  10. The maximum harvest allowed to be taken during a given period of time from any fishery area, or from any fishery species or group of fishery species, or a combination of area and species a.Catch Ceiling b.Total Allowable Catch c.Maximum Economic Yield d.Maximum Sustainable Yield  10. The maximum harvest allowed to be taken during a given period of time from any fishery area, or from any fishery species or group of fishery species, or a combination of area and species a.Catch Ceiling b.Total Allowable Catch c.Maximum Economic Yield d.Maximum Sustainable Yield  Total Allowable Catch (TAC) - the maximum harvest allowed to be taken during a given period of time from any fishery area, or from any fishery species or group of fishery species, or a combination of area and species and normally would not exceed the MSY Catch Ceilings - refer to the annual catch limits allowed to be taken, gathered or harvested from any fishing area in consideration of the need to prevent overfishing and harmful depletion of breeding stocks of aquatic organisms Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY). - is the largest average quantity of fish that can be harvested from a fish stocks/resource within a period of time (e.g. one year. on a sustainable basis under existing environmental conditions. Maximum economic yield [MEY] - The value of the largest positive difference between total fishing revenues and total costs of fishing (including the cost of labor, capital, management, and research).  6. BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Ø With 430 species of corals, more than 2,000 species of fishes, 14 species of seagrasses, hundreds of seaweed species, and literally thousands of species of different types of marine invertebrates, the Philippines parallels Indonesia with the richest tropical marine biodiversity in the world  The IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria are intended to be an easily and widely understood system for classifying species at high risk of global extinction. It divides species into nine categories: 11. The following statement is TRUE, except: a. Diversity is relatively lower in temperate marine ecosystem b. Diverse and complex food webs is observed in tropical marine ecosystem c. The loss of one species anywhere in the food chain in temperate marine ecosystems can result in the collapse of the whole system. d. The loss of one species in tropical marine ecosystems may go initially unnoticed by humans e. The tropical marine ecosystem will never decline and collapse even with the loss of many species and essential habitat 11. The following statement is TRUE, except: a. Diversity is relatively lower in temperate marine ecosystem b. Diverse and complex food webs is observed in tropical marine ecosystem c. The loss of one species anywhere in the food chain in temperate marine ecosystems can result in the collapse of the whole system. d. The loss of one species in tropical marine ecosystems may go initially unnoticed by humans e. The tropical marine ecosystem will never decline and collapse even with the loss of many species and essential habitat Ø In temperate marine ecosystems where diversity is relatively lower, the loss of one species anywhere in the food chain can result in the collapse of the whole system. Ø In tropical marine ecosystems with diverse and complex food webs, the loss of one species may go initially unnoticed by humans; however, with the loss of many species and essential habitat, eventually the integrity of the ecosystem will decline and ultimately collapse. Key biodiversity issues addressed by coastal management include: Ø Use of cyanide to collect aquarium fish and live food fish has proliferated destroying habitats in addition to overfishing of valuable species (Barber and Pratt 1997); Ø Poor management of all critical habitats that support much of the marine biodiversity in shallow waters; and Ø Overfishing and over-collection of all valuable nearshore organisms resulting in ecosystem changes and lowered biodiversity. 12. A privilege given to an individual, academic, research institution or organization to capture/harvest and transport aquatic wildlife species from the natural habitat for scientific and other authorized purposes a. Local Transport Permit b. Gratuitous Permit c. Aquatic Wildlife Farm Permit d. Aquatic Wildlife Special Use Permit e. Aquatic Wildlife Collector’s Permit 12. A privilege given to an individual, academic, research institution or organization to capture/harvest and transport aquatic wildlife species from the natural habitat for scientific and other authorized purposes a. Local Transport Permit b. Gratuitous Permit c. Aquatic Wildlife Farm Permit d. Aquatic Wildlife Special Use Permit e. Aquatic Wildlife Collector’s Permit  FAO 233 Aquatic Wildlife Conservation promulgated pursuant to Republic Act 9147 or the Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act of 2001 Aquatic Wildlife Collector’s Permit (AWCP) – permit to take or collect from the wild species and quantities of aquatic wildlife for the ornamental/aquarium trade, zoological/aquatic parks and commercial breeding/propagation Aquatic Wildlife Farm Permit (AWFP) – permit to develop, operate and maintain an aquatic wildlife breeding