4th Semester Political Thought: Western Traditions PDF

MAHATMA GANGHI UNIVERSITY+ (Private Registration) B.A POLITICAL SCIENCE C.B.C.S IV SEMESTER CORE COURSE - POLITICAL THOUGHT:WESTERN TRADITIONS MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS &ANSWER KEY...

MAHATMA GANGHI UNIVERSITY+ (Private Registration) B.A POLITICAL SCIENCE C.B.C.S IV SEMESTER CORE COURSE - POLITICAL THOUGHT:WESTERN TRADITIONS MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS &ANSWER KEY 1.The history of political philosophy has been identified with the history of the quest for................ (a)Justice (b)Liberty (c) power(d) Organisation 2.Socrates was a Greek ______ (a) Philosopher (b) Singer (c) Composer (d) Poet 3.Who is the student of Socrates? (a) Aristotle (b) Plato(c) Aristophanes (d) None of these 4.Who is the contemporary of Socrates? (a)Aristophanes(b) Aristotle(c) Homer (d) None of these 5.According to Plato, Socratesfather was: (a)Sophroniscus (b) Aristophanes (c) Lamprocles (d) Zenexenus 6.Socrates says that "all that the soul endures, if directed by _______ ends happiness." (a)Virtue (b) Wisdom(c) Prophets (d) Truth 7.In Plato’s state the government is run by : (a) Workers (b) Philosophers (c) Soldiers (d) Constitution 8.According to the Philosophy of Plato, the fundamental character of philosopher is (a) Courage (b) Wisdom (c) Appetite (d) None of the above 9.“True knowledge exists in knowing that you know nothing” said by (a)Socrates (b) Aristotle(c) Homer (d) Plato 10.Socrates was awarded punishment: (a)Death (b) Fine (c) Banishment from Athens (d) Imprisonment for 3 years 11.According to Socrates, the soul is: (a) Infinitely large (b) Inherently virtuous(c) Corruptible (d) Immortal 12.According to Socrates, learning is a kind of: (a)Recollection (b) Virtue(c) Political skill (d) Gift of the gods 13.Who was the founder of Western philosophy? (a)Socrates (b) Aristotle (c) Plato (d) None of these 14.Socrates has become renowned for his contribution to the field of: (a) Ethics (b) Economics(c) Chemistry (d) None of these 15.Who said, "No one errs or does wrong willingly or knowingly"? (a) Plato (b) Socrates(c) Xenophon (d) Aristotle 16.Who said, "Virtue - all virtue - is knowledge"? (a) Socrates (b) Xenophon (c) Plato (d) Aristotle 17. Who said, "Virtue is sufficient for happiness"? (a)Plato (b) Socrates(c) Xenophon (d) Aristotle 18.______ was a Classical Greek philosopher, mathematician, writer of philosophical dialogues, and founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world: (a) Plato (b Aristotle(c) Socrates (d) None of these 19.Plato is the author of: (a) Republic(b) Social Contract (c) History of Political Thought (d) None of these 20.The idea that “Virtue is knowledge” is attributed to: (a) Aristotle (b) Plato (c) Montesquieu (d) Socrates 21’.Political Science begins and ends with the state’ is said by: (a) Aristotle (b) Professor Garner (c) Paul Janet (d) None of these 22.According to Plato ,the following are the three elements in man: (a) Reason, Justice , Equality (b) Reason, Spirit , Appetite (c) Justice, Liberty , Equality ( d) Reason, Spirit, Justice 23. 'The Great but ungrateful pupil of his Master who was born in 384 BC was: (a) Socrates (b) Aristotle (c) Cicero (d) None of these 24.The Fascism of Plato got birth in 4th Century BC, whereas the modern Fascism is the Product of early: (a) 18th Century (b) 19th Century (c) 20th Century (d) None of these 25. The author of the book ‘Statesman’ is: (a) Aristotle (b) Machiavelli (c) Plato(d) None of these 26. In Plato’s Ideal State, one reaches at the pinnacle of the State order at the age of: (a) 35b) 40 (c) 50 (d) None of these 27. Plato found the Academy in: (a)385 B.C. (b) 381 B.C. (c) 387 B.C. (d) 315 B.C. 28. Aristotle found his own school in: (a)225 B.C (b) 415 B.C.