Summary

This document examines various concepts related to water, pH, buffers, and biological systems. It covers topics like the role of water in reactions, the importance of buffering in cells, and the relationship between pH and enzyme function. The document also includes questions on diabetes and blood ketones.

Full Transcript

Recitation will be available soon : Lecture: 4-ch3 Amino acids image-74 (00-31-42) For Weak Acids Topic question 3-ch2 Dissociation of Weak electrolytes : acetic acid Water as a Reactant Water is often a product or reactant in biological system. Condensation...

Recitation will be available soon : Lecture: 4-ch3 Amino acids image-74 (00-31-42) For Weak Acids Topic question 3-ch2 Dissociation of Weak electrolytes : acetic acid Water as a Reactant Water is often a product or reactant in biological system. Condensation reactions typically produce a water as a side product. Hydrolysis reactions will use a water molecule as a reactant. ATP ADP Topic Question) 3-ch2 Draw a titration curve for phosphoric acid. Indicate pKa values and buffering zones. Why is buffering necessary? Maintenance of intracellular PH is vital to all cells. Enzyme-catalyzed reactions have optimal PH. Solubility of polar molecules depends oh H-bond donors and acceptors Gas exchange: equilibrium between CO2 gas and dissolved HCO3- depends on PH At wrong PH, certain functional groups are no longer in the right ionization state to perform a role. : Enzyme catalysis, protein folding Many reactions will take place over a small pH range, but perform optimally at a set PH. Biological Buffer Systems Integrate knowledge with other discipline Metabolic Acidosis and Hypoventilation Integrate knowledge with other discipline Topic question 3-Ch2. Diabetes and blood ketones Explain how diabetes contribute to high blood ketone and what are the symptoms.

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