farm for conservation, trade and/or scientific purposes Aquatic Wildlife Special Use Permit (AWSUP) – permit authorizing qualified persons to collect economically important species for direct trade or other commercial purposes Gratuitous Permit (GP) – privilege given to an individual, academic, research institution or organization to capture/harvest and transport aquatic wildlife species from the natural habitat for scientific and other authorized purposes Local Transport Permit (LTP) – permit for domestic movement or authorizing an individual to bring, carry or ship aquatic wildlife, by-products or derivatives acquired from legal sources from the point of origin to the final destination within the country, which is different from the auxiliary invoice issued by the local governments and/or BFAR for the transport and domestic movement of fish and aquatic products derived from aquaculture or conventional fishing IMPACTS OF DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES ON THE COASTAL ZONE Aquaculture development Ø conversion of coastal ecosystems, primarily mangrove, to fish or shrimp ponds Ø replaced more than 60% of the original mangrove forest in the country Ø pollution generated by aquaculture  Foreshore land use and development Inadequately regulated foreshore development has resulted in several issues: Ø Inadequate development setbacks from the water line Ø Increased pollution in nearshore waters that often emanates from shoreline areas where there is a lack of control on activities. Ø Erosion of beach sand Ø Squatting and illegal structures in the foreshore areas. Coastal habitat conversion and land filling Ø Total and permanent loss of the natural habitats and their ecological and economic functions Ø Permanent decreases in localized fish catch and traditional livelihood opportunities for society’s most economically vulnerable Ø Significant pollution in the form of sediments that can spread for many square kilometers and last for years after the construction is completed; Ø The potential for increased risk of sinking and flooding Ø The potential for disrupted drainage patterns that will change the natural mixing of fresh water and sea water and thus affect marine organisms not tolerant of fresh water. Mining and Quarrying Ø Sand mining from beaches causes beach erosion and eventual disappearance of the beach Ø Sand mining from submerged reef or sandy areas stirs up silt in the water column and changes water- flow patterns Ø Mining for any material in a foreshore area always causes some polluting silt and runoff material that smother nearshore habitats. Tourism development 13. participatory process of planning, implementing, and monitoring sustainable uses of coastal resources through collective action and sound decision-making a. Coastal Resource Management b. Integrated Coastal Management c. Collaborative Management d. Community-based Coastal Resource Management e. Coastal Zone Management 13. participatory process of planning, implementing, and monitoring sustainable uses of coastal resources through collective action and sound decision-making a. Coastal Resource Management b. Integrated Coastal Management c. Collaborative Management d. Community-based Coastal Resource Management e. Coastal Zone Management  OVERVIEW OF COASTAL MANAGEMENT CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES Definitions of coastal management and approaches Ø Coastal resource management (CRM) is a participatory process of planning, implementing, and monitoring sustainable uses of coastal resources through collective action and sound decision-making. Ø Integrated coastal management (ICM) comprises those activities that achieve sustainable use and management of economically and ecologically valuable resources in coastal areas that consider interaction among and within resource systems as well as interaction between humans and their environment (White and Lopez 1991). ICM encompasses "CRM" being a broader set of activities that emphasize integration within government, non- government, and environmental realms. Collaborative management or co-management is based on the participation of all individuals and groups that have a stake in the management of the resource. Important elements include (White et al. 1994): Ø All stakeholders have a say in the management of a resource on which they depend; Ø The sharing of the management responsibility varies according to conditions of authority between local community organizations and government. However, in virtually all cases, a level of government continues to assume responsibility for overall policy and coordination functions; and Ø Social, cultural, and economic objectives are an integral part of the management framework. Particular attention is paid to the needs of those who depend on the resource and to equity and participation. Ø Community-based coastal resource management (CBCRM) implies that individuals, groups, and organizations have a major role, responsibility, and share in the resource management and decision-making process. Community-based management is consistent with the tenets of collaborative management since government is always part of the management process. Ø Coastal zone management (CZM) comprises those activities that achieve