2nd Lecture Terminology PDF

A physiological elimination of deciduous teeth at specific ages Shedding caused by physiological resorption of their roots before the eruption of their permanent successors.  Impacted teeth The teeth that do not completely...

A physiological elimination of deciduous teeth at specific ages Shedding caused by physiological resorption of their roots before the eruption of their permanent successors.  Impacted teeth The teeth that do not completely erupt but remain in bone or soft tissue.  Congenitally missing tooth The teeth do not erupt because a tooth bud was never produced. Usually occurs with lateral incisors, second premolars, and third molars.  Tooth Extraction A dental procedure where the tooth is completely removed from its socket  Decay (Caries) Destruction of tooth structure caused by toxins produced by bacteria  Dentistry A branch of medicine involved studying, diagnosing, preventing, and treating oral and para-oral diseases and their effect on the human body.  Doctors who practice dentistry are known as Dentists. A licensed dentist can -carry out most dental treatments by nature of their general training. -Performing examinations, taking radiographs, and making diagnoses. -Prescribe medications i.e (antibiotics, mouthwashes, pain killers (analgesics),  Dental Specialties Official specialties of a dental college include: Academic specialities Clinical specialities Diagnosis, radiology. Oral biology periodontology, and oral medicine. Oral pathology Oral surgery Dental biomaterials Restorative dentistry Endodontics Prosthodontics Pediatric Dentistry Public health Orthodontics  Diagnosis of oral and maxillofacial-related diseases. Oral and maxillofacial Radiology Study and radiographic interpretation of oral and maxillofacial diseases. Oral medicine It is related to diagnosing and managing oral mucosal abnormalities (ulcers, infection, allergies, autoimmune disorders) including oral cancer, salivary gland disorders and facial pain, taste and smell disorders.  Periodontology Periodontology: Study and treatment of diseases of the gums (non-surgical and surgical) as well as placement and maintenance of dental implants  Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Surgical intervention with dental and oral disorders as the extraction of teeth, Dental Implants, and surgical removal of tumors of the oral cavity.  Operative dentistry Is the diagnosis and management of diseases of the teeth and restoring the dentition to the functional and aesthetic requirements of the individual.  Endodontics This specialty focuses on (Root Canal) therapy and the study of basic and clinical sciences of , the etiology, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of dental pulp diseases.  Prosthodontics Department Prosthetic replacement of normal teeth after extraction by artificial teeth either removable (Dentures) or fixed (Bridges, and the implants). Pediatric Dentistry -An age-related specialty Deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of dental problems in infants, children, and children with special health care needs. - Promotes the dental health of children - Serves as an educational resource for parents.  Orthodontics. The straightening of teeth and modification of midface and mandibular growth. Diagnosis, prevention, and correction of malocclusion of teeth and jaw relationship to restore function and esthetics.  Treatment may require several months to a few years, using braces and other appliances to gradually adjust tooth position and jaw alignment. When the malocclusion is severe, jaw surgery may be required in the treatment plan. Oral and maxillofacial pathology Concerned with study of causes, and diagnosis of oral cavity and maxillofacial-related diseases.  Public health and community medicine Preventive dentistry and dental epidemiology focus on improving dental health for populations, not just individuals. It involves assessing dental health needs and creating effective solutions. Mainly practiced through government-sponsored programs that target school children to educate them in oral hygiene. Dental biomaterials: Study biological, chemical, and mechanical properties of materials used in Dental practice Oral Biology: Study of dental anatomy and morphology of human teeth (deciduous & permanent). Study the structures, function, and growth of living organisms.