40 CFR Part 763 (EPA AHERA) Part 1 PDF

Environmental Protection Agency § 763.80 contaminated surface used in the validation study. Record and keep the results of the validation study as an appendix to the SOP. Include in this appendix, the solvent used to make the spiking solution, the PCB concentration of the spiking solution used to...

Environmental Protection Agency § 763.80 contaminated surface used in the validation study. Record and keep the results of the validation study as an appendix to the SOP. Include in this appendix, the solvent used to make the spiking solution, the PCB concentration of the spiking solution used to contaminate the surfaces in the validation study, and all of the validation study testing parameters and experimental conditions. PART 763—ASBESTOS Subparts A–D [Reserved] Subpart E—Asbestos-Containing Materials in Schools Sec. 763.80 Scope and purpose. 763.83 Definitions. 763.84 General local education agency responsibilities. 763.85 Inspection and reinspections. 763.86 Sampling. 763.87 Analysis. 763.88 Assessment. 763.90 Response actions. 763.91 Operations and maintenance. 763.92 Training and periodic surveillance. 763.93 Management plans. 763.94 Recordkeeping. 763.95 Warning labels. 763.97 Compliance and enforcement. 763.98 Waiver; delegation to State. 763.99 Exclusions. APPENDIX A TO SUBPART E—INTERIM TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY ANALYTICAL METHODS—MANDATORY AND NONMANDATORY—AND MANDATORY SECTION TO DETERMINE COMPLETION OF RESPONSE ACTIONS APPENDIX B TO SUBPART E [RESERVED] APPENDIX C TO SUBPART E—ASBESTOS MODEL ACCREDITATION PLAN APPENDIX D TO SUBPART E—TRANSPORT AND DISPOSAL OF ASBESTOS WASTE APPENDIX E TO SUBPART E—INTERIM METHOD OF THE DETERMINATION OF ASBESTOS IN BULK INSULATION SAMPLES Subpart F [Reserved] rfrederick on PROD1PC67 with CFR Subpart G—Asbestos Worker Protection 763.120 What is the purpose of this subpart? 763.121 Does this subpart apply to me? 763.122 What does this subpart require me to do? 763.123 May a State implement its own asbestos worker protection plan? Subpart H [Reserved] Subpart I—Prohibition of the Manufacture, Importation, Processing, and Distribution in Commerce of Certain AsbestosContaining Products; Labeling Requirements 763.160 Scope. 763.163 Definitions. 763.165 Manufacture and importation prohibitions. 763.167 Processing prohibitions. 763.169 Distribution in commerce prohibitions. 763.171 Labeling requirements. 763.173 Exemptions. 763.175 Enforcement. 763.176 Inspections. 763.178 Recordkeeping. 763.179 Confidential business information claims. AUTHORITY: 15 U.S.C. 2605, 2607(c), 2643, and 2646. Subparts A–D [Reserved] Subpart E—Asbestos-Containing Materials in Schools SOURCE: 52 FR 41846, Oct. 30, 1987, unless otherwise noted. § 763.80 Scope and purpose. (a) This rule requires local education agencies to identify friable and nonfriable asbestos-containing material (ACM) in public and private elementary and secondary schools by visually inspecting school buildings for such materials, sampling such materials if they are not assumed to be ACM, and having samples analyzed by appropriate techniques referred to in this rule. The rule requires local education agencies to submit management plans to the Governor of their State by October 12, 1988, begin to implement the plans by July 9, 1989, and complete implementation of the plans in a timely fashion. In addition, local education agencies are required to use persons who have been accredited to conduct inspections, reinspections, develop management plans, or perform response actions. The rule also includes recordkeeping requirements. Local education agencies may contractually delegate their duties under this rule, but they remain responsible for the proper performance of those duties. 761 VerDate Aug<31>2005 14:36 Aug 06, 2007 Jkt 211171 PO 00000 Frm 00771 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 8010 Y:\SGML\211171.XXX 211171 § 763.83 40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–07 Edition) rfrederick on PROD1PC67 with CFR Local education agencies are encouraged to consult with EPA Regional Asbestos Coordinators, or if applicable, a State’s lead agency designated by the State Governor, for assistance in complying with this rule. (b) Local education agencies must provide for the transportation and disposal of asbestos in accordance with EPA’s ‘‘Asbestos Waste Management Guidance.’’ For convenience, applicable sections of this guidance are reprinted as Appendix D of this subpart. There are regulations in place, however, that affect transportation and disposal of asbestos waste generated by this rule. The transportation of asbestos waste is covered by the Department of Transportation (49 CFR part 173, subpart J) and disposal is covered by the National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) (40 CFR part 61, subpart M). § 763.83 Definitions. For purposes of this subpart: Act means the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), 15 U.S.C. 2601, et seq. Accessible when referring to ACM means that the material is subject to disturbance by school building occupants or custodial or maintenance personnel in the course of their normal activities. Accredited or accreditation when