sustainable use and management of valuable resources and land uses in coastal areas as defined through CRM or ICM but with an emphasis on a specified coastal geographical area or zone. Evolution of coastal management mechanisms in the Philippines  OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION Overview of Coastal management Fisheries Management Areas Ecosystems Approach to Fisheries Management Conservation Measures 14. Establishment of fisheries management areas for the conservation and management of fisheries in Philippine waters a. FAO 236 b. FAO 206 c. FAO 263 d. FAO 203 e. FAO 266 14. Establishment of fisheries management areas for the conservation and management of fisheries in Philippine waters a. FAO 236 b. FAO 206 c. FAO 263 d. FAO 203 e. FAO 266 FAO 263, s.2019 Establishment of fisheries management areas for the conservation and management of fisheries in Philippine waters ▪ establish FMAs and provide a science- based, participatory and transparent governance framework and mechanism to sustainably manage fisheries  What is a Fisheries Management Area (FMA)? Ø It refers to delineated bodies of water in the Philippines based on approximation of fish stocks and their L boundary, range and distribution and other considerationsAD BA L _ E L for the purpose of fisheries management or governance that is science-based, participatory andL Y transparent, Nfisheries applying the ecosystem approach L Oto management (EAFM). ER I A A T Ø The EAFM approach W M emphasizes the balance of V I ecological E well-being with human well-being founded R E governance for future generations. FO Ron good 15. How many FMAs are delineated in the Philippine waters? a. 8 b. 10 c. 12 d. 16 e. 20 15. How many FMAs are delineated in the Philippine waters? a. 8 b. 10 c. 12 d. 16 e. 20  Who and how were FMAs established? How were they delineated? üFisheries Administrative Order No. 263, s. 2019, establishes the 12 FMAs of the Philippines. üThe 12 FMAs were established based on considerations of stocks boundary/range/ distribution, structure of fisheries as well as administrative divisions. üThey were delineated mostly considering the information from the National Stock Assessment Program and other scientific information as well as inputs from the public consultations. 12 FMAs of the Philippines 12 FMAs and Lead RFOs 12 FMAs and Lead RFOs  Why manage fisheries at the FMA level? Why create FMAs? Why do we need them? üWith FMAs, fisheries management now considers the range and distribution of fish stocks, rather than based on political or legal jurisdictions only. üHence, managing fisheries at the FMA level allows for a more ecosystem based approach to fisheries management, which considers both ecological well-being and human well- being, to ensure sustainable fisheries.  What’s new with FMA? How different it is from previous management? üWith FMAs, science-based policies based on reference points and harvest control rules and harvest control measures will be implemented. üFisheries resources are now collaboratively managed by stakeholders’ representatives (national-local, commercial-municipal, public- private) üIt will allow for a more participative, transparent and adaptive form of management  Who will manage the FMA? ü Each FMA will have its own management body to be led by BFAR and co-led by a representative of the LGU and composed of representatives from the key stakeholders within the FMA. Who composes the FMA Management Board?  What are the functions FMA Management Board? ü Formulates and adopts MB Rules of Procedures ü Adopts composition and Rules of Procedures of Science Advisory Group and Working Groups ü Adopt Reference Points, Harvest Control Rules/measures and related policy proposals and indorse the same for approval/adoption of the DA Secretary, LGUs and concerned sectors for implementation ü Deliberates and approves plans and programs; indorse implementation of the same to participating agencies and sectors ü Conducts review of implementation by various agencies and sectors and submit the annual accomplishment report to DA-BFAR and DILG ü Consults, coordinates and liaises with their respective agencies or sectors regarding its functions/ operations ü Performs other function as may be agreed upon or determined by the MB  How about the science part? ü Each FMA will have a Scientific Advisory Group. FMA The Scientific Advisory Group is composed of scientists, researchers, or technical representatives from the following: Ø BFAR Regional Offices through its National Stock Assessment Program Ø Academic institutions Ø LGUs Ø Commercial Fishing o Municipal Fishing Ø Aquaculture Ø NGO ü Their function is to provide technical advice to the Management Board based on best available data such as from the national stock assessment program results and catch documentation at the municipal level.  