4.2 Reactions of Acids PDF - AQA

Acids form H+ Alkalis form OH- Salt produced depends on the acid used and positive metal ions ions in water ions in water...

Acids form H+ Alkalis form OH- Salt produced depends on the acid used and positive metal ions ions in water ions in water Methyl Phenolphthalein orange H+ + OH- → H2O Hydrochloric acid produces chlorides, sulfuric acid produces sulfates, nitric Litmus Suitable Metal carbonates Ionic equation of Rough indicator acid produces nitrates react with acids to neutralisation titrations produce salt, water Repeat titrations and carbon dioxide E.g. Zinc + sulfuric acid → zinc sulfate + hydrogen Neutralisation Apparatus Metal oxides and hydroxides react Reactions Titrations with acids to form a Produce salts Find reacting salt and water Reactions with and hydrogen with metals volumes of acids and alkalis Method alkalis and bases Redox Identify which species React acids with insoluble are oxides and which reactions 4.2 REACTIONS OF ACIDS bases to form soluble salts are reduced Excess solid added, E.g. to make copper chloride, filter excess, react copper oxide with crystallise product hydrochloric acid Strong acids Strong and weak acids E.g. Hydrochloric completely acid, nitric acid, ionise in water pH scale Measure of acidity/alkalinity sulfuric acid As the pH decreases by one of a solution unit, the hydrogen ion Weak acids only concentration of the solution partially ionises increases by a factor of 10 KEY in water Ranges from 0-14 Universal indicator or pH probe ‘Chemistry only’ Strength is different written in clouds. to concentration - E.g. ethanoic acid concentration refers Acids have pH7 AQA https://bit.ly/pmt-cc https://bit.ly/pmt-edu https://bit.ly/pmt-cc