referring to a person or laboratory means that such person or laboratory is accredited in accordance with section 206 of Title II of the Act. Air erosion means the passage of air over friable ACBM which may result in the release of asbestos fibers. Asbestos means the asbestiform varieties of: Chrysotile (serpentine); crocidolite (riebeckite); amosite (cummingtonitegrunerite); anthophyllite; tremolite; and actinolite. Asbestos-containing material (ACM) when referring to school buildings means any material or product which contains more than 1 percent asbestos. Asbestos-containing building material (ACBM) means surfacing ACM, thermal system insulation ACM, or miscellaneous ACM that is found in or on interior structural members or other parts of a school building. Asbestos debris means pieces of ACBM that can be identified by color, texture, or composition, or means dust, if the dust is determined by an accredited inspector to be ACM. Damaged friable miscellaneous ACM means friable miscellaneous ACM which has deteriorated or sustained physical injury such that the internal structure (cohesion) of the material is inadequate or, if applicable, which has delaminated such that its bond to the substrate (adhesion) is inadequate or which for any other reason lacks fiber cohesion or adhesion qualities. Such damage or deterioration may be illustrated by the separation of ACM into layers; separation of ACM from the substrate; flaking, blistering, or crumbling of the ACM surface; water damage; significant or repeated water stains, scrapes, gouges, mars or other signs of physical injury on the ACM. Asbestos debris originating from the ACBM in question may also indicate damage. Damaged friable surfacing ACM means friable surfacing ACM which has deteriorated or sustained physical injury such that the internal structure (cohesion) of the material is inadequate or which has delaminated such that its bond to the substrate (adhesion) is inadequate, or which, for any other reason, lacks fiber cohesion or adhesion qualities. Such damage or deterioration may be illustrated by the separation of ACM into layers; separation of ACM from the substrate; flaking, blistering, or crumbling of the ACM surface; water damage; significant or repeated water stains, scrapes, gouges, mars or other signs of physical injury on the ACM. Asbestos debris originating from the ACBM in question may also indicate damage. Damaged or significantly damaged thermal system insulation ACM means thermal system insulation ACM on pipes, boilers, tanks, ducts, and other thermal system insulation equipment where the insulation has lost its structural integrity, or its covering, in whole or in part, is crushed, waterstained, gouged, punctured, missing, or not intact such that it is not able to contain fibers. Damage may be further illustrated by occasional punctures, gouges or other signs of physical injury to ACM; occasional water damage on 762 VerDate Aug<31>2005 14:36 Aug 06, 2007 Jkt 211171 PO 00000 Frm 00772 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 8010 Y:\SGML\211171.XXX 211171 rfrederick on PROD1PC67 with CFR Environmental Protection Agency § 763.83 the protective coverings/jackets; or exposed ACM ends or joints. Asbestos debris originating from the ACBM in question may also indicate damage. Encapsulation means the treatment of ACBM with a material that surrounds or embeds asbestos fibers in an adhesive matrix to prevent the release of fibers, as the encapsulant creates a membrane over the surface (bridging encapsulant) or penetrates the material and binds its components together (penetrating encapsulant). Enclosure means an airtight, impermeable, permanent barrier around ACBM to prevent the release of asbestos fibers into the air. Fiber release episode means any uncontrolled or unintentional disturbance of ACBM resulting in visible emission. Friable when referring to material in a school building means that the material, when dry, may be crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to powder by hand pressure, and includes previously nonfriable material after such previously nonfriable material becomes damaged to the extent that when dry it may be crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to powder by hand pressure. Functional space means a room, group of rooms, or homogeneous area (including crawl spaces or the space between a dropped ceiling and the floor or roof deck above), such as classroom(s), a cafeteria, gymnasium, hallway(s), designated by a person accredited to prepare management plans, design abatement projects, or conduct response actions. High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) refers to a filtering system capable of trapping and retaining at least 99.97 percent of all monodispersed particles 0.3 µm in diameter or larger. Homogeneous area means an area of surfacing material, thermal system insulation material, or miscellaneous material that is uniform in color and texture. Local education agency means: (1) Any local educational agency as defined in section 198 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 3381). (2) The owner of any nonpublic, nonprofit elementary, or secondary school building. (3) The governing authority of any school