Who will generate scientific information and recommendations and indorse it to the SAG? ü The Science Providers will generate scientific information and recommendations and indorse it to the SAG ü It will be composed of the following: Ø NFRDI Ø BFAR RFOs/NSAP Ø BFAR – Fisheries Observer Program Ø BFAR-IMEMS Ø Academe Ø Research Institutions Ø NGO FMA Organizational Chart  Jurisdictions of Government Agencies As provided by law, LGUs, BFAR, DENR and other authorities retain their mandates and jurisdictions ü Municipal/City Government jurisdiction over municipal waters prior consultation with FARMCs in enacting ordinances ü DA-BFAR jurisdiction beyond municipal waters and commercial fisheries ü DENR/PAMB jurisdiction over NIPAS MPA (sub-FMA)  What is the role of the BFAR in the FMA? ü BFAR is the lead agency in organizing and operationalizing the FMAs across the country. It will monitor the effectiveness of the various FMAs, as each FMA reports annually to the BFAR National Office. ü At the regional level, a BFAR Regional Fisheries Office (RFO) has been designated as the lead for a particular FMA. The lead RFO, in coordination with the other BFAR RFO, will convene the stakeholders and will be responsible for organizing the FMA Management Board and the Scientific Advisory Group.  What is the role of the LGUs in the FMA? ü LGUs retains their power to manage and implement regulations of fisheries in municipal waters, as provided by law. ü LGUs will ensure that local regulations and management measures are consistent with the FMA resolutions, including the FMA EAFM Framework Plan, the established reference Points, the adopted harvest control rules and the recommended harvest control measures. ü As may be appropriate or needed, the LGUs, in consultation with their respective FARMCs, will enact local ordinances based on these FMA resolutions. ü The LGUs also prepares their respective EAFM action plan or updates their existing coastal resources management plan to be consistent with the FMA EAFM Framework Plan, as may be appropriate. ü At the end of each year, LGUs will submit a summary report to the FMA Management Board on their compliance with the FMA EAFM Framework Plan and the conservation and management measures based on the RPs and HCRs. What is the role of the FARMCs? What is the role of Inter-LGU Alliances?  What is the role of the DENR in the FMA? ü DENR continues to exercise their power and perform their functions under the law. ü Similarly, the PAMB shall continue to discharge its role over the marine protected areas (MPA) under the E-NIPAS Act (NIPAS) ü The NIPAS MPA will continue to function and be governed by the PAMB in accordance with the NIPAS Act. ü Such NIPAS MPA may be considered and treated as a sub-FMA. BFAR and DENR and/or the FMA Management Board, in consultation with the stakeholders, may agree and decide on this. ü The PAMB Chairperson will be part of the FMA Management Board to ensure coordination and cooperation. ü The PAMB may also consider and adopt the FMA EAFM Framework as the fisheries component of the Protected Area Management Plan of the NIPAS MPAs, especially with respect to its multiple use zone. The FMA EAFM Framework, insofar as relevant to the NIPAS MPA, can be annexed to the Protected Area Management Plan. ü With respect to the RPs and HCRs of the FMA, DENR/PAMB needs to concur. When authorized by the PAMB, the PAMB Chairperson sitting in the FMA Management Board may already signify such concurrence.  What is the role of the other NGAs in the FMA? ü National government agencies such as the Philippine National Police, Philippine Coast Guard, Maritime Industry Authority continues to exercise the same powers and functions. ü With fisheries managed at the FMA level, they may consider in their policies, programs and plans and provide complementary actions to the policies and measures adopted by the FMA Management Board. ü Additionally, when requested by the FMA Management Board, they may consider providing the needed assistance to the FMA, in accordance with their mandates.  How do we generate the scientific data? ü The Reference Points for key species within the FMA will be developed by the NFRDI and the NSAP Teams primarily based on the National Stock Assessment Program through a scientific process. The Scientific Advisory Group (SAG) may provide inputs. The FMA Management Board (MB) establishes RPs via MB resolution. Science Science Management Providers Advisory Group Board 16. Benchmark values often based on indicators such as fishery stock size or level of fishing that serves as standard to compare estimates of a fishery stock size and fishing mortality over time a. Performance Indicators b. Reference Points c. Harvest Control Rules d. Harvest Control Measures e. All of the above 16. Benchmark values often based on indicators such as fishery stock size or level of fishing that serves as standard to compare estimates of a fishery stock size and fishing mortality over time a. Performance Indicators b. Reference Points c. Harvest Control Rules d. Harvest Control Measures e. All of the above  What is Reference Points? Types of RPs: benchmarks that scientists and managers used to compare the a. Limit Reference current stock or fisheries to a Point desirable state (undesirable) and - level to be avoided helps to determine the success of the harvest strategies (PEW) b. Trigger Reference Point L AD AL ELB benchmark values often based on - level that signals the indicators such as fishery stock L Y _ need to take size or level of fishing that serves as L ON prescribed actions RI standard to compare estimates of E A c. Target Reference AT a fishery stock size and fishing W M