Past Simple & Continuous Tense PDF

1 HASSAN II UNIVERSITY Modular Program : English Studies FACULTY OF LETTERS Semester 1 AND HUMAN SCIENCES Grammar 1 CASABLANCA...

1 HASSAN II UNIVERSITY Modular Program : English Studies FACULTY OF LETTERS Semester 1 AND HUMAN SCIENCES Grammar 1 CASABLANCA Pr. S. FATHI MOHAMEDIA Chapter 2: THE PAST SIMPLE & CONTINUOUS Form: add –ed to regular verbs add –d to regular verbs ending in e. Spelling: double final consonant when adding –ed. -stop  stopped; admit  admitted; travel  travel(l)ed but open  opened, the final consonant is not doubled because it falls within an unstressed syllable. - change final y into i before ed -carry  carried; deny  denied; try  tried but obey  obeyed: here the final y comes after a vowel, so it does not change. Function: 1. used for a past action whose definite time is given * I saw them yesterday. * We had a meeting last week. * The school opened in 1984. * They travelled to Spain three years ago. * Last month, I visited my aunt.  2 2. used for a past action whose definite time is only implied * I saw this movie in the film festival. * My father was furious at late comers. * I met her in the wedding party. * We stayed until the end of the show. * We exchanged our cards during the Book Fair. 3. used for a past action whose time, place, reason, etc. is asked about * Where did you cut your hair? * Why didn’t you turn up for the meeting? * What did you see in the zoo? * When did you meet him? * Whom did you invite to your Birthday Party? 4. used for past habits/repeated past definite actions/habits * She always carried a colourful umbrella. * We never met each other. * They often played soccer on the weekends. * We sometimes went trekking on the mountains. * I usually went skiing in winter.  3 5. used for past actions whose time is not given, but either (1) occupied a period of time now finished or (2) occurred in a period of time now finished. * My parents lived in Rabat for six years. * He enrolled in the Army when he was young. * She once won a literature prize. * Zaki played for Widad for a long time. * He taught in that school for ten years. 6. used in structures requiring unreal past. * If I were you, I wouldn’t refuse that job. * He behaves as if/though he were the boss. * I would sooner/rather you stayed with us tonight. * I wish/ if only you played sports. * It is (high) time we had a real national football team. * In Reported Speech where the Present Simple is changed into Past Simple. ________________________________________________________________ THE PAST CONTINUOUS Form: past tense of BE + Present Participle  remember that stative verbs do not accept ing form. Function: 1. used for past long actions that occurred with a short action or another long action.  4 * We felt afraid as it was getting darker and darker. * The sun was setting when we were heading South. * We called the fire department when we saw the fire burning. * While I was watching the news, she was preparing the dinner. 2. used for past actions that began before a point of time and probably continued after it * At nine, the students were busy answering exam questions. * At 1 p.m., we were having lunch. * At 10 p.m., we were watching the Sunday movie. * At 9 p.m., she was still preparing the dinner. * In 2004, he was working for a computer company. 3. used for past long actions interrupted or stopped by short actions. * While we were eating, someone knocked on the door. * They were jogging when they saw a car crash into a tree. * When the boss came in, the secretary was talking on the phone. * I met her while I was going to the post office. 4. used for past intentions. * We were travelling tomorrow, but now we have changed our mind. * He was busy packing for he was leaving the day after. * We were going to tonight’s show, but it was cancelled due to the rain. * They were having a party the following weekend, but it was postponed at the last minute.  5 5. used in indirect speech for present continuous. * He said, “I am leaving this evening.” * He said he was leaving that evening. * They said, “We are going shopping this weekend.” * They said they were going shopping that weekend. 6. used to express irritation at past habits. * She was always ringing me up. * They were always standing by the wall. * He was always playing truant. * They were always making noise at night. PRONUNCIATION: /t/ after /p, f, k, s, ʃ, tʃ, θ/ -ed  /d/ after /b, v, g, z, ʒ, dʒ, ð, m, n, l, r, w, j/ /id/ after /t, d/