(c) 335 B.C. (d) 315 B.C. 29.Aristotle found his own school which was known as (a)The Lyceum (b) Academy (c) Institution (d) Leader 30.According to Aristotle which is the bad government of the rich: (a) Tyranny (b) Oligarchy(c) Democracy (d) None of these 31. The ideas of Aristotle are more acceptable to the West than Plato’s because he propagated: (a) Rule of law(b) Democracy (c) Tyranny (d) None of these 32.Who is regarded as the father of political science? (a)Plato ( b) Machiavelli (c) Aristotle(d)Karl Marx 33. Who has put forth the idea of Omnipotent Sovereign? ( a) Rousseau(b) Hobbes(c) Locke(d) J.S.Mill 34. According to Aristotle the end of State is:- (a) Logical (b) Legal (c) Ethical (d) None of these 35. Who regards democracy as a perverted form of government? (a) JS Mill(b) Aristotle(c) TH Green (d)Bentham 36.Plato’s system of communism s meant only for (a) Soldiers and workers (b) Philosophers and soldiers (c) Philosophers, soldiers and workers (d) Philosophers and workers 37.Who defined justice as “treating equals equally and unequalsunequally”? (a) JS Mill(b) Aristotle(c) TH Green (d)Bentham 38.Who identified democracy with mobocracy? (a)Socrates (b)Aristotle(c)Plato (d) Kant 39.The book ‘ Politics’ is written by (a)Plato (b)Aristotle (c) Hegel (d) Engels 40.The doctrine of proportional equality was propounded by (a)Socrates (b)Aristotle(c)Plato (d) Kant 41.The principle of distributive justice was first propounded by (a)Aristotle (b)Plato (c)Kant (d) Bentham 42................believed the natural organism of the state. (a)Aristotle (b)Plato (c)Kant (d) Bentham 43.According to Aristotle,,,,,,,.........is the best form of government. (a) Monarchy(b)Oligarchy (c)Polity(d) Aristocracy 44.The term, "anarchism" has been derived from the word 'anarchia' which is basically a: (a) Greek word (b) Latin word(c) French word(d) None of these 45.A Discourse on the origin of Inequality and Social Contract was presented by: (a) Hobbes (b) Locke (c) Rousseau(d) None of these 46. ‘Emile’is a book written by _____ on education ((a) Hobbes (b) Locke (c) Rousseau(d) None of these 47. The General Will is the political concept of: (a) J. J. Rousseau (b) Hobbes (c) Locke (d) None of these 48.Rousseau’s political philosophy furnished basis for: (a) Political sovereignty (b) Limited sovereignty (c) Popular sovereignty (d) Absolute sovereignty (e) None of these. 49.What do people get in return for surrendering their freedom to an absolute monarch, according to Rousseau? (a) Preservation (b) Security (c) Peace (d) Nothing of any value 50.Jean-Jacques Rousseau was born on: (a) 28th June 1711 (b) 28th June 1712(c) 26th June 1713 (d) 28th June 1714 51.Jean-Jacques Rousseau was born in: (a)London, Britain (b)Geneva, Switzerland (c) Ermenonville, France (d) None of these 52. How does Rousseau describe man in his primal natural state? (a) A Noble Savage (b) Solitary, nasty and brutish (c) A blank state (d) Totally corrupted 53. Rousseau felt that social living corrupted us leading to such ills as private property and social classes. Which of the following is his famous phrase arising from this reasoning? (a)Workers of the world unite (b) Men will never be free until the last king is strangled with the entrails of the last priest (c) Put the child in his place and keep him there (d)Man was born free, but he is everywhere in chains 54. What was Rousseau's remedy for the corruption and slavery of civilized society? (a) A new social contract (b) Democratic reforms (c) Revolution (d) Socialism 55. In Rousseau's view, what would constitute true liberty? (a)Free enterprise, unrestrained by government interference (b) A Republic in which there is universal suffrage (for property owning males) (c) Replacement of autocratic governments by Athenian style democracy (d) Submission to the "general will" of the citizenry 56. Who among the following used the expression “ forced to be free “ in connection with the liberty of the individual (a)Rousseau (b)Locke (c) Green (d)Hobhouse 57.