mortality over time (FAO 263) Point V I E - level to be achieved R RE and maintained FO Example ü Reference Point of a Mackerel: exploitation rate of 0.5 ü Reference Point of Sardines: 5-year decrease in production/harvest equal to or more than 20%  Performance Indicators: Reference Points - Target - Limit L AD AL Y _ ELB L L ON E RI A AT W M V I E RE Signs of Stock Sickness R Lab Procedures Lab Results FO Slide from Fisheries Management Areas Roll-Out Slide from BFAR RO6/Sheryll Mesa 17. These are pre-agreed decisions based on the RPs to guide development of measures to achieve management objectives a. Harvest Control Measures b.Harvest Control Rules c. Management Actions d.Precautionary Measures e. Adaptive Management 17. These are pre-agreed decisions based on the RPs to guide development of measures to achieve management objectives a. Harvest Control Measures b.Harvest Control Rules c. Management Actions d.Precautionary Measures e. Adaptive Management  What is HARVEST CONROL RULES? ü HCRs are pre-agreed decisions based on the RPs to guide development of measures to achieve management objectives. ü HCRs are pre-agreed guidelines that determine how much fishing can take place, based on indicators of the targeted stock’s status. ü HCRs are agreed guidelines to determine how much, what size and where fish should be caught, or fishing gears that should be allowed or regulated Example ü HCR for Mackerel: If exploitation rate of 0.5 is breached, then reduce fishing pressure. ü HCR for Sardines: If last five years of sardines production decreases to more than 20%, then total allowable catch will be set to at a level lower than last year.  Harvest Control Rules L AD AL Y _ ELB L ON Too much fishing is killing the We need fish toLmake Let me live and grow! E R more I A fish! A T fisheries 1. E W M E V I significantly reduce catch of juvenile fish R R 2. protect spawning populations F O 3. reduce fishing mortality 4. increase catch rates Slide from BFAR RO6/Sheryll Mesa  What is HARVEST CONROL MEASURES? ü Harvest control measures or conservation and management measures are the specific management decisions or actions to be implemented, after consultation with the stakeholders, based on the RPs and HCRs. ü These measures will be supported by the corresponding FAO or local ordinance, as may be appropriate and implemented by BFAR and/or LGU. Example ü Management Measure for Mackerel based on limit RP and HCR: When exploitation rate of.5 is breached, then reduce fishing pressure by (a) closed season; and (b) reduce number of licenses for following year ü Management Measure for Sardines: Since limit RPs are breached, then HCR must be implemented. Therefore, allocate the total allowable catch between commercial and municipal fishers.  OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION Overview of Coastal management Fisheries Management Areas Ecosystems Approach to Fisheries Management Managing Coastal Habitats and Marine Protected Areas WHAT IS EAFM? Ecosystem Approach (EA) applied to Fisheries Management (FM) EAFM = EA + FM The Fisheries Code uses the term ecosystem-based (EB) approach to fisheries management; synonymous to EAFM “an approach to fisheries that strives to balance diverse societal objectives or needs by taking account of the knowledge and uncertainties about biotic, abiotic, and human components of ecosystems and their interaction; and applying in an integrated approach to fisheries management within ecologically meaningful boundaries.” Fisheries Code IRR, adapted from FAO 2003 WHAT IS EAFM? EAFM = EA + FM Finding a balance between human well-being and ecological well-being through good governance for future generations. ECOLOGICAL WELL-BEING Ø healthy ecosystems that maximize ecosystem goods and services; Ø biodiversity that leads to ecosystem resilience; Ø supportive ecosystem structure and habitats (incl. connected watersheds); Ø healthy oceans, coastal areas and watersheds; and Ø food webs based on diverse sources of primary production. HUMAN WELL-BEING Ø Material living standards (income, food and wealth); Ø Health; Ø Education; Ø Personal activities (recreation and work); Ø Political voice and governance; Ø Social connections and relationships; Ø Living environment (present and future conditions); and Ø Economic security and human safety GOVERNANCE The way rules and regulations are set and implemented, including: § Planning and implementation mechanisms § Compliance and enforcement § Processes and institutions that facilitate: Voicing interests Mediating differences Exercising legal rights Meeting obligations Source: BFAR Mainstreaming EAFM Modules Source: BFAR Mainstreaming EAFM Modules Source: BFAR Mainstreaming EAFM Modules Source: BFAR Mainstreaming EAFM Modules Source: BFAR Mainstreaming EAFM Modules BENEFITS OF USING EAFM ü Links fisheries management across jurisdictions and LGUs ü Earns political, stakeholder, and donor buy- in and participation resulting in increased resources (financial, personnel, enforcement, etc.) ü Reduces conflicts and shields the fishing sector from potential impacts by other users (including large vs. small- scale fishermen) BENEFITS OF USING EAFM ü Facilitates the trade-offs necessary to balance human and ecological well-being ü Allows adaptive