operated under the defense dependent’s education system provided for under the Defense Dependents’ Education Act of 1978 (20 U.S.C. 921, et seq.). Miscellaneous ACM means miscellaneous material that is ACM in a school building. Miscellaneous material means interior building material on structural components, structural members or fixtures, such as floor and ceiling tiles, and does not include surfacing material or thermal system insulation. Nonfriable means material in a school building which when dry may not be crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to powder by hand pressure. Operations and maintenance program means a program of work practices to maintain friable ACBM in good condition, ensure clean up of asbestos fibers previously released, and prevent further release by minimizing and controlling friable ACBM disturbance or damage. Potential damage means circumstances in which: (1) Friable ACBM is in an area regularly used by building occupants, including maintenance personnel, in the course of their normal activities. (2) There are indications that there is a reasonable likelihood that the material or its covering will become damaged, deteriorated, or delaminated due to factors such as changes in building use, changes in operations and maintenance practices, changes in occupancy, or recurrent damage. Potential significant damage means circumstances in which: (1) Friable ACBM is in an area regularly used by building occupants, including maintenance personnel, in the course of their normal activities. (2) There are indications that there is a reasonable likelihood that the material or its covering will become significantly damaged, deteriorated, or delaminated due to factors such as changes in building use, changes in operations and maintenance practices, changes in occupancy, or recurrent damage. 763 VerDate Aug<31>2005 14:36 Aug 06, 2007 Jkt 211171 PO 00000 Frm 00773 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 8010 Y:\SGML\211171.XXX 211171 rfrederick on PROD1PC67 with CFR § 763.84 40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–07 Edition) (3) The material is subject to major or continuing disturbance, due to factors including, but not limited to, accessibility or, under certain circumstances, vibration or air erosion. Preventive measures means actions taken to reduce disturbance of ACBM or otherwise eliminate the reasonable likelihood of the material’s becoming damaged or significantly damaged. Removal means the taking out or the stripping of substantially all ACBM from a damaged area, a functional space, or a homogeneous area in a school building. Repair means returning damaged ACBM to an undamaged condition or to an intact state so as to prevent fiber release. Response action means a method, including removal, encapsulation, enclosure, repair, operations and maintenance, that protects human health and the environment from friable ACBM. Routine maintenance area means an area, such as a boiler room or mechanical room, that is not normally frequented by students and in which maintenance employees or contract workers regularly conduct maintenance activities. School means any elementary or secondary school as defined in section 198 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 2854). School building means: (1) Any structure suitable for use as a classroom, including a school facility such as a laboratory, library, school eating facility, or facility used for the preparation of food. (2) Any gymnasium or other facility which is specially designed for athletic or recreational activities for an academic course in physical education. (3) Any other facility used for the instruction or housing of students or for the administration of educational or research programs. (4) Any maintenance, storage, or utility facility, including any hallway, essential to the operation of any facility described in this definition of ‘‘school building’’ under paragraphs (1), (2), or (3). (5) Any portico or covered exterior hallway or walkway. (6) Any exterior portion of a mechanical system used to condition interior space. Significantly damaged friable miscellaneous ACM means damaged friable miscellaneous ACM where the damage is extensive and severe. Significantly damaged friable surfacing ACM means damaged friable surfacing ACM in a functional space where the damage is extensive and severe. State means a State, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the Northern Marianas, the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, and the Virgin Islands. Surfacing ACM means surfacing material that is ACM. Surfacing material means material in a school building that is sprayed-on, troweled-on, or otherwise applied to surfaces, such as acoustical plaster on ceilings and fireproofing materials on structural members, or other materials on surfaces for acoustical, fireproofing, or other purposes. Thermal system insulation means material in a school building applied to pipes, fittings, boilers, breeching, tanks, ducts, or other interior structural components to prevent heat loss or gain, or water condensation, or for other purposes. Thermal system insulation ACM means thermal system insulation that is ACM. Vibration means the periodic