‘Social Contract’ is a book written by (a) Hobbes (b) Locke (c) Rousseau (d) Bentham 58.Who among the following thinkers distinguished between “Real will” and “Actual will” (a)Rousseau (b) Green (c)Kant (d)Locke 59.Who argues that sovereignty can never be alienated, divided or represented? (a)Hegel (b) Locke (c)Rousseau (d) Bentham 60.“A thinking man is a deprived animal” Who said? (a)Hobbes (b) locke (c)Rousseau (d)Bentham 61. The concept of forced freedom was first enunciated by (a)Hobbes (b) Locke (c) Rousseau (d) TH Green 62.Which one of the following theories regards the state as the result of an agreement entered into by man who originally had no governmental organisation? (a)Divine origin theory (b) Social Contract theory (c)Force theory (d) Matriarchal theory 63. The theory of social contract primarily seeks (a)To explore the historical origin of the state (b)To explain the basis of political obligation (c) To justify the status quo(d) To bring out a radical transformation of society by revolution 64. General will is the sum total of (a) Real will (b) Actual will (c) Strong will (d) Supreme will 65. “ I authorise and give up my right of governing myself to this man , or this assembly of man, on this condition , that thou give up thy right to him and authorise all his action in like manner” With whose name is this expression associated (a)Hobbes (b) Locke (c)Rousseau (d) Marx 66. Why is the Leviathan called 'artificial'? (a)It is outside of nature (b) It is manufactured by humans(c) It is only a fictional civilization (d) It is outside of nature, and it is manufactured by humans 67. Hobbesian social contract is based on: (a) Desire for peace (b) Selfishness (c) Fear (d) Completion (e) None of these. 68. ‘Leviathan’ is written by: (a) Thomas Hobbes (b) Hegel (c) Locke (d) None of these 69. What is the original source for the name "Leviathan"? (a)Hobbes's Leviathan (b) The of job(c) John Milton's Paradise Lost (d) Homer's Iliad 70. How does matter move in Hobbes's philosophy? (a)Matter moves itself (b) Matter is animated by the spirit(c) Matter moves only when pushed by other matter (d) Matter Li directly controlled by God 71. In the state of nature why will two natural men inevitably fight if they desire the same thing? (a)They are naturally equal (b) If they were altruistic they would be exploited (c) Scarcity of resources (d) All of the above 72. His social contract represents the triumph of reason rather than hard necessity”this statement is true of (a) Hobbes(b) Locke (c) Rousseau (d) Bentham 73. Who recognises that even in the primitive natural state there are in some sense laws of nature? (a) Hobbes(b) Locke (c) Rousseau (d) Bentham 74.Who attempted to justify English revolution of 1688? (a)Hegel(b) Locke(c) Rousseau (d) Bentham 75. “An essay concerning Human Understanding” is written by: (a) Thomas Hobbes (b) John Locke (c) J. J. Rousseau (d) None of these 76. “Justice is giving everyone his due” is said by: (a) Rousseau (b) Hobbes (c) Aristotle (d) None of these 77.Which of the political philosophers was more admitted by the American Founding Fathers, and his thoughts on the importance of private property were reflected in the drafting and historical development of the American Constitution. (a) John Locke (b) Thomas Hobbes (c) Rousseau (d) None of these 78.Locke laid down that state is: (a) An end in itself (b) Means to an end (c) Unavoidable evil (d) Legal necessity (e) None of these. 