2024 Lee Phar 672 PPCP Process PDF

The Pharmacist Patient Care Process (PPCP) and Documentation with SOAP Dr. Lee PHAR 672 Fall 2024 1 Lecture Objectives At the conclusion of this lecture, the learners should be able to: 1. Describe the components and the sequence of the Pharmacist Patient Care Process (...

The Pharmacist Patient Care Process (PPCP) and Documentation with SOAP Dr. Lee PHAR 672 Fall 2024 1 Lecture Objectives At the conclusion of this lecture, the learners should be able to: 1. Describe the components and the sequence of the Pharmacist Patient Care Process (PPCP); 2. Describe the purposes and the components of the SOAP documentation note; and 3. Given a piece of patient information, identify the ideal place for that piece of information in the PPCP process or the SOAP note. 2 The PPCP Process Developed by the Joint Commission of Pharmacy Practitioners (JCPP) May 2014 Approval Patients achieve optimal health and medication outcomes with pharmacists as essential and accountable providers within patient- centered, team-based healthcare. 3 Patient-Centered Medical Care 4 Goals of PPCP 1. Promote consistency across the profession. 2. Provide a framework for delivering patient care in any practice setting. 3. Be a contemporary and comprehensive approach to patient- centered care delivered in collaboration with other members of the health care team. 4. Be applicable to a variety of patient care services delivered by pharmacists, including medication management 5 Foundational Components of PPCP Engagement and effective Establishment of patient- communication with patient, pharmacist relationship family, caregivers Continually collaborate, document, Process enhanced by interoperable and communicate with information technology physicians and other health systems that facilitate effective care providers and efficient communication 6 A General Model of a Logical Thinking-Action Process Collect Information Analysis of Information Make Decisions PLAN Action Make it HAPPEN Follow- WORKING? Up Reconsider 7 A General Model of a Logical Thinking-Action Process Collect Information Analysis of Information Make Decisions PLAN Action Make it HAPPEN Follow- Did it WORK? Up Reconsider 8 STEPS of PPCP 9 STEPS of PPCP: COLLECT Gathering Information OBTAIN necessary subjective and objective information Subjective Information Information FROM THE PATIENT (or Patient FAMILY, etc) Objective Information Information FROM the MEDICAL COMMUNITY (e.g. Doctors, medical records, laboratory/imaging data) 10 STEPS of PPCP: ASSESS Thinking/Analyzing ASSESS (EVALUATE) the CLINICAL EFFECTS Control of Patient’s diseases/conditions Drug Efficacy (effectiveness) Drug side effects (“Adverse drug effects,” ADRs) Appropriateness of therapy (indication/contraindication) Drug-drug interactions that can change the efficacy and ADRs of drug therapy Adherence to drug therapy Patient-specific factors: Culture, financial considerations, frequency of the drug regimen 11 STEPS of PPCP: PLAN Developing Plans Design a plan that is Medical evidence-based Cost-Effective (financially responsible) Address medication-related problems to OPTIMIZE therapy Set GOALS of therapy The 7 DRUG THERAPY PROBLEMS (DTPs) Needs additional drug therapy Unnecessary drug therapy Ineffective drug therapy Dose too LOW Dose too HIGH Adverse Drug Reactions Non-Adherence 12 STEPS of PPCP: IMPLEMENT Making the plan happen Address the medication- and health- related problems (e.g. give the appropriate vaccine) Initiate/Continue/Discontinue/modify medications and doses Provide education and self-management (drug COUNSELING) Refer or transition to another healthcare professional Everything in the implement step should be in the assessment and planning 13 STEPS of PPCP: FOLLOW-UP Making the plan happen Monitor and Evaluate 1. When should the patient be seen again? 2. Is the patient’s DRUG THERAPY Appropriate? Effective? Safe (i.e. ADRs acceptable and not harmful)? Being Adherent (i.e. patient taking the medications as prescribed)? If not, get ready to collect more information to make adjustment 14 15 Pharmacists’ Patient Care Process: Providing consistency for patients and health care 16 Documentation “If something is NOT documented, it has never been done.” In the legal system, documentation is regarded as an essential element. Failure to document relevant data is itself considered a significant breach of and deviation from the standard of care. 17 Standardization of Medical/Pharmacy Documentation Communicate with OTHER HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS Record the Risk-benefit analysis of important decisions in the clinical care of the patient Use of clinical judgment at critical decision points Action plan for the patient REDUCE the risk management exposure in case of problems Ensure appropriate payment of service (“imbursements”) from payers (e.g. insurance companies, or “third-party payers”) 18 The SOAP documentation SOAP Components Information Information from Patient, Subjective caretakers Information from healthcare Objective professionals, medical records The evaluation, thinking of the Assessment decisions on the patient’s care The logistics of making the Plan decisions happen 19 Questions 20