management – leading to more effective coastal planning ü Increased stakeholder participation and more transparent planning ü Provides a way to consider large-scale, long-term issues (e.g. climate change) ü Increased political support Source: BFAR Mainstreaming EAFM Modules Source: BFAR Mainstreaming EAFM Modules Source: BFAR Mainstreaming EAFM Modules 18. Key principle of EAFM which states that where there are threats of serious or irreversible damage, lack of full scientific certainty shall not be used as a reason for postponing cost- effective measures to prevent environmental degradation a. Cooperation and Coordination b. Multiple objectives c. Precautionary Measures d. Adaptive Mechanisms e. All of the above 18. Key principle of EAFM which states that where there are threats of serious or irreversible damage, lack of full scientific certainty shall not be used as a reason for postponing cost- effective measures to prevent environmental degradation a. Cooperation and Coordination b. Multiple objectives c. Precautionary Measures d. Adaptive Mechanisms e. All of the above KEY PRINCIPLES OF EAFM 3. Increased 1. Good 2. Appropriate participation Governance Scale 6. Adaptive management 4. Multiple objectives 7. 5. Cooperation and Precautionary coordination approach EAFM is based on PLAN DO CHECK IMPROVE PREPARING FOR EAFM Source: BFAR Mainstreaming EAFM Modules Source: BFAR Mainstreaming EAFM Modules Source: BFAR Mainstreaming EAFM Modules Source: BFAR Mainstreaming EAFM Modules Source: BFAR Mainstreaming EAFM Modules Source: BFAR Mainstreaming EAFM Modules Source: BFAR Mainstreaming EAFM Modules  OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION Overview of Coastal management Fisheries Management Areas Ecosystems Approach to Fisheries Management Conservation Measures FISHING PRESSURE Sec. 23 Authorizes LGUs to prohibit or limit fishery activities - Whenever it is determined by LGUs and the DA that a municipal water is overfished based on available data or information or in danger of being overfished, and there is a need to regenerate the fishery resources in that water, the LGU shall prohibit or limit fishery activities in the said water FISHING PRESSURE Slide from EDF Philippines 19. Which of the following is not an example of performance indicators? a.Landings b.Fishing Mortality c.Average Length d.Catch Limit e.Catch per unit effort 19. Which of the following is not an example of performance indicators? a.Landings b.Fishing Mortality c.Average Length d.Catch Limit e.Catch per unit effort Slide from EDF Philippines  FISHING NET MESHES length of mesh: for knotted netting, the distance between the centers of two opposite length of mesh side: knots in the same mesh when fully the distance between two sequential knots or extended in the N-direction, joints, measured from center to center when the yarn between those points is fully for knotless netting, the distance extended. between the centers of two opposite joints in the same mesh when fully extended along its longest possible axis.  FISHING NET MESHES opening of mesh: for knotted netting, the longest distance between two opposite knots in the same mesh when fully extended in the N- direction, for knotless netting, the inside distance between two opposite joints in the same mesh when fully extended along its longest possible axis.  FISHING NET MESHES Fine mesh nets - net with mesh size of less than 3 cm measured between two opposite knots of full mesh opening of mesh: when stretched for knotted netting, the longest distance between two opposite knots in the same mesh when fully extended in the N- direction, for knotless netting, the inside distance between two opposite joints in the same mesh when fully extended along its longest possible axis. FISHING NET MESHES Sec. 93 – Use of Fine Mesh Net EXCEPTIONS – The use of fine mesh net shall be allowed through a specific gear license or permit granted for this purpose, only in the following circumstances: 1. If the net is used to catch: L AD a) Padas (Siganidae), bangus fry (Chanos chanos), sugpo fry AL Y _ ELB (Penaeidae), banak fry (Mugilidae), glass eels and elvers L (Anguilidae) and such other immature species for culture purposes; b) Aquarium/ornamental animals; and L ON I A c) Other species already mature such as, but not limited to, alamang E R T (Acetes spp.), tabios (Pandaca pygmea), sinarapan (Mistichthys A M luzonensis), dilis (Engraulidae), and snails (Ampularia luzonica and W I E Vivipora spp.). V R RE 2. In cases of ring nets, purse seines for sardines, mackerels and scads, and bagnets, wherein the mesh size is 1.9 centimeters (17 knots), measured FO between two opposite knots of a full mesh when stretched: provided, however, that the operator is required to take measures to ensure that no juvenile will be caught  CLOSED SEASON the period during which the taking of specified fishery species by a specified fishing gear is prohibited in a specified area or areas in Philippine waters (RA 8550 as amended by RA 10654). Why do we have closed seasons? v to protect species at vulnerable times in their life cycle, such as during spawning seasons v one of the many fisheries management approaches adopted by the state, local authorities and coastal communities to conserve and improve fish stocks and other marine resources v established primarily due to the deteriorating coastal resources manifested by lower yield or fish catch which consequently resulted in significant social and economic impacts in the affected community LEGAL BASIS Who can declare a closed season? 