79. According to John Locke, the best form of Government is: (a) Monarchy (b) Aristocracy (c) Democracy(d) None of these 80.Which one of the following political thinkers was the first exponent of the liberal theory of states ? (a)T.H. Green (b) Hobbes (c) Jean Jacques Rousseau (d) John Locke 81.In describing the ‘State of nature’ the concept of ‘the veil of ignorance was introduced by (a) Hobbes (b) Locke (c) Rousseau (d)Rawls 82. The view that property is natural rights of man is associated with (a)Aristotle (b) St Augustine (c) Locke (d) Hegel 83. The liberal democratic theory of representation is based on the principle that the people are supreme and have the right to elect and remove the government.The origin of this theory is chiefly traced to (a)Hegel(b) Locke(c) Rousseau (d) Bentham 84. Locke distinguished between (a)State and government (b)State and sovereignty(c) legislative power and Judicial review (d) monarchy and Constitutional monarchy 85. Who said “Where there is no law, there is no freedom?” (a) Karl Marx (b) Locke(c) Herbert Spencer (d) Adam Smith 86. According to Hobbes and Locke Right to life liberty and property are given by (a)State (b)Nature (c)Society (d)Association 87. The rule of law means (a) Law is supreme(b) The president is Supreme (c)Parliament is supreme (d)None of these 88. The statement “where there is no law,there is no freedom” refers to (a)Liberty and equality (b) Justice and equality(c)Rights and Justice (d)Law and liberty 89.The three natural rights mentioned by Locke are (a)Right to life, liberty and property (b)Right to life, work and religion (c) Right to life, property and religion(d) Right to life, religion and family 90.Subordination of state to...............is a characteristic of the philosophy of St Thomas Aquinas. (a) Church (b)Morals (c) Law(d) Rules 91.Doctrine of ….. presents a reconciliation of St Augustine and Aristotle. (a)St Thomas Aquinas (b) Nicholo Machiavelli (c) Bentham (d) Hegel 92.Suma Theologica is a famous work by………… (a)Plato (b) Aristotle (c) Nicholo Machiavelli (d) St Thomas Aquinas 93.‘De-Regmine Pricipium’ is written by…………… (a)St Thomas Aquinas(b) Nicholo Machiavelli (c) Bentham (d) Hegel 94. Aquinas favoured …………..is the best form of government for several reasons. (a)Limited Monarchy (b) Aristocracy (c) Democracy (d)Oligarchy 95...........according to Aquinas has authority to ex- communicate the ruler (a) Church (b) State (c) Civil Society (d) Courts 96. Four fold classification of laws was given by………….. (a)St Thomas Aquinas (b) Nicholo Machiavelli (c) Bentham (d) Hegel 97. By............... Aquinas meant substantially revelation (a)Human Law (b) divine law (c)Eternal law(d) Natural law 98. According to Aquinas............... is a type of law which governs both animate and inanimate kingdom (a)Human Law (b) divine law (c)Eternal law(d) Natural law 99. With ……….. began modern political philosophy. (a)Aquinas(b) Bentham (c) Mill (d) Machiavelli 100.The work ‘Discourse’ is by (a) Machiavelli (b) Marx (c) Lenin (d) Engels 101. Who learned the idea of separation of ethics and politics from Aristotle (a) Aquinas(b) Marx (c) Machiavelli (d) Engels 102. Machiavelli followed………… method in his political philosophy. (a)Legal (b) historical (c) Institutional (d)Cultural 103. According to..............man is always termed as creature of habits (a)Aquinas(b) Marx (c) Machiavelli (d) Engels 104. Who was the first political thinker who brought the concept of state in political science (a)Machiavelli (b) St Thomas Aquinas (c)Engels (d)Hitler 105........................is the masterpiece of Machiavelli and is generally taken as the source of his political philosophy. (a) Prince (b) Discourse (c)The mandrake (d) The Art of war 106.