3_Science and Technology and Nation Building..pdf

Science and Technology and Nation Building  Why is Science and Technology important in Nation Building? Science and Technology is essential in nation building. Scientific knowledge and technological advancements are needed to address problems and concerns such as...

Science and Technology and Nation Building  Why is Science and Technology important in Nation Building? Science and Technology is essential in nation building. Scientific knowledge and technological advancements are needed to address problems and concerns such as climate change, natural disasters and epidemics. Also, they are needed to increase industrial productivity leading to economic development. 15 Why is Science and Technology important in Nation Building? Move the scribble to se the In the Philippines, the importance of science and technology answer! is recognized. In the 1987 Philippine Constitution, Science and Technology are given priority to “foster patriotism and nationalism, accelerate social progress, and promote total human liberation and development". In Section 10, Article XIV, it is stated that “Science and Technology are essential for national development and progress". Philippine Government Science and Technology Agenda In the Philippine Development Plan 2017-2022, the government mandates an “increased use of scientific and technological breakthroughs". The government intends to do this by “promoting and accelerating technology adoption" and "stimulating innovation". Philippine Government Science and Technology Agenda The main government agency for science and technology is the Department of Science and Technology (DOST). DOST was created to “provide central direction, leadership and coordination of scientific and technological efforts and ensure that the results there from are geared and utilized in areas of maximum economic and social benefits for the people." Philippine Government Science and Technology Agenda DOST is composed of; three (3) sectoral planning councils seven (7) research and development institutes two (2) collegial bodies six (6) service institutes several regional and provincial offices. Some of the agencies under DOST are the Advance Science and Technology Institute, Science Education Institute and National Research Council of the Philippines Philippine Government Science and Technology Agenda All programs, projects and activities of DOST shall target to achieve the following outcomes: 1. Stimulation of Innovation 2. Promotion and acceleration of Technology adoption 3. Development of a critical mass of globally competitive human resources on Science and Technology 4. Increased productivity and efficiency of micro, small, and medium entrepreneurs (MSMEs) Philippine Government Science and Technology Agenda 5. Ensured resiliency to disaster risks and climate change 6. Reduced inequality in science and technology capacities and opportunities 7. Achieve effective science and technology governance Philippine Government Science and Technology Agenda The data below shows that Philippines lags behind its ASEAN neighbors in terms of R&D expenditures and number of researchers. Major Development Programs and Personalities in S&T in the Philippines Balik Scientist Program The program aims to encourage Filipino Scientists or Scientists of Filipino descent to return to the Philippines and conduct research or scientific undertakings. As of December 2017, 497 scientists served under the program. Republic Act No. 11035 or the Balik Scientist Act was signed into law in 2018. The law will provide incentives and assistance to returning Filipino experts, scientists, inventors, and engineers. Major Development Programs and Personalities in S&T in the Philippines The program is important in maintaining a critical number of Filipino experts, scientists, inventors, and engineers that will serve the country. According to UNESCO, a country should have 380 scientists/researchers per million population. However, in the Philippines, there are only 189 researchers/scientists per million which means that there is a gap. Major Development Programs and Personalities in S&T in the Philippines One of those Balik Scientists is Dr. Josefino C. Comiso, a Senior Scientist in USA's National Aeronautics and Space Administration or NASA. As a Balik Scientist, his goal is to: "improve ability of the country to utilize advance technology in addressing problems on natural resource management, especially as related to climate and environmental changes". Major Development Programs and Personalities in S&T in the Philippines Order of National Scientists The Presidential Decree (PD) No. 1003-A, s. 1976, established the National Academy of Science and Technology to become the highest recognition and advisory body on science and technology. Part of this decree is the establishment of the "Order of National Scientists". The "Order of National Scientists" is the highest honor that is being bestowed by the President of the Republic of the Philippines to a Filipino man or woman of science in the Philippines who has made significant contributions in one of the different fields of science and technology. Major Development Programs and Personalities in S&T in the Philippines As of 2018, there are 41 National Scientists. Two of them are engineer agriculturist Ramon Barba and biologist Angel Alcala. Major Development Programs and Personalities in S&T in the Philippines Small & Medium Enterprise Technology Upgrading Program (SETUP) This program is part of the "nationwide strategy to encourage MSMEs to adopt technological innovations to improve existing products, services, and operations; increase