4Y surgery 3 credit.pdf

SURGERY SOL 2021 1. The most dangerous pneumothorax is: a. Tension pneumothorax b. Open pneumothorax c. Closed pneumothorax d. Spontaneous pneumothorax 2. Depletion (low levels) of which mineral leads to bowel paralysis? a. Na b. Ca c. Cl d. K 3. Necrotizing pancreatitis - which of the following sta...

SURGERY SOL 2021 1. The most dangerous pneumothorax is: a. Tension pneumothorax b. Open pneumothorax c. Closed pneumothorax d. Spontaneous pneumothorax 2. Depletion (low levels) of which mineral leads to bowel paralysis? a. Na b. Ca c. Cl d. K 3. Necrotizing pancreatitis - which of the following statements is NOT true? a. Severity of the pancreatitis cannot be predicted at the time of admission b. Extent of necrosis can be assessed by CT scan performed 48 hours or later after onset of symptoms c. Nasojejunal tube is indicated for enteral nutrition once necrotizing pancreatitis is confirmed d. Surgical treatment - necrosectomy - should be performed as soon as possible 4. Which of the following statements is NOT true for the patient with acute pancreatitis: a. Every patient should be primarily admitted to UCI b. Every patient should receive nasogastric tube, urinary catheter, bowel rest, parenteral nutrition, PPI’s, painkillers, and prophylactic antibiotics c. Serum amylase and lipase levels are major diagnostic tool d. Biliary and non-biliary pancreatitis may require different therapeutical approach 5. There are several well-established indications for ERCP. Which of the following is not such indications? a. Obstruction cholangitis b. Biliary pancreatitis with impacted stone on papilla of Vate c. Diagnosis of obstructive jaundice d. All of the above were well established indications for ERCP 6. Which of the following is standard and accepted mortality of ERCP? a. 1% b. 2% c. 5% d. 0,1% 7. Sengstaken (Blakemore) tube can be used in the treatment of: a. Bleeding esophageal varices (as compression therapy) b. malnutrition (for enteral nutrition) c. Pylorostenosis (in pediatric population) d. Thromboembolic diseases (as caval filter) 8. Which of the following is true for strangulated hernia? a. Taxis should not be attempted b. Patient reports slowly progressing abdominal pain c. Immediate laparoscopic repair is the method of choice d. All of the above 9. Diagnosis of acute appendicitis can be confirmed by: a. Abdominal ultrasonography b. CT scan c. Diagnostic laparoscopy/ laparotomy d. Histological assessment of the removed appendix 10. Which is the localization where pain during palpation should be expected in acute appendicitis? a. Mc Vay’s point b. Spiegel’s point c. Murphy’s point d. Mc Burney’s point 11. Which of the following is NOT a typical finding in acute appendicitis? a. Slowly progressing right iliac fossa pain b. Tachycardia disproportional to body temperature c. Slightly increased body temperature d. Increased levels of CRP 12. The most common symptom of esophageal cancer is? a. Odynophagia b. Dysphagia c. Regurgitation d. Hematemesis 13. Esophagectomy requires reconstruction of GIT continuity. Which of the following is most widely used for this purpose? a. Small intestine b. Right colon c. Left colon d. Stomach 14. Which of the following is the proper term for painful swallowing? a. Regurgitation b. Dysphagia c. Odynophagia d. Aphagia 15. The most appropriate treatment of acute cholecystitis diagnosed within 48 hours from onset of symptoms is: a. Conservative treatment (ATB + bowel rest) b. Percutaneous cholecystostomy c. Endoscopic stone retrieval d. Cholecystectomy 16. Left hemi hepatectomy is defined as removal of the following liver segments: a. I, II b. I, II, III, IV c. I, II, III, IV, V, VI d. V, VI, VII, VIII 17. Charcot's triad - typical signs of acute cholangitis include a. Jaundice, fever, right hypochondrium pain b. Jaundice, fever, mental alteration c. Jaundice, vomitus, pain in the right hypochondrium d. Jaundice, pruritus, mental alteration 18. The most common presentation of bleeding gastroduodenal peptic ulcer is: a. Hematemesis b. Hematochezia c. Rectal bleeding d. Melanic stool 19. Which of the following findings does not belong to typical presentation of perforated peptic ulcer? a. Melanic stool b. Signs of peritonitis c. Sudden onset stabbing upper abdominal pain d. Free air under the diaphragm on chest x-ray 20. Which of the complications of peptic ulcer is usually managed endoscopically? a. Perforation b. Penetration c. Bleeding d. Pylorostenosis Credit surgery 3 – 2021 1. After esophagectomy the esophagus is replaced by the most: a. Colon b. Small intestine c. Stomach d. Left side of colon 2. Pneumoperitoneum is caused by: a. Bleeding into the abdominal cavity b. Inflammatory disease of the abdominal cavity c. The perforation of a hollow organ in the abdominal cavity d. Gastrointestinal obstruction 3. Esophageal varices bleeding can be stopped with: a. Nasogastric tube b. Nasojejunal tube c. Sengstaken – Blakemore tube d. Not using any tube at all 4. The most common malignant neoplasm of the small bowel is: a. Primary adenocarcinoma b. Lymphoma c. Malignant GIST d. Metastatic neoplasm 5. The most common postoperative complication after appendectomy is: a. Infection b. Death c. Depp vein thrombosis d. Colocutaneous fistula 6. A prevention of thromboembolism include: a. Beta blockers b. Analgesics c. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) d. Glucocorticoids 7. Which of the following is not a risk factor for gastric adenocarcinoma? a. Helicobacter pylori infection b. Diets high to protein c. Pernicious anemia d. Cigarette smoking 8. The most common symptom affecting patients with acute abdomen is: a. Pain b. Fever c. Nausea d. Vomitus 9. Which of the following statement is false about acute pancreatitis? a. Patients suffer severe pain localized in epigastrium, right hypochondrium or back b. Can be caused by biliary stones c. Intraabdominal pressure can arise d. Administration of antibiotics is always necessary 10. In evaluating patients with acute abdominal pain, the most effective tools for diagnosing appendicitis are: a. Computer tomography b. Ultrasound c. Complete blood cell count d. History and physical examination 11. The term bleeding from upper GI understand bleeding of: a. Esophagus, stomach, until duodenojejunal flexure b. Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum c. Esophagus, stomach d. Esophagus, stomach, duodenojejunal flexure were observed to the ileum 12. Massive hemorrhage appears: a. Melena, enterorrhagies, pyrosis b. Hypertension, hematemesis, melena c. Melena, enterorrhagies, hematemesis d. All arguments are correct 13. The most common cause of massive bleeding from the upper GIT is: a. Gastroduodenal peptic ulcer b. Esophagus c. Erosive gastritis d. All arguments are correct 14. Acute abdominal pain emergency (AAE) is divided into: a. Traumatic and ileus AAE b. Nontraumatic and accident AAE c. Atraumatic and ileus AAE d. Ileus and inflammatory AAE 15. Mechanical ileus may be caused by: a. Adhesions in the abdominal cavity b. Volvulus c. Invagination d. All arguments are correct 16. Cardinal symptoms of AAE are (acute abdominal pain emergency): a. Abdominal pain, vomiting, stop passing wind and stool b. Vomiting, stop passing wind and stool, enterorrhagia c. Melena, vomiting, abdominal pain d. Nausea and vomiting 17. AAE include (acute abdominal pain emergency): a. Appendicitis, acute pancreatitis, colorectal cancer b. Ruptured spleen, gall bladder colic, acute pancreatitis c. Appendicitis, gallstones, GERD d. Barrett’s esophagus, acute pancreatitis, ruptured spleen 18. Crohn’s disease: a. Affects most in ileum b. Manifest pain, diarrhea, weight loss c. Together with ulcerative colitis are among IBD d. All are correct 19. Familial adenomatous polyposis is: a. Hereditary precancerous b. Most commonly affects the small intestine c. Is not one of precancerous d. No one answer is correct 20. Hemoragy occult test has long been used for screening events for: a. Carcinoma of the esophagus b. Colorectal cancer c. Hemorrhoids d. Perianal fissures Surgery 3 – new hospital 1. The most common gastrointestinal cancer is: a. Gastric cancer b. Colorectal cancer c. Pancreatic cancer d. Primary liver cancer 2. In case of colonic cancer locate in the cecum, the primary operation is: a. Local exciton b. Ileocecal resection c. Right hemicolectomy d. Cecostomy 3. Primary investigation in case of intestinal obstruction is: a. CT scan b. Abdominal ultrasound c. Plan abdominal X-ray d. Barium swallow 4. Chronic anemia is the most common symptom of cancer located in: a. Cecum b. Splenic flexure c. Sigmoid colon d. Rectum 5. Changing pattern of defecation and quality of stool is typical for cancer located in: a. Cecum b. Hepatic flexure c. Transverse colon d. Sigmoid colon and rectum 6. The main role of lymphadenectomy in onco-surgery is: a. To remove as much cancer as possible b. To stratify prognosis if the disease and need for adjuvant oncological treatment c. Lymphadenectomy is not important d. None of the above 7. Screening programmed for cancer is deficient if: a. Prevalence of cancer is relatively high b. Treatment option yield good results c. Screening tools are available, and compliance of patient is high d. All the above 8. Definitive diagnosis of colorectal cancer is based on: a. Colonoscopy b. Histology c. Imaging d. Clinical examination 9. TNM classification for cancer is used for: a. Grading b. Staging c. Diagnosis d. All the above 10. Neoadjuvant oncological treatment means: a. Surgery first, oncological treatment second b. Oncological treatment only c. Oncological treatment first, surgery second d. Application of new chemotherapeutic agents 11. Preferred treatment option for Chron’s disease is: a. Surgery b. Conservative management c. Special diet d. Transplantation of small bowel 12. The most common symptom of bleeding from gastrointestinal peptic ulcer is: a. Trans anal bleeding b. Melanic stool c. Hematemesis d. Chronic anemia 13. To confirm the diagnosis of gastrointestinal perforation we are looking for: a. Pneumoperitoneum b. Free fluid in the abdomen c. Clinical sign of peritonitis d. All the above 14. The most common imaging methods used to detect pneumoperitoneum is: a. Ultrasound b. Plain X-ray of the abdomen c. CT d. NMR 15. Sengstaken–Blakemore tube is used to: a. Derive gastric juice b. Make endotracheal intubation easier c. Compress esophageal varices d. Apply enteral nutrition 16. In cause of upper GI bleeding the prefer diagnosis tool is: a. CT scan b. Angiography c. Endoscopy d. Ultrasound 17. The most common reason for enterorrhagia is: a. Peptic ulcer b. Cron’s disease c. Colorectal cancer d. Angiodysplasia 18. Meckel diverticulum is lakeside in: a. Esophagus b. Stomach c. Ileum d. Colon 19. Acute appendicitis is confirmed by: a. Ultrasound b. Clinical findings c. Laboratory test d. Histology 20. The reason of multiple recurrent gastroduodenal peptic ulceration may be: a. Insulinoma b. Lipoma c. Gastronome d. Glucagonoma 21. Which of the following is a thromboembolism preventative agent? a. Beta-blockers b. Analgesics c. Low molecular weight heparin d. Glucocorticoids 22. Fecal occult blood test is used for: a. Esophagus carcinoma b. Colorectal cancer c. Hemorrhoids d. Perianal fissure