motion of friable ACBM which may result in the release of asbestos fibers. § 763.84 General local education agency responsibilities. Each local education agency shall: (a) Ensure that the activities of any persons who perform inspections, reinspections, and periodic surveillance, develop and update management plans, and develop and implement response actions, including operations and maintenance, are carried out in accordance with subpart E of this part. (b) Ensure that all custodial and maintenance employees are properly trained as required by this subpart E and other applicable Federal and/or 764 VerDate Aug<31>2005 14:36 Aug 06, 2007 Jkt 211171 PO 00000 Frm 00774 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 8010 Y:\SGML\211171.XXX 211171 Environmental Protection Agency § 763.85 rfrederick on PROD1PC67 with CFR State regulations (e.g., the Occupational Safety and Health Administration asbestos standard for construction, the EPA worker protection rule, or applicable State regulations). (c) Ensure that workers and building occupants, or their legal guardians, are informed at least once each school year about inspections, response actions, and post-response action activities, including periodic reinspection and surveillance activities that are planned or in progress. (d) Ensure that short-term workers (e.g., telephone repair workers, utility workers, or exterminators) who may come in contact with asbestos in a school are provided information regarding the locations of ACBM and suspected ACBM assumed to be ACM. (e) Ensure that warning labels are posted in accordance with § 763.95. (f) Ensure that management plans are available for inspection and notification of such availability has been provided as specified in the management plan under § 763.93(g). (g)(1) Designate a person to ensure that requirements under this section are properly implemented. (2) Ensure that the designated person receives adequate training to perform duties assigned under this section. Such training shall provide, as necessary, basic knowledge of: (i) Health effects of asbestos. (ii) Detection, identification, and assessment of ACM. (iii) Options for controlling ACBM. (iv) Asbestos management programs. (v) Relevant Federal and State regulations concerning asbestos, including those in this subpart E and those of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor, the U.S. Department of Transportation and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (h) Consider whether any conflict of interest may arise from the interrelationship among accredited personnel and whether that should influence the selection of accredited personnel to perform activities under this subpart. § 763.85 Inspection and reinspections. (a) Inspection. (1) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(2) of this section, be- fore October 12, 1988, local education agencies shall inspect each school building that they lease, own, or otherwise use as a school building to identify all locations of friable and nonfriable ACBM. (2) Any building leased or acquired on or after October 12, 1988, that is to be used as a school building shall be inspected as described under paragraphs (a) (3) and (4) of this section prior to use as a school building. In the event that emergency use of an uninspected building as a school building is necessitated, such buildings shall be inspected within 30 days after commencement of such use. (3) Each inspection shall be made by an accredited inspector. (4) For each area of a school building, except as excluded under § 763.99, each person performing an inspection shall: (i) Visually inspect the area to identify the locations of all suspected ACBM. (ii) Touch all suspected ACBM to determine whether they are friable. (iii) Identify all homogeneous areas of friable suspected ACBM and all homogeneous areas of nonfriable suspected ACBM. (iv) Assume that some or all of the homogeneous areas are ACM, and, for each homogeneous area that is not assumed to be ACM, collect and submit for analysis bulk samples under §§ 763.86 and 763.87. (v) Assess, under § 763.88, friable material in areas where samples are collected, friable material in areas that are assumed to be ACBM, and friable ACBM identified during a previous inspection. (vi) Record the following and submit to the person designated under § 763.84 a copy of such record for inclusion in the management plan within 30 days of the inspection: (A) An inspection report with the date of the inspection signed by each accredited person making the inspection, State of accreditation, and if applicable, his or her accreditation number. (B) An inventory of the locations of the homogeneous areas where samples are collected, exact location where each bulk sample is collected, dates 765 VerDate Aug<31>2005 14:36 Aug 06, 2007 Jkt 211171 PO 00000 Frm 00775 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 8010 Y:\SGML\211171.XXX 211171 rfrederick on PROD1PC67 with CFR § 763.86 40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–07 Edition) that samples are collected, homogeneous areas where friable suspected ACBM is assumed to be ACM, and homogeneous areas where nonfriable suspected ACBM is assumed to be ACM. (C) A description of the manner