5-6 Technical Drawing.pdf

TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN LESSON OBJECTIVES: At the end of this lesson, students should be able to: 1. demonstrates an understanding of different kinds of technical drawings. MELCS: Identify different kinds of technical drawings (Quarter 1, Week 4) TLE_ICTAN9-12ID-Ig-1...

TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN LESSON OBJECTIVES: At the end of this lesson, students should be able to: 1. demonstrates an understanding of different kinds of technical drawings. MELCS: Identify different kinds of technical drawings (Quarter 1, Week 4) TLE_ICTAN9-12ID-Ig-1 TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN the act of composing plans that visually communicate ideas through some form of picture or drawing TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN TECHNICAL DRAWING is made with precision and contains all the information necessary to manufacture an object. is drawn using drawing instruments or software for more accuracy. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Equipment and Materials TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Drawing Pencil is a writing utensil with a graphite lead embedded in a wooden shaft. It is mainly used for artistic sketching and drawing This is one of the most important tools in drawing, comes from various grades. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN T – Square it is a drawing instrument used when making horizontal line. It is also used for guiding triangles when drawing vertical and inclined lines TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN 3 Types of T – Square TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Fixed Head The head is fastened to the blade. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Movable or Adjustable Head It has an adjustable head which can be adjust to any angle and used only for occasional drawing. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Detachable or Removable Head it is designed for comfort when carrying the T- square TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Set Squares or Triangle clear plastic triangles with set angles. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Two types of set squares: a. 45 set square – where angles are 45 degrees and 90 degrees b. 30/60 – where angles are 30 degrees, 60 degrees, and 90 degrees. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Adjustable Set Square or Compass used to draw any angle. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Rulers used to measure drawing for proportioning. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Drawing Paper has different sizes to choose from. The advantage of standard sizes for drawings is that they enable a more economical use of drawing and tracing paper that the binding and storing of the drawing become easier. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Line Drawing and Scales TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Scale is the ratio of the length and size (linear dimension) of an element of an object in the drawing to the real length and size of the same element of the object TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Scale Designation of a scale consist of word “SCALE” followed by the indication of its ratio: SCALE 1:1 for full size (1:1) SCALE X:1 for enlargement scales (50:1) SCALE 1:X for reduction scales (1:2) TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Line weight helps to convey meaning to a technical drawing. the thickness of a line. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Line weight gives meaning to a technical drawing: Important objects in the drawing can be highlighted by using heavier outlines. Elevation on the objects nearer to the viewer can be darker to make them appear closer. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Line weight Grid lines may be drawn faintly so as not to over crowd the rest of drawing. Dimension lines can be drawn be drawn in very fine line. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Drawing a Straight Line 1. Hold the pencil naturally. 2. Spot the beginning and end point. 3. Swing the pencil back and forth between the points, barely touching the paper until the direction is clearly established. 4. Draw the line firmly with a free and easy writ-and-arm motion. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Drawing a Straight Line TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Projection is the representation of a three-dimensional object on a two-dimensional surface the three typical views expressed in a projection are called three panel image. Three-panel screen with front views, side view, and top views. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Projection Source: Isometric drawing | Definition, Examples, & Facts | Britannica TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Types of View TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Isometric view is a view in which the component edges at a 30-degree angle to horizontal line drawn. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Front view this view depicts the object as seen from the front. It gives details about the object's height and width. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Planometric view both parts edge at 45-degree angle to horizontal line drawn. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Basic Stroke TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Simple Geometric Shapes TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Simple Geometric Shapes TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Squares regular rectangles with all sides equal and all angles. Rectangles four-sided figures with all internal angles. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Triangles three-sided figures. To draw a triangle, you should consider: ▪ the sizes of the three sizes ▪ the sizes of two sides and the included angle ▪ the sizes of the angles and one side TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Circle or arcs to the other related shapes such as ellipses from important parts of drawing even though a lot of shapes are straight lines TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Freehand Sketching TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN To draw a rounded corner using a grid, the corner is measured three units vertical then join them together by an arc. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Be sure to sketch object neatly and proportioned to the object it is referring to. This is very important in engineering and architecture. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Grid are also useful in making freehand circles in proportion. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Ellipses can be sketched the same as the circle. Make small arcs on each grid that is occupied by the ellipsis and connect by an arc. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Sketching Technique TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN 1. Draw three circles 2. Draw the tangent lines to the circles 3. Connect by line each radius perpendicular to the tangent lines TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Geometrical shapes like hexagon can be achieved using the circle and grid technique. The circle will serve as guide on the surface of the shape. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN To draw an octagon using the same technique: 1. Draw a circle. 2. Identify the horizontal and vertical lines tangent to the circle. 3. Draw the line from the center of the circle at 45 degrees. The diagonals of the grid boxes may serve as guide. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN 4. Draw the lines perpendicular at each diagonal. 5. Darken the final lines with pencil. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Floor Plan Symbols HOUSE DESIGN SAMPLE 2D View 3D View RAMZ VILLE’S HOUSE DESIGN DESIGNED BY: REYNIEL TEPPANG ROOM PLANNER APPS TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Floor Plan A floor plan shows basic structural elements, including walls, doors, windows, and stairs. It represents plumbing, HVAC, electrical systems, and architectural features as well. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Floor Plan Floor plans also show symbols like the outlines of elements such as tubs, stoves, sinks, and stairs - similarly, interior design and appliances, islands, cabinets, and bookshelves. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Floor Plan Symbols are graphical representations used in a floor plan. These symbols are standardized and universally recognized within the architectural and construction industry. They provide a concise and visual way to communicate the design and layout of a building's components, such as walls, doors, windows, fixtures, and furniture. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN The COMPASS helps us to understand the orientation of a property. It depicts the point of view of navigation from the perspective of someone on the inside. It is represented by a circle with an arrow pointing toward due north. However, floor plan compass symbols do not show the cardinal directions. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN The SCALE represents the measurement of dimension using smaller measurements that may fit on the paper or screen. A scale translates between a measure on the floor and a measurement on the floor plan. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN Floor plan symbols and notations show scales in two ways. It may be shown as equivalent measurements. For example, ¼" is equal to 1.’ Or it may be represented as a ratio such as 1: 100 or 1: 48. Scales may be represented as "SCALE BARS," black and white lines with numbers that look like the scale of a ruler. FLOOR PLAN WITH MEASUREMENTS IN CM home-design.jpg (640×486) (hzcdn.com) FLOOR PLAN WITH FURNITURE PLACEMENT architectural-layout-house-floor-plan-260nw-1855662259.jpg (307×280) (shutterstock.com) FLOOR PLAN SYMBOLS https://www.bigrentz.com/blog/f loor-plan- symbols?srsltid=AfmBOopUN8 OAlFRCB0HQAV22NOUDxQov qYOZ7DiMkAVlOxATY6dY7FXM #What_Are_Floor_Plan_Symbo ls? FLOOR PLAN SYMBOLS https://www.bigrentz.com/blog/f loor-plan- symbols?srsltid=AfmBOopUN8 OAlFRCB0HQAV22NOUDxQov qYOZ7DiMkAVlOxATY6dY7FXM #What_Are_Floor_Plan_Symbo ls? FLOOR PLAN SYMBOLS https://www.bigrentz.com/blog/f loor-plan- symbols?srsltid=AfmBOopUN8 OAlFRCB0HQAV22NOUDxQov qYOZ7DiMkAVlOxATY6dY7FXM #What_Are_Floor_Plan_Symbo ls? FLOOR PLAN SYMBOLS https://www.bigrentz.com/blog/f loor-plan- symbols?srsltid=AfmBOopUN8 OAlFRCB0HQAV22NOUDxQov qYOZ7DiMkAVlOxATY6dY7FXM #What_Are_Floor_Plan_Symbo ls? TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN 4 Types of Floor Plans 1. RANCH-STYLE A ranch-style floor plan is usually for one-story homes. The bedrooms are often on one side of the home, separate from the general living spaces like the living room, kitchen, and dining room. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN 4 Types of Floor Plans 2. CAPE COD Also known as a farm ranch, this floor plan style is for one and a half-story homes. This house plan design is distinct from the ranch- style as it features the master bedroom on the first floor, and the rest of the bedrooms on its next floor. The next floor isn’t technically a second story because the half- story has shorter walls and less room than the second story of a traditional two-story house. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN 4 Types of Floor Plans 3. TWO-STORY For a two-story home, most of the bedrooms are featured on the second floor, while all the living spaces are on the first floor. Floor plans with two stories offer more design options like higher ceilings and more significant separation between sleeping and entertaining spaces. TECHNICAL DRAWING AND DESIGN 4 Types of Floor Plans 4. MULTI-LEVEL House layouts for split-levels and high ranches offer more architectural design options, like adding a grand foyer or a finished basement. Multi-level floor plans feature short stairs leading to each floor and can offer a more economical use of your space by stacking the floors, rather than spreading them out.