Self-Directed Learning Strategies (PDF)

CHAPTER 5: SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING AND ITS IMPORTANT LEARNER I hear and I forget, I see and I remember, I do and I understand. LEARNING OUTCOMES Define self-directed learning State characteri...

CHAPTER 5: SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING AND ITS IMPORTANT LEARNER I hear and I forget, I see and I remember, I do and I understand. LEARNING OUTCOMES Define self-directed learning State characteristics of self-directed learner Discuss the importance of self-directed learning to learners Discuss on how to study in college (including mind setting, time management and financial management) WHAT IS SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING?  AUTODIDACTICISM Learning on yourself or by yourself/self-education//self-teaching. Ax Self-directed learning is “a process in which individuals take the initiative to learn,O with or without the help of others.” C atanugaha dia 4 endiri. topic 1- 5 40 mco  CHARACTERISTICS OF A SELF-DIRECTED LEARNER 1. Student motivation: a student may be intrinsically motivated to perform a particular task. e.g., "I want to do well on this final exam for my own satisfaction". 2. Goal orientation: the individual's ability to make plans & set goals, it works in conjunction with self-efficacy to increase motivation. 3. Self-efficacy: is defined as "people's judgments of their capabilities to organize & execute courses of action required to attain designated types of performances”. e.g., "I can analyze medication errors correctly“, "I am good at dispensing.“ 4. Locus of control: the tendency students must ascribe achievements & failures to internal factors that they control (effort, ability, motivation) @ external factors that are beyond control (chance, luck, others' actions). 5. Self-regulation: is the ability of the learner to control interest, attitude, & effort toward a task or a goal. The key to self-regulation is the ability of the learner to understand the requirements of the task or goal, & then to monitor & adjust his effort without reminders @ deadlines. Examples of self-directed learners' characteristics:  They ask questions.  They are organized and focused.  They are responsible and hard working.  They are creative and curious.  They are self-evaluative and reflective.  They are independent & goal –oriented.  They go beyond the required.  A FOUR-STEP PROCESS FOR oa SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING Step 1: Assess readiness to learn This step involves students conducting a self-evaluation of their current situation, study habits, family situation & support network (at college & at home) & evaluating past experiences with independent learning. Signs of readiness for self-directed learning include being autonomous, organised, self-disciplined, able to communicate effectively, & able to accept constructive feedback & engage in self-evaluation & self-reflection. Step 2: Set learning goals This steps involves students developing a clear learning goals (short-term vs long-term goals). Short-term goal (especially ones that are realistic & attainable). E.g.: A student may want to read one chapter of a book each day for two weeks  increase reading time, improve reading skills. Long-term goal (a goal that is worked on throughout the school year or over a semester & will involve multiple steps). E.g.: A student may want to improve his science grade from a D to a B over the course of the school year. Step 3: Engage in the learning process Students must understand ideas & be able to apply knowledge to new situations. Students need to generate their own connections & be their own motivators. Step 4: Evaluate learning Students must be able to engage in self-reflection & self-evaluation of their learning goals & progress in a unit of study. E.g: How do I know I’ve learned? Do I have confidence in explaining study material?  Build self- Teaches confidence, social self- skills discipline encourage students to develop their own rules & leadership patterns DISADVANTAGES OF SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING 1. Feels bored when studying alone 2. Cannot do discussion with others 3. Sometimes they tend to be lazy 4. Cannot socialize with other people 5. They do not get different ideas  LEARNING STYLES Learning styles refer to a range of competing & contested theories that aim to account for differences in individuals' learning. There are various learning style model: 1.1 David Kolb's model 1.2 Neil Fleming's VAK/VARK model 1.3 Peter Honey and Alan Mumford's model 1.4 Learning modalities 1.5 Anthony Gregorc's model A I HEAR AND I FORGET, I SEE AND I REMEMBER, I DO AND I UNDERSTAND. HOW TO STUDY IN COLLEGE INCLUDING TIME MANAGEMENT MIND SETTING FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT Good habits are hard to form, but easy to leave Bad habits are easy to form, but hard to leave  WHAT IS TIME MANAGEMENT (TM)? TM is a set of principles, practices, skills, tools & systems working together to get more value out of our time with the aim of improving the quality of our life. In the other words, TM is an act or process of exercising conscious control over the amount of time spent on specific activities, especially to increase efficiency or productivity. Learning to better manage your time is a crucial skill to have. Practicing good time management skills can positively impact every facet of your life & ultimately help lead you on the road to success. Changing habits & implementing new skills won’t happen overnight. 13  TIPS ON TIME MANAGEMENT Identify best time for studying Study difficult subject first Use distributed learning and practice Make sure the surroundings are conducive for studying Make sure you have time to sleep and eat properly Make room for entertainment and relaxation ‘Urgent’ tasks demand your immediate attention, but whether you give them that attention may or may not matter. 'Important' tasks matter & not doing them may have serious consequences for you@ others. 14  mu a I SIGNS OF POOR TIME MANAGEMENT Feeling like you are not in control Always busy but never finish projects There is never enough time Clutter, messiness Often late for appointments / meetings Always tires Lack of focus Missed deadlines Regret that you are not able to achieve goals Overload of work to do Stress due to backlog Left behind in class Mistakes 16  BENEFITS OF GOOD TIME MANAGEMENT Be more effective & productive Be more organized & you are not wasting time looking for anything More creative time More time with people you love Improve relationship with others & self Getting things done faster because you figure out what to prioritize Having less stress because have clear directions & expectations Better quality of work 17 DISADVANTAGES OF POOR TIME MANAGEMENT More procrastination: waiting until the last-minute leads to more stress & anxiety. Easily distracted: less focus on your tasks & more on multitasking Missing opportunities & falling behind Lack of motivation No ‘self-care’ time @ “me” time: failing to schedule regular times for yourselfto recharge,to reenergize, to relax, & even to sleep enough.  WHAT IS MIND SETTING? the ideas and attitudes with which a person approaches a situation 20  SET YOUR MIND Write down your reasons for studying Write down the pitfalls of not studying Set a time and place to study Set mini goals Be prepared to study Take a break if you mind starts to wonder quic : 10/10 midgen 40/40- 21  WHAT IS FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT? Financial management is the planning, directing, monitoring, organizing & controlling of the monetary resources of an organization. *** - L - D WHAT IS PERSONAL FINANCE? Personal finance is the process of planning & managing personal financial activities such as income generation, spending, saving, investing & protection. The process of managing one’s personal finances can be summarized in a budget or financial plan. 22  HOW TO MANAGE YOUR FINANCE? Determine your income Determine your fixed expenses Determine your variable expenses Evaluate your budget Adjust as needed Track your expenses 24  CONCLUSION © We need to develop lot of patience and long-term thinking to achieve our goals. © People take years to develop the discipline. © Don't expect to master everything in few months & expect miracles to happen. TAKE HOME MESSAGES ATTITUDE IS EVERYTHING 26