21st Century Literature: Representative Texts and Authors from Europe PDF

Representative Texts and Authors from Europe  In this lesson, you will be able to: Identify representative texts and authors from Europe Determine the various 21st century genre, their elements, structures and traditions (ENLit12-IIa-22) Literature Literature broadly refe...

Representative Texts and Authors from Europe  In this lesson, you will be able to: Identify representative texts and authors from Europe Determine the various 21st century genre, their elements, structures and traditions (ENLit12-IIa-22) Literature Literature broadly refers to any collection of written or oral work, but it more commonly and narrowly refers to writings specifically considered to be an art form, especially prose, epic drama, poetry forms Literature, as an art form, can also include works in various non-fiction genres The literatures of Europe are compiled in many languages; among the most important of the modern written works are those in English, Spanish, French, Dutch, Polish, Portuguese, German, Italian, Modern Greek, Czech, Russian, Macedonian, the Scandinavian languages, Gaelic and Turkish.  Greece and Rome are considered the birthplace of European Literature  Birthplace of literature Literature, in the west, originated in the southern Mesopotamia region of Sumer. Mesopotamia is thought to be one of the places where early civilization developed. It is a historic region of West Asia within the Tigris-Euphrates river system. In fact, the word Mesopotamia means "between rivers" Periods of European Literature Old English or Anglo- Saxon (c. 450-1066) - Encompasses the surviving literature written in Old English in Anglo-Saxon England. Old English is also known as Anglo-Saxon, which is derived from the names of two Germanic tribes that invaded England during the fifth century. The Exeter Book riddles, 'The Wanderer'. This period consists of literature written in Old English —From "An Introduction to Old English" by Richard M. Hogg and Rhona Alcorn "It has been estimated that only about 3 percent of Old English vocabulary is taken from non-native sources and it is clear that the strong preference in Old English was to use its native resources in order to create new vocabulary. The Lord's Prayer (Our The Lord's Prayer (Our Father) Father) Fæder ure Our Father, who art in ðu ðe eart on heofenum heaven, Hallowed be thy si ðin nama gehalgod Name. Thy kingdom come. to-becume ðin rice Thy will be done, On earth as geweorþe ðin willa on eorðan it is in heaven. Give us this swa swa on heofenum. day our daily bread. And Urne ge dæghwamlican hlaf forgive us our trespasses, As syle us to-deag we forgive those who trespass against us. And lead and forgyf us ure gyltas us not into temptation, But swa swa we forgifaþ urum deliver us from evil. For thine gyltendum is the kingdom, and the ane ne gelæde ðu us on power, and the glory, For ever costnunge and ever. Amen. ac alys us of yfle.  Middle English literature (1066– 1500) English literature was Middle written in many dialects that corresponded to the region, history, culture, and background of individual Auchinleck Manuscript English Renaissance (1500–1660) The English Renaissance turns to be a cultural and artistic movement. introduced the sonnet from Sonnet Fourteen lines: All sonnets have 14 lines, which can be broken down into four sections called quatrains.  Structure of a Shakespearean Sonnet 14 Lines: The Rhyme Scheme: The Iambic Pentameter: Each line typically contains 10 sonnet consists of rhyme scheme is syllables, following an 14 lines in total. ABABCDCDEFEFGG. unstressed-stressed pattern (iambic pentameter).  First Quatrain (Lines 1-4): Introduce your theme Introduce or present a situation. Second Quatrain (Lines 5-8): Develop the theme Second further or present a complication. Write the Quatrains: Third Third Quatrain (Lines 9-12): Offer a twist or turn in the argument or perspective. Final Couplet (Lines 13-14): Provide a resolution Last or a poignant conclusion that reflects on the theme.  Elizabethan period (1558–1603) The rise of Edmund Spenser, Sir Philip Sidney William Shakespeare stands out in this period as a poet Renowned Christopher Marlowe, Jacobean period (1603–1625) The birth of Shakespeare’s written genre "problem plays" and tragedy popularized the English sonnet  Late Renaissance (1625–1660) Rise of the second generation metaphysical poets The birth of allegory and classical allusions, and epic works  Restoration Age (1660–1700) the pioneering of literary criticism The presentation of John Milton’s religious flux and Age of Romanticism (1798–1837) originated artistic, literary, and intellectual movement. landscape is often prominent in the poetry of this period so much so that the Romantics, especially perhaps Wordsworth, are often described as 'nature poets. The Romantic Age is often known as the 'Age of Revolutions' on account of the sweeping changes  Victorian literature (1837–1901) the novel became the leading literary genre in English. Charles Dickens emerged on the literary scene. Introduction of detective novel in the English language. Development of science fiction novels and  Modernism (1901– 2000) English literary modernism developed in the early twentieth-century lyric poet and major novels evolved maintained a conservative approach to poetry by combining romanticism, sentimentality and hedonism. Representative Texts and Authors from other European Countries Country Author Text Lord Alfred Charge the Light Tennyson Brigade J.K. Rowling Harry Potter John Bunyan Pilgrim’s Progress England William Romeo and Juliet Shakespeare Geoffrey Chaucer Book of the Duchess Country Author Text Alexander Dumas The Count of Monte Cristo Ezza Agha Malak Qu'as-tu fait de tes mômes, Papa ? Victor Marie Hugo Les miserables France Michael Praust In Search of Lost Time Voltaire The Maids of Orleans Literary Genre The three genres of literature are PROSE, POETRY  PROSE PROSE is the most regular, easiest and simplest form of writing; you basically need no skill in writing this. It is however written in chapters and verses that is how you recognize them.  DRAMA DRAMA on the hand is basically a style of writing that portrays the actions of men, and this genre of literature comes in dialogue and is written in scenes because it should originally be acted on a stage, before being written down. POETRY is the most difficult genre. Many people write prose and call it poetry, however without the add-ons of figures of speeches and literary devices, a work can never be What Is Structure In A Poem? The structure of a poem refers to the way it is presented to the reader. This could include technical things such as the line length and stanza format. Or it could include the flow of the words used and Line length shows the reader how it should be read. Short lines are usually read faster, with more emotion. Longer lines slow down the pace of a poem. Rhythm or the beat that the poem follows. This will typically be measured in meters (sets of syllables that are stressed and unstressed) that the reader will sing along with. Stanzas the groups of lines, are like paragraph in prose. They contain a central idea. Consistency Structure also refers to the consistency used throughout the poem. An author might start each line with a certain part of speech, or a repeated line or phrase is used at