used to determine sampling locations, the name and signature of each accredited inspector who collected the samples, State of accreditation, and, if applicable, his or her accreditation number. (D) A list of whether the homogeneous areas identified under paragraph (a)(4)(vi)(B) of this section, are surfacing material, thermal system insulation, or miscellaneous material. (E) Assessments made of friable material, the name and signature of each accredited inspector making the assessment, State of accreditation, and if applicable, his or her accreditation number. (b) Reinspection. (1) At least once every 3 years after a management plan is in effect, each local education agency shall conduct a reinspection of all friable and nonfriable known or assumed ACBM in each school building that they lease, own, or otherwise use as a school building. (2) Each inspection shall be made by an accredited inspector. (3) For each area of a school building, each person performing a reinspection shall: (i) Visually reinspect, and reassess, under § 763.88, the condition of all friable known or assumed ACBM. (ii) Visually inspect material that was previously considered nonfriable ACBM and touch the material to determine whether it has become friable since the last inspection or reinspection. (iii) Identify any homogeneous areas with material that has become friable since the last inspection or reinspection. (iv) For each homogeneous area of newly friable material that is already assumed to be ACBM, bulk samples may be collected and submitted for analysis in accordance with §§ 763.86 and 763.87. (v) Assess, under § 763.88, the condition of the newly friable material in areas where samples are collected, and newly friable materials in areas that are assumed to be ACBM. (vi) Reassess, under § 763.88, the condition of friable known or assumed ACBM previously identified. (vii) Record the following and submit to the person designated under § 763.84 a copy of such record for inclusion in the management plan within 30 days of the reinspection: (A) The date of the reinspection, the name and signature of the person making the reinspection, State of accreditation, and if applicable, his or her accreditation number, and any changes in the condition of known or assumed ACBM. (B) The exact locations where samples are collected during the reinspection, a description of the manner used to determine sampling locations, the name and signature of each accredited inspector who collected the samples, State of accreditation, and, if applicable, his or her accreditation number. (C) Any assessments or reassessments made of friable material, the name and signature of the accredited inspector making the assessments, State of accreditation, and if applicable, his or her accreditation number. (c) General. Thermal system insulation that has retained its structural integrity and that has an undamaged protective jacket or wrap that prevents fiber release shall be treated as nonfriable and therefore is subject only to periodic surveillance and preventive measures as necessary. § 763.86 Sampling. (a) Surfacing material. An accredited inspector shall collect, in a statistically random manner that is representative of the homogeneous area, bulk samples from each homogeneous area of friable surfacing material that is not assumed to be ACM, and shall collect the samples as follows: (1) At least three bulk samples shall be collected from each homogeneous area that is 1,000 ft2 or less, except as provided in § 763.87(c)(2). (2) At least five bulk samples shall be collected from each homogeneous area that is greater than 1,000 ft2 but less than or equal to 5,000 ft2, except as provided in § 763.87(c)(2). (3) At least seven bulk samples shall be collected from each homogeneous 766 VerDate Aug<31>2005 14:36 Aug 06, 2007 Jkt 211171 PO 00000 Frm 00776 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 8010 Y:\SGML\211171.XXX 211171 Environmental Protection Agency § 763.88 rfrederick on PROD1PC67 with CFR area that is greater than 5,000 ft2, except as provided in § 763.87(c)(2). (b) Thermal system insulation. (1) Except as provided in paragraphs (b) (2) through (4) of this section and § 763.87(c), an accredited inspector shall collect, in a randomly distributed manner, at least three bulk samples from each homogeneous area of thermal system insulation that is not assumed to be ACM. (2) Collect at least one bulk sample from each homogeneous area of patched thermal system insulation that is not assumed to be ACM if the patched section is less than 6 linear or square feet. (3) In a manner sufficient to determine whether the material is ACM or not ACM, collect bulk samples from each insulated mechanical system that is not assumed to be ACM where cement or plaster is used on fittings such as tees, elbows, or valves, except as provided under § 763.87(c)(2). (4) Bulk samples are not required to be collected from any homogeneous area where the accredited inspector has determined that the thermal system insulation is fiberglass, foam glass, rubber, or other non-ACBM. (c) Miscellaneous material. In a manner sufficient to determine whether material is ACM or not ACM, an accredited inspector shall collect bulk samples from each