1. The Secretary may declare a closed season through public notice in at least two newspapers of general circulation or in public service announcements. 2. The LGU in consultation with the FARMC for conservation purposes. The FARMCs may also recommend closed seasons in municipal waters, fisheries management and other areas reserved for the use of municipal fisherfolk.  20. The BFAR Administrative Circular 247 s. 2013 (Conservation of ludong in Northern Luzon) declares a closed season every year wherein taking of Ludong of any size or by any fishing gear or method is prohibited in Cagayan River, its tributaries, headwaters and watersheds in the Cagayan Valley, and the Abra River Basin System of Ilocos Sur and Abra. What period of the year does this BAC covers? a. October 1 to November 15 b.October 15 to November 1 c. October 5 to November 11 d.October 1 to November 30 e. October 15 to November 15  20. The BFAR Administrative Circular 247 s. 2013 (Conservation of ludong in Northern Luzon) declares a closed season every year wherein taking of Ludong of any size or by any fishing gear or method is prohibited in Cagayan River, its tributaries, headwaters and watersheds in the Cagayan Valley, and the Abra River Basin System of Ilocos Sur and Abra. What period of the year does this BAC covers? a. October 1 to November 15 b.October 15 to November 1 c. October 5 to November 11 d.October 1 to November 30 e. October 15 to November 15  CLOSED SEASON IN PHILIPPINE FISHERIES FAO 167 s. 1989 - Establishing a closed season for conservation sardines and herrings and mackarels in Visayan Sea - declares a closed season from November 15 – March 15 every year - Suspended in Nov 15, 1990 – March 15, 1991 but reinstated a year after (FAO 167-1 s. 1990)  CLOSED SEASON IN PHILIPPINE FISHERIES JAO 01-2011 that was issued jointly by DA and the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) -establishing a closed season for the conservation of sardines in East Sulu Sea, Basilan Strait and Sibuguey Bay -  CLOSED SEASON IN PHILIPPINE FISHERIES BFAR Administrative Circular 255 s. 2014 - Establishing a Closed Season for the Conservation of Sardines which institutionalized the conservation measure first embodied in the transitional Joint DA-DILG Administrative Order No. 1 - fishing ban on sardines would be in effect from December 5, 2014 to March 1, 2015, but in the succeeding years, it will be from December 1 to March 1. - The area covers 22,260.36 square kilometers of municipal and national waters of Zamboanga del Norte, as well as waters bordering south and eastern Zamboanga City and southern portion of Zamboanga Sibugay.  CLOSED SEASON IN PHILIPPINE FISHERIES BFAR Administrative Circular 247 s. 2013 - Conservation of ludong in Northern Luzon - declares a closed season which is from October 1 to November 15 of each year, wherein taking of Ludong of any size or by any fishing gear or method is prohibited in Cagayan River, its tributaries, headwaters and watersheds in the Cagayan Valley, and the Abra River Basin System of Ilocos Sur and Abra.  CLOSED SEASON IN PHILIPPINE FISHERIES JAO 02-2014 that was issued jointly by DA and the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) -establishing a closed season for the conservation of small pelagic fishes in Davao Gulf - prohibits the fishing from June to August of every year of species of fishes in Davao gulf that includes the big-eyed scad, skipjack tuna, species of tuna, scad, mackerel, and moonfish.  CLOSED SEASON IN PHILIPPINE FISHERIES JAO 01-2015 that was issued jointly by DA and the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) - establishment of closed season for the management of galonggong (roundscad: Decapterus spp) in Northern Palawan - prohibits the use of purse seine, ring net and bag net in fishing grounds around northeast of Palawan from November 1, 2015 to January 31, 2016 and every period thereafter.  Zamboanga City dubbed as the “Sardines Capital of the Philippines” has 20 commercial fishing operators, 12 canning companies and 4 tin can manufacturers Dipolog City is recognized as the “Bottled Sardines City” and has 25 active sardines processors, 2,046 licensed municipal fishermen and 588 licensed vessels  FISH SANCTUARIES/MARINE RESERVE RA 8550 as amended by RA 10654 Fishery Refuge and Sanctuaries – a designated area where fishing or other forms of activities which may damage the ecosystem of the area is prohibited and human access may be restricted Fishery Reserve – a designated area where activities are regulated and set aside for educational and research purposes  FISH SANCTUARIES/MARINE RESERVE Sec. 80 (RA 8550 as amended by RA 10654) The Department may designate area or areas in Philippine waters beyond 15km from shoreline as fishery reservation for the exclusive use of the government or any of its political subdivisions, agencies or instrumentalities, for propagation, educational, research and scientific purposes - For municipal waters, LGU