productivity and competitiveness; and more importantly to enable MSMEs to develop new products and establish or sustain market niches." Major Development Programs and Personalities in S&T in the Philippines According to DOST, in 2018, the companies supported by SETUP produced: 42,853 jobs, P 8.344 billion cumulative gross sales, and 41 % productivity increase. Major Development Programs and Personalities in S&T in the Philippines A total of 20, 635 technology interventions and 773 projects were funded. Major Development Programs and Personalities in S&T in the Philippines Grants-In-Aid Program Through this program, the government funds scientific and technological undertakings to promote development in the country. It also promotes technology transfer, innovation, human resources development and productivity improvement. Major Development Programs and Personalities in S&T in the Philippines Forest Products Research and Development Institute This institute conducts researches on wood products, rubber, paper, pulp and other forest products. Major Development Programs and Personalities in S&T in the Philippines Philippine Nuclear Research Institute This institute conducts research on the safe use of nuclear energy for medical, agricultural, environmental, and industrial purposes. Major Development Programs and Personalities in S&T in the Philippines Project NOAH (Nationwide Operational Assessment of Hazards) is a government-funded project that is currently administered by the University of the Philippines. Major Development Programs and Personalities in S&T in the Philippines Project NOAH Aims to cultivate a culture of preparedness to decrease risks of casualties during natural disasters. The team behind the project conducts advanced researches and assessments on natural disasters in order to generate knowledge and create tools that can be useful for disaster prevention and mitigation. Major Development Programs and Personalities in S&T in the Philippines PCARI Project The Philippine-California Advanced Research Institutes (PCARI) Project aims to develop our Science and Technology manpower through scholarships, trainings and research collaborations with top universities and institutions in California, USA. The priority areas are information infrastructure development (IID) and health innovation and translational medicine (HITM). Major Development Programs and Personalities in S&T in the Philippines Philippine Space Program The government is funding the National Space Development Program which aims to set the foundation for the establishment of a Philippine Space Agency. Major Development Programs and Personalities in S&T in the Philippines The government established the Philippine Scientific Earth Observation Microsatellite Program in 2014, in partnership with Japan's Hokkaido University and Tohoku University. The program has since produced three fully functional microsatellites, the Diwata-1, Diwata-2 and Maya-1. Major Development Programs and Personalities in S&T in the Philippines The development of the country's space program is important for national security, agricultural development, environmental management, climate change mitigation, among others. The program seeks to develop technologies such as unmanned aerial vehicles, microsatellites and communication satellites. Science Education in the Philippines Science education is important in order to develop students' scientific skills, attitudes, and values. This will empower them to solve problems, become more critical, see the world differently, and become productive contributors to nation building. 1. DOST Scholarship Programs Many Filipino scientists, inventors, innovators, engineers and professionals benefited from DOST's scholarship programs. The program is mandated under Republic Act 7687, or the Science and Technology Act of 1994. 2. Philippine Science High School (PSHS) DOST provides free secondary education to young Filipinos who have high aptitude for science and technology through the Philippine Science High School (PSHS). Currently, there are 16 campuses, one per region, except for ARMM. Many graduates of PSHS eventually become scientists, inventors, professionals and educators. 3. Regional Science High School Union The Department of Education manages Regional Science High Schools that have curriculum focused on science and mathematics. DOST established several programs to improve science education in the country. Project HOTS The Project Hands-on Teaching and Learning of Science through Inquiry develops the capacity of schools and teachers to teach science through mobile school laboratories, inquiry-based science curriculum, hands-on training and technology use trials.  VISSER Versatile Instrumentation System for Science Education and Research project aims to modernize school laboratories through the development and integration of new instruments and technologies. STARBOOKS Starbooks is a digital library containing science materials which can be accessed by educational institutions off-line. InnoBox Project The InnoBox project aims to search for outstanding and most innovative teaching methods and learning materials for science. Selected Indigenous Science and Technologies In the Philippines, indigenous science and technologies must be known, recognized and understood given their rich cultural diversity. With more than 100 indigenous groups, each has a unique but interconnected indigenous science and technologies. Many herbal medicines have indigenous origins. Many indigenous practices in resources management have been documented like the muyong system in Ifugao and the lapat system in Apayao. THANKYOU FOR LISTENING!