homogeneous area of friable miscellaneous material that is not assumed to be ACM. (d) Nonfriable suspected ACBM. If any homogeneous area of nonfriable suspected ACBM is not assumed to be ACM, then an accredited inspector shall collect, in a manner sufficient to determine whether the material is ACM or not ACM, bulk samples from the homogeneous area of nonfriable suspected ACBM that is not assumed to be ACM. § 763.87 Analysis. (a) Local education agencies shall have bulk samples, collected under § 763.86 and submitted for analysis, analyzed for asbestos using laboratories accredited by the National Bureau of Standards (NBS). Local education agencies shall use laboratories which have received interim accreditation for polarized light microscopy (PLM) anal- ysis under the EPA Interim Asbestos Bulk Sample Analysis Quality Assurance Program until the NBS PLM laboratory accreditation program for PLM is operational. (b) Bulk samples shall not be composited for analysis and shall be analyzed for asbestos content by PLM, using the ‘‘Interim Method for the Determination of Asbestos in Bulk Insulation Samples’’ found at appendix E to subpart E of this part. (c)(1) A homogeneous area is considered not to contain ACM only if the results of all samples required to be collected from the area show asbestos in amounts of 1 percent or less. (2) A homogeneous area shall be determined to contain ACM based on a finding that the results of at least one sample collected from that area shows that asbestos is present in an amount greater than 1 percent. (d) The name and address of each laboratory performing an analysis, the date of analysis, and the name and signature of the person performing the analysis shall be submitted to the person designated under § 763.84 for inclusion into the management plan within 30 days of the analysis. [52 FR 41846, Oct. 30, 1987, as amended at 60 FR 31922, June 19, 1995] § 763.88 Assessment. (a)(1) For each inspection and reinspection conducted under § 763.85 (a) and (c) and previous inspections specified under § 763.99, the local education agency shall have an accredited inspector provide a written assessment of all friable known or assumed ACBM in the school building. (2) Each accredited inspector providing a written assessment shall sign and date the assessment, provide his or her State of accreditation, and if applicable, accreditation number, and submit a copy of the assessment to the person designated under § 763.84 for inclusion in the management plan within 30 days of the assessment. (b) The inspector shall classify and give reasons in the written assessment for classifying the ACBM and suspected ACBM assumed to be ACM in the school building into one of the following categories: 767 VerDate Aug<31>2005 14:36 Aug 06, 2007 Jkt 211171 PO 00000 Frm 00777 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 8010 Y:\SGML\211171.XXX 211171 rfrederick on PROD1PC67 with CFR § 763.90 40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–07 Edition) (1) Damaged or significantly damaged thermal system insulation ACM. (2) Damaged friable surfacing ACM. (3) Significantly damaged friable surfacing ACM. (4) Damaged or significantly damaged friable miscellaneous ACM. (5) ACBM with potential for damage. (6) ACBM with potential for significant damage. (7) Any remaining friable ACBM or friable suspected ACBM. (c) Assessment may include the following considerations: (1) Location and the amount of the material, both in total quantity and as a percentage of the functional space. (2) Condition of the material, specifying: (i) Type of damage or significant damage (e.g., flaking, blistering, water damage, or other signs of physical damage). (ii) Severity of damage (e.g., major flaking, severely torn jackets, as opposed to occasional flaking, minor tears to jackets). (iii) Extent or spread of damage over large areas or large percentages of the homogeneous area. (3) Whether the material is accessible. (4) The material’s potential for disturbance. (5) Known or suspected causes of damage or significant damage (e.g., air erosion, vandalism, vibration, water). (6) Preventive measures which might eliminate the reasonable likelihood of undamaged ACM from becoming significantly damaged. (d) The local education agency shall select a person accredited to develop management plans to review the results of each inspection, reinspection, and assessment for the school building and to conduct any other necessary activities in order to recommend in writing to the local education agency appropriate response actions. The accredited person shall sign and date the recommendation, provide his or her State of accreditation, and, if applicable, provide his or her accreditation number, and submit a copy of the recommendation to the person designated under § 763.84 for inclusion in the management plan. § 763.90 Response actions. (a) The local education agency shall select and implement in a timely manner the appropriate response actions in this section consistent with the assessment conducted in § 763.88. The response actions selected shall be sufficient to protect human health and the environment. The local education agency may then select, from the response actions which protect human health and the environment, that action which is the least burdensome method. Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit removal of ACBM from a school building at any time, should removal be the preferred response action of the local education agency. (b) If damaged or significantly damaged thermal system insulation ACM is present in a building, the local education agency shall: (1) At least repair the damaged area. (2) Remove the damaged material if it is not feasible, due to technological factors, to repair the damage. (3) Maintain all thermal system insulation ACM and its covering in an intact state and undamaged condition. (c)(1) If damaged friable surfacing ACM or damaged friable miscellaneous ACM is present in a building, the local education agency shall select from among the following response actions: encapsulation, enclosure, removal, or repair of the damaged material. (2) In selecting the response action from among those which meet the definitional standards in § 763.83, the local education agency shall determine which of these response actions protects human health and the environment. For purposes of determining which of these response actions are the least burdensome, the local education agency may then consider local circumstances, including occupancy and use patterns within the school building, and its economic concerns, including short- and long-term costs. (d) If significantly damaged friable surfacing ACM or significantly damaged friable miscellaneous ACM is present in a building the local education agency shall: (1) Immediately isolate the functional space and restrict access, unless 768 VerDate Aug<31>2005 14:36 Aug 06, 2007 Jkt 211171 PO 00000 Frm 00778 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 8010 Y:\SGML\211171.XXX 211171 rfrederick on PROD1PC67 with CFR Environmental Protection Agency § 763.90 isolation is not necessary to protect human health and the environment. (2) Remove the material in the functional space or, depending upon whether enclosure or encapsulation would be sufficient to protect human health and the environment, enclose or encapsulate. (e) If any friable surfacing ACM, thermal system insulation ACM, or friable miscellaneous ACM that has potential for damage is present in a building, the local education agency shall at least implement an operations and maintenance (O&M) program, as described under § 763.91. (f) If any friable surfacing ACM, thermal system insulation ACM, or friable miscellaneous ACM that has potential for significant damage is present in a building, the local education agency shall: (1) Implement an O&M program, as described under § 763.91. (2) Institute preventive measures appropriate to eliminate the reasonable likelihood that the ACM or its covering will become significantly damaged, deteriorated, or delaminated. (3) Remove the material as soon as possible if appropriate preventive measures cannot be effectively implemented, or unless other response actions are determined to protect human health and the environment. Immediately isolate the area and restrict access if necessary to avoid an imminent and substantial endangerment to human health or the environment. (g) Response actions including removal, encapsulation, enclosure, or repair, other than small-scale, short-duration repairs, shall be designed and conducted by persons accredited to design and conduct response actions. (h) The requirements of this subpart E in no way supersede the worker protection and work practice requirements under 29 CFR 1926.58 (Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) asbestos worker protection standards for construction), 40 CFR part 763, subpart G (EPA asbestos worker protection standards for public employees), and 40 CFR part 61, subpart M (National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants—Asbestos). (i) Completion of response actions. (1) At the conclusion of any action to remove, encapsulate, or enclose ACBM or material assumed to be ACBM, a person designated by the local education agency shall visually inspect each functional space where such action was conducted to determine whether the action has been properly completed. (2)(i) A person designated by the local education agency shall collect air samples using aggressive sampling as described in appendix A to this subpart E to monitor air for clearance after each removal, encapsulation, and enclosure project involving ACBM, except for projects that are of small-scale, shortduration. (ii) Local education agencies shall have air samples collected under this section analyzed for asbestos using laboratories accredited by the National Bureau of Standards to conduct such analysis using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) or, under circumstances permitted in this section, laboratories enrolled in the American Industrial Hygiene Association Proficiency Analytical Testing Program for phase contrast microscopy (PCM). (iii) Until the National Bureau of Standards TEM laboratory accreditation program is operational, local educational agencies shall use laboratories that use the protocol described in appendix A to subpart E of this part. (3) Except as provided in paragraphs (i)(4), and (i)(5), of this section, an action to remove, encapsulate, or enclose ACBM shall be considered complete when the average concentration of asbestos of five air samples collected within the affected functional space and analyzed by the TEM method in appendix A of this subpart E, is not statistically significantly different, as determined by the Z-test calculation found in appendix A of this subpart E, from the average asbestos concentration of five air samples collected at the same time outside the affected functional space and analyzed in the same manner, and the average asbestos concentration of the three field blanks described in appendix A of this subpart E is below the filter background level, as defined in appendix A of this subpart E, of 70 structures per square millimeter (70 s/mm2). 