with consultation with FARMCs may recommend to the Department  FISH SANCTUARIES/MARINE RESERVE Sec. 81 (RA 8550 as amended by RA 10654) The Department may establish fish refuge and sanctuaries as prescribed by BFAR at least 25% but not more than 40% of the resources Municipal: at least 15% (where applicable) of the total coastal areas in each municipality shall be designated as Fish Sanctuaries by the LGUs in consultation with FARMCs  FISH SANCTUARIES/MARINE RESERVE v The first so-called municipal marine park or sanctuary in the Philippines was established in 1974 on Sumilon Island, Cebu, under the guidance of Silliman University and its marine laboratory. v Sumilon Island Marine Sanctuary is often cited in the Philippines and even internationally as the best example of why coral reef sanctuaries contribute to improved reef fisheries management v This initial experiment in reef management, which in fact stopped all fishing on a portion of the Sumilon Island reef for about 10 years, allowed researchers to collect substantial data on the effects of such management on the coral reef and its related fisheries. FISH SANCTUARIES/MARINE RESERVE FISH SANCTUARIES/MARINE RESERVE FISH SANCTUARIES/MARINE RESERVE  FISH SANCTUARIES/MARINE RESERVE National Integrated Protected Areas System Act of 1992 (RA 7586) Ø An Act Providing for the Establishment and Management of National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) was enacted by Congress in 1992 to respond to the profound impact of human activities on all components of the natural environment particularly the effect of increasing population, resource exploitation, and maintaining the natural biological and physical diversities of the environment (Sec. 2). Ø The NIPAS is the national system of classification and administration of all designated protected areas to maintain essential ecological processes and life- support systems, preserve genetic diversity, ensure sustainable use of resources found therein, and maintain their natural conditions to the greatest extent possible (Sec. 4).  ENFORCEMENT OF REGULATIONS Sec. 16 (RA 8550 as amended by RA 10654) Mandates the municipal/city government to: - have jurisdiction over municipal waters - responsible for the management, conservation, development, protection, utilization and disposition of all fishery resources within their respective municipal waters - enact appropriate ordinance - enforce all fishery laws, rules and regulations Rule 16.1 Basic Municipal Fisheries Ordinance Rule 16.2 Delineation of Municipal Boundaries  ENFORCEMENT OF REGULATIONS Persons and deputies who are authorized to enforce the Fisheries Code 1. Law enforcement officers of DA(BFAR), Philippine Navy, Philippine Coast Guard, PNP Maritime Group 2. Law enforcement officers of LGU and other government enforcement activities 3. Deputy fish wardens (government officials and employees, barangay officials and fisherfolk organization members)  LICENSING OF FISHERFOLK Sec. 19 (RA 8550 as amended by RA 10654) - The LGU shall maintain a registry of municipal fisherfolk, who are fishing or may desire to fish in municipal waters for the purpose of determining priorities among them, of limiting entry into the municipal waters, and of monitoring fishing activities and/or related purposes Updated annually or as may be necessary Maintain a registry of municipal fishing vessels by type of gear and other boat LICENSING OF FISHERFOLK Rule 19.1 - National Registration Program The BFAR in coordination with the M/CFARMC shall continue to assist the LGU in implementing the national program for the registration of municipal fishing vessels, gears, fisherfolk and fishery operators. FishR and BoatR  What is The National Program for Municipal BoatR? Fishing Vessels and Gears Registration dubbed as “BoatR” is a follow through of the FishR program. L AD AL It is designed to enhance, fast-track_ELB and complete the nationwide NL Y L O registration of municipal E RI A fishing vessels three (3) M T A tons and gross below and I E W municipal fishing gears R E V as O R required under EO No. 305 s. F and Sec. 19 of RA 8550 or the 2004 Philippine Fisheries Code of 1998. PROGRAM OBJECTIVES Develop and promote a simplified and standardized national registration system for BoatR Get the support of all coastal municipalities and cities to use the standardized registration system and to integrate with and regularly update the BoatR System Use the data in the Boat Registry, to design fisheries management and biodiversity conservation measures Upon program completion, the bureau would be able to come up with a national database or a registry of all municipal fishing vessels, three (3) gross tons and below and fishing gears. Why establish and maintain the Registry? 1. To protect preferential rights of subsistence fisherfolk 2. To establish reliable information on fishing vessels and gears relevant to the fisherfolk’s welfare and to fisheries and coastal conservation 3. To efficiently deliver government programs and benefits to targeted beneficiaries 4. To strengthen tenure and livelihood security 5. To have immediate access to government assistance packages 6. To have immediate access to government assistance packages THANK YOU for listening AND GOOD LUCK!!!!