‘Felicific Calculus’ was the contribution of: (a) Bentham (b) Aristotle (c) Plato (d) J. S. Mill (e) None of these. 107. Founder of utilitarian school of thought was: (a) Edmund Burk (b) Jeremy Bentham (c) J.S. Mill (d) James Mill 108.He is known as the founding father of Utilitarianism: (a) James Mill (b) Jeremy Bentham (c) C. Wright Mills (d) None of these 109.“Traits –de- legislation” is a book written by (a) J S Mill (b) Bentham (c) Thomas Hobbes (d) None of these 110.Greatest happiness of the greatest number is the contribution of.................... (a) Mill(b)Green (c) Bentham (d)Kant 111’.Liberty is nothing to do with utility’ says....... (a)Mill (b)Green (c) Bentham (d) Rousseau 112.Human beings are governors of two masters , pleasure and pain. (a) Hegel (b) Marx (c) Bentham (d) Green 113.Fragments of Government is written by................ (a)St Thomas Aquinas (b) Nicholo Machiavelli (c)Aristotle (d) Jeremy Bentham 114.Whether an action is good or bad should be judged from the happiness or utility which it produces. This observation belongs to (a)Jeremy Bentham (b) Nicholo Machiavelli (c)Aristotle (d) St Thomas Aquinas 115. Plato’s ‘Republic’ contains his ideas about (a) Justice (b) Theory of state (c) Theory of education (d) all of the above 116.Bentham supported the theory of..................... (a)Natural rights (b) historical rights (c)Legal rights (d)ethical rights 117. “It is better to be human being dissatisfied than a pig satisfied : better be Socrates dissatisfied than a fool satisfied” This observation is (a) The reaffirmation of hedonistic utilitarianism (b) An improvement of hedonism(c) A repudiation of hedonism (d) A form of moral intuitionism 118.Which one of the following is the essential pre requisite of constitutionalism (a)A limited government (b)Written constitution (c) Guarantee of fundamental rights (d) Division of powers 119.The book ___________ is written by J.S.Mill. (a) On Liberty (b) Two Cities (c) City of Joy (d) City Lights 120. Principles of Political Economy is a work by........................ (a) Hegel(b) Marx (c) J S Mill (d) Lenin 121. Subjection of Women is a work by......................... (a) Hegel(b) Marx (c) J S Mill (d)Lenin 122....................is the champion of individualism and liberty (a) J S Mill (b)Plato (c) Aristotle (d) Locke 123. Over himself , over his own body and mind the individual is sovereign.” (a)Hobbes (b) Green (c) J S Mill (d) Engels 124. “It is better to be human being dissatisfied than a pig satisfied : better be Socrates dissatisfied than a fool satisfied” Who said (a) J S Mill (b) Hobbes (c) Locke (d) Rousseau 125................... stood for qualitative pleasure. (a) Hobbes (b) Kant (c) J S Mill (d) Marx 126. "Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation (1789)" Was written by: (a) Jeremy Bentham (b) J.S. Mill (c) John Locke (d) None of these 127................favoured the idea of plurality of votes (a)TH Green (b) Karl Marx (c) JS Mill (d) Jeremy Bentham 128. According to JS Mill,......................is not an ideal form of government. (a) Polity (b) Oligarchy (c) Democracy (d) Aristocracy 129. According to............. the reading of this book was an epoch in my life, one of the turning points in my mental history. (a)Green (b) Bentham (c) J S Mill (d) Rousseau 130.The view that every law of the state enlarges individual freedom is associated with.............. (a)Idealists (b) Individualists (c) Syndicalists (d) Marxists 131.The positive theory of liberty was advocated by (a)Mill (b)Green (c)Hegel (d)Marx 132. Individualism advocated................... (a)Maximum state control over the individual(b) least state interference in the affairs of the state (c) Concentration of all powers in the hands of a single ruler (d) Guarantee of individual liberty through law 133.T H Green is...................... (a) an idealist (b) an anarchist (c) Utilitarian (d) realist 134. According to............., State is the source of all rights. (a)T H Green(b)Bentham(c)Locke (d) Chomsky 135. Which of the following is TH Green’s definition of rights? (a)Right is a reasonable claim (b) Right is a power claimed and recognised and contributory to common good(c) Rights those conditions essential to the development of human personality (d) Rights are those social conditions without which no man can be at best self 136.The view that the state is “an ethical institution which is indispensable for the full moral development of man” is attributed to (a)Classical Liberals (b) Guild Socialists (c) Idealists (d) TH Green 137. According to Aquina’s, which one of the following is” the mind of god” (a) Natural law (b) Eternal law (c) Divine law ( d) Human law 138. Man is a political animal and as such is bound to obey the state.People can resist the state authority only for the achievement of common good. (a)Mill (b)Hegel (c)Lenin(d) T H Green 139. According to...............the state should try to remove hindrances which stand in the moral development of individual”. (a) T H Green (b) Marx (c)Hegel (d) Engels 140. “Man is a moral being and tries to seek moral perfection “says......... (a)Kant (b) Mill (c) Marx (d) T H Green 141.Who among the following thinkers held that “Human consciousness postulates, liberty, liberty involves rights and rights demand state” (a)Hegel (b)Green (c) Mill (d) Marx 142.Which of the following goals is the immediate aim of the Communists? (a)The unification of the proletariat into a ruling class, (b) The overthrow of the bourgeois supremacy (c) Both (a) & (b) (d) None of these 143.The philosophical concepts of Marxism are in part derived from (a) Hegel(b) Locke (c) Rousseau (d) Bentham 144.’Phenomenology’ of mind is a work by............... (a) Hegel (b) Green(c) Marx (d) Hegel 145.Encyclopaedia of the Philosophical Sciences is a work by................... (a) Marx(b) Engels(c) Kant (d) Hegel 146. The positive theory of liberty was advocated by (a) JS Mill(b) Aristotle (c) TH Green (d)Plato 147. Philosophy of Right (1831) is a work by................. (a)Marx (b) Engels (c) Lenin(d) Hegel 148.Civil society was an antithesis of...............and people joins it for realising their selfish interests. (a)State (b) history(c) Religion (d) Family 149.According to.......... , state is divine origin and the essence of state is freedom. (a) Lenin (b) Marx (c) Engels (d) Hegel 150.To...............State is the march of god on earth. (a) Lenin (b) Marx (c) Engels (d) Hegel 151. According to...........’dialectic explain the logic of history’ (a)Kant (b) Rousseau (c) Engels (d) Hegel 152.Who was the founder of Hegelianism and Historicism? (a) George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (b) H. Jackson (c) Immanuel Kant (d) Horn, David Bayne 153.George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel was a: (a) Britain Philosopher (b) German philosopher(c) Russian philosopher (d) American philosopher 154. Who was the creator of German Idealism? (a)Immanuel Kant (b) George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel(c) Jeans Jacques Rousseau (d) None of these 155.The Elements of the Philosophy of Right, his political philosophy was published in: (a)1820 (b) 1825 (c)1830 (d)1834 156. Karl ,Marx and F. Engels Co- authored (a)Das capital (b) The Poverty of philosophy (c) ThePrince (d)German Ideology 157.Who argued that democracy and capitalism cannot go together? (a)Marxists (b)Anarchists (c) Socialists (d)Idealists 158.Marx was in favour of abolishing (a)Private property (b)General property (c)All property (d)Public property 159.