769 VerDate Aug<31>2005 14:36 Aug 06, 2007 Jkt 211171 PO 00000 Frm 00779 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 8010 Y:\SGML\211171.XXX 211171 rfrederick on PROD1PC67 with CFR § 763.91 40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–07 Edition) (4) An action may also be considered complete if the volume of air drawn for each of the five samples collected within the affected functional space is equal to or greater than 1,199 L of air for a 25 mm filter or equal to or greater than 2,799 L of air for a 37 mm filter, and the average concentration of asbestos as analyzed by the TEM method in appendix A of this subpart E, for the five air samples does not exceed the filter background level, as defined in appendix A, of 70 structures per square millimeter (70 s/mm2). If the average concentration of asbestos of the five air samples within the affected functional space exceeds 70 s/mm2, or if the volume of air in each of the samples is less than 1,199 L of air for a 25 mm filter or less than 2,799 L of air for a 37 mm filter, the action shall be considered complete only when the requirements of paragraph (i)(3) or (i)(5), of this section are met. (5) At any time, a local education agency may analyze air monitoring samples collected for clearance purposes by phase contrast microscopy (PCM) to confirm completion of removal, encapsulation, or enclosure of ACBM that is greater than small-scale, short-duration and less than or equal to 160 square feet or 260 linear feet. The action shall be considered complete when the results of samples collected in the affected functional space and analyzed by phase contrast microscopy using the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Method 7400 entitled ‘‘Fibers’’ published in the NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, 3rd Edition, Second Supplement, August 1987, show that the concentration of fibers for each of the five samples is less than or equal to a limit of quantitation for PCM (0.01 fibers per cubic centimeter (0.01 f/cm3) of air). The method is available for public inspection at the Non-Confidential Information Center (NCIC) (7407), Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Room B–607 NEM, 401 M St., SW., Washington, DC 20460, between the hours of 12 p.m. and 4 p.m. weekdays excluding legal holidays or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202–741–6030, or go to: http:// www.archives.gov/federallregister/ codeloflfederallregulations/ ibrllocations.html. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. The method is incorporated as it exists on the effective date of this rule, and a notice of any change to the method will be published in the FEDERAL REGISTER. (6) To determine the amount of ACBM affected under paragraph (i)(5) of this section, the local education agency shall add the total square or linear footage of ACBM within the containment barriers used to isolate the functional space for the action to remove, encapsulate, or enclose the ACBM. Contiguous portions of material subject to such action conducted concurrently or at approximately the same time within the same school building shall not be separated to qualify under paragraph (i)(5), of this section. [52 FR 41846, Oct. 30, 1987, as amended at 53 FR 12525, Apr. 15, 1988; 60 FR 31922, June 19, 1995; 60 FR 34465, July 3, 1995; 69 FR 18803, Apr. 9, 2004] § 763.91 Operations and maintenance. (a) Applicability. The local education agency shall implement an operations, maintenance, and repair (O&M) program under this section whenever any friable ACBM is present or assumed to be present in a building that it leases, owns, or otherwise uses as a school building. Any material identified as nonfriable ACBM or nonfriable assumed ACBM must be treated as friable ACBM for purposes of this section when the material is about to become friable as a result of activities performed in the school building. (b) Worker protection. Local education agencies must comply with either the OSHA Asbestos Construction Standard at 29 CFR 1926.1101, or the Asbestos Worker Protection Rule at 40 CFR 763.120, whichever is applicable. (c) Cleaning—(1) Initial cleaning. Unless the building has been cleaned using equivalent methods within the previous 6 months, all areas of a school building where friable ACBM, damaged 770 VerDate Aug<31>2005 14:36 Aug 06, 2007 Jkt 211171 PO 00000 Frm 00780 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 8010 Y:\SGML\211171.XXX 211171