“The state is a machine maintaining the rule of one class over the other” This was said by (a)Karl Marx (b)Lenin (c)Engels (d)Hitler 160.Who has been generally associated with the introduction of the doctrine of Socialism (a)Karl Marx (b)Lenin (c)Engels (d)Hitler 161. Marx believed that equality in a society could be established only when (a)All individuals were given political freedom (b) Class contradictions were removed(c) Rule of law was established (d) Separation of powers was practiced 162.In marx’s metaphor , base –super structural base refers to (a)Forces of production and relations of production (b)Social and legal institutions (c)Relations of production (d)Class struggle 163.……………. is the famous book written by Karl max (a) Prince (b) Das Capital (c) On Liberty (d) Republic 164. Dictatorship of the Proletariat is one of the concepts of: (a) Karl Marx (b) Max Weber (c) MaoZedong (d) None of these 165.Author of the book ‘Capital’ is”: (a) Karl Marx (b) Lenin (c) Mao (d) None of these 166.The concept of ‘Surplus Value’ is given by: (a) Mao (b) Lenin (c) Marx (d) None of these 167.The theory of ‘Surplus Value’ as a part of communistic philosophy was the contribution of: (a) Karl Marx (b) Trotsky (c) Fredrick Angel (d) Lenin 168.The slogan”Land bread and peace” is associated with (a)French Revolution (b) Russian revolution(c) American revolution (d)Glorious revolution 169.The immoral effects of private property on man and society has been analysed by (a) Communist manifesto(b) Poverty of Philosophy (c)Economic and philosophical manuscripts (d)Holy family 170.The Marxian theory of Surplus Value is largely derived of the theory of (a)Adam Smith (b)Ricardo(c) Malthus(d) John Stuart Mill 171. The economic theory of Rights is associated with (a) Karl Marx (b) Locke (c) Herbert Spencer (d) Adam Smith 172.According to Marx , ultimately the governing society would be (a)From each according to his ability and to each according to his needs (b) From each according to his ability and to each according to his status (c) From each according to his exploitation and to each according to his principles (d) From each according to his freedom and to each according to his justice 173Who wrote the Communist Manifesto with Marx? (a)Vladimir Lenin (b) Joseph Stalin(c) Friedrich Engels (d) None of these 174. Where was Karl Marx born? (a) Trier,Germany (b) Berlin, Germany (c) Bonn, Germany (d) None of these 175.............used to characterise state as an engine of despotism’ (a)Lenin (b) Hegel (c) Marx (d) Engels 176. The Bolshevik movement in Russia was led by: (a) Stalin (b) Trotsky (c) Lenin (d) None of these 177. According to Lenin the.............tries to crush the working class. (a)Capitalists(b) Government(c) Liberals (d) Socialists 178.Lenin used to characterise................is the product of the irreconcilability of class antagonisms. (a)State (b) Civil Society (c) Political Society (d) none of these 179...............laid much more stress on revolutionary side of Marxian Philosophy. (a)Green (b) Bentham(c) Lenin (d) Engels 180...........define imperialism as “the final stage of capitalism beyond which it could go no further”. (a) Lenin (b) Gramsci(c)Chomsky(d) Green 181. According to..................Imperialism is the product of highly developed industrialism and capitalism’ (a)Marx (b) Voltaire (c) Lenin (d) Gramsci 182. According to...................revolution is an essential step towards socialism (a) Lenin(b)Marx (c)Engels(d)Hegel 183. Who was the staunch supporter of Karl Marx. (a)Hegel (b) Marx(c)Engels (d) Lenin 184................ wanted action should follow theory and vice versa. (a) Marx (b) Engels(c) Lenin (d) Green 185. The book ‘what is to be done?’ is written by (a)Marx(b) Lenin (c) Hegel (d) Engels 186. Lenin’s first important theoretical work relates to (a) Factors of production (b)Organisation of the party(c) Industry (d) Peasant movements 187. Who said that “all nations will arrive at socialism”? (a)Karl Marx (b) Lenin (c) Mao (d) None of these 188.The philosophy of …….may be regarded the important link between classical Marxism and neo Marxism (a) Gramsci (b) Marx (c) Lenin (d) Engels 189.‘Prison notebooks’ is a famous work by….. (a) Engels (b) Marx (c) Lenin (d) Gramsci 190. According to Gramsci ………………which applies coercion tomaintain its domination (a)Civil Society(b) State(c) Church (d) political society 191.According to Gramsci............which seeks to obtain consent of the citizens to maintain its domination (a)Civil society (b) political society (c) State (d) Church 192. Structures associated with……… are called structures of legitimation (a)Base (b)Religion (c) Morals (d) superstructure 193.According to ……………,the institution of civil society familiarize the citizens with the rule of behaviour and teach them to show natural respect to the authority of the ruling classes (a) Gramsci (b) Marx (c) Lenin (d) Engels 194. Gramsci observed that, when power is apparently exercised with the consent of his subjects ,it is called (a)Monopoly(b) Imperialism(c) hegemony (d) Domination 195. According to ……., it would be futile to hope that true socialism would automatically grow from the ashes of capitalism (a)Gramsci (b) Marx (c) Lenin (d) Engels 196. The condition of working class in England is a book written by……….. (a)Marx (b)Engels (c) Lenin (d)Hegel 197.…………….. can be said as father of social democratic Marxism (a)Marx (b) Hegel(c) Lenin (d) Engels 198.One of the significant contribution to Marxism in Twentieth century is the concept of ‘The intellectuals’ developed by (a)Lenin (b) Gramsci (c)Engels (d)Hobbes 199.Those who are active against the very existence of state are known as: (a) Fascists (b) Anarchists (c) Socialists (d) None of these 200.’I hate democracy because I love freedom” this observation belongs to a school of thought known as (a)Anarchism (b) Conservatism (c)Totalitarianism (d) Liberalism ___________________________________________________________________________ ANSWER KEY: 1 a 51 b 101 c 151 d 2 a 52 a 102 b 152 a 3 b 53 d 103 c 153 b 4 a 54 a 104 a 154 b 5 a 55 d 105 a 155 a 6 b 56 a 106 a 156 a 7 b 57 c 107 b 157 a 8 B 58 a 108 b 158 a 9 a 59 c 109 b 159 c 10 a 60 c 110 c 160 a 11 d 61 c 111 c 161 b 12 a 62 b 112 c 162 a 13 a 63 b 113 d 163 b 14 a 64 a 114 a 164 a 15 b 65 b 115 d 165 a 16 a 66 d 116 c 166 c 17 d 67 a 117 b 167 a 18 a 68 a 118 a 168 b 19 a 69 b 119 a 169 c 20 d 70 c 120 c 170 b 21 b 71 d 121 c 171 a 22 b 72 a 122 a 172 a 23 b 73 a 123 c 173 c 24 c 74 b 124 a 174 a 25 c 75 b 125 c 175 d 26 c 76 d 126 b 176 c 27 a 77 a 127 c 177 b 28 c 78 c 128 c 178 a 29 a 79 c 129 c 179 c 30 b 80 d 130 a 180 a 31 a 81 b 131 a 181 c 32 c 82 c 132 b 182 a 33 b 83 b 133 a 183 d 34 c 84 d 134 a 184 c 35 b 85 b 135 b 185 b 36 b 86 b 136 c 186 b 37 b 87 b 137 b 187 b 38 b 88 d 138 d 188 a 39 b 89 a 139 a 189 d 40 b 90 a 140 d 190 d 41 a 91 a 141 b 191 a 42 a 92 d 142 c 192 d 43 c 93 a 143 a 193 a 44 b 94 a 144 a 194 c 45 c 95 a 145 d 195 a 46 c 96 a 146 c 196 b 47 a 97 b 147 d 197 d 48 c 98 c 148 d 198 b 49 d 99 d 149 d 199 b 50 b 100 a 150 d 200 a