Graphic Design Fundamental - Design Principles PDF

Graphic Design Fundamental Revision on Design Principles Analyzing advertisements into geometric shapes Dr. Enass Mahmoud...

Graphic Design Fundamental Revision on Design Principles Analyzing advertisements into geometric shapes Dr. Enass Mahmoud 2024-2025 Lecture (2) Design Principles The principles of design are the rules a designer must follow to create an effective and attractive composition. Graphic design, like any discipline, adheres to strict rules that work beneath the surface to make the work stable and balanced. If the design is missing that balance, it will be weak and ineffective.  The principles of design help to determine how to use the design elements. These principles of design help you to combine the various design elements into a good layout. Arrange design elements. Make eye direction. Make a pleasure design. Gain familiarity to the design. Balance: Objects in design carry weight just like in the physical world, but it’s called visual weight. visual weight can be affected not only by the size of objects, but also their values, texture, colors, and shapes. The visual weight of a design needs to have balance. It’s like putting two objects on a seesaw: If one side is too heavy, the viewer’s eye goes directly to the heavy part. If it’s weighted with all things equal, the seesaw is perfectly suspended without either side touching the ground. Balance: Balance can be implied by size, shape, or even contrast. Balance: While it can utilize symmetry or equality, balance can also be achieved through asymmetry. Symmetrical balance: occurs when shapes are mirrored on either side of an axis(vertically divided or horizontally divided. Asymmetrical balance: creates an equilibrium among visual elements that do not mirror each other on either side of the axis. Balance: Balance: Symmetrical balance: Balance: Balance: Asymmetrical balance: contrast: The difference between two or more objects in a design is referred to as contrast. The difference in objects could be light and dark, thin and thick, small and large, bright and dull, etc. Contrast is most common associated with readability, legibility, and accessibility. The most important element in a design should have the most contrast. contrast: Contrast can be created by: Line, shape, color, space. Size, position, weigh, style, orientation. contrast: Contrast in color. contrast: Contrast in Size. contrast: Contrast in orientation and color. contrast: Contrast in style Emphasis: Emphasis is referring to the focal point of a design and the order of importance of each element within a design. Emphasis helps to grab the audience’s attention. It’s where you want the viewer to look first but doesn’t overpower the rest of the design (or it would be out of balance). Emphasis: Say you’re creating a poster for a concert. You should ask yourself: what is the first piece of information my audience needs to know? Is it the band? Or the concert venue? What about the day and the cost of attending? Make a mental outline. Let your brain organize the information and then lay out your design in a way that communicates that order. If the band’s name is the most essential information, place it in the center or make it the biggest element on the poster. Or you could put it in the strongest, boldest type. Learn about color theory and use strong color combinations to make the band name pop. Emphasis: Emphasis can be created by size, weight, position, color, shape, and style. Sometimes referred to as dominance. Emphasis: Emphasis: Emphasis: Emphasis: Emphasis might seem similar to contrast, but it’s not quite the same. Contrast deals with the difference between two objects Emphasis deals with the impact of an object. you can use contrast to support the emphasis of an object—like placing a solid black sphere on a white background. This is high contrast with emphasis: The viewer’s eye is drawn directly to the heavy shape. movement: Even though a visual is static, it can still give the feeling as if the design is actually moving. For movement, you can use shapes, lines, edges, or color, the purpose being to direct the human eye. movement: movement: Rhythm: Rhythm is a principle of design that suggests movement or action. Rhythm is usually achieved through repetition of lines, shapes, colors, and more. It creates a visual tempo in artworks and provides a path for the viewer’s eye to follow. Rhythm: Random rhythm still adheres to the principle of repetition, but it does not create standard intervals between the elements chosen to repeat. Rhythm: Rhythm: Regular rhythm may be one of the easiest to recognize; it repeats elements with a standard and unchanging interval. Rhythm: Alternating rhythm Alternating rhythm – You can repeat more than one element in a design. In an alternating design, you use a 1-2-1-2-1-2 pattern. Rhythm: Flowing rhythm: A flowing rhythm shows the repeated elements following bends, curves, and undulations. In nature, you can see this in the waves on a beach or sand dunes. As designers, we can mimic nature by making wonderful patterns of elements with flowing rhythm. Rhythm: Unity: Unity is all about how the different elements of your design come together and form a relationship. likely seen before designs that give you the impression that the fonts and everything else were chosen at random, so there wasn’t any sense of unity. All the visual elements you use in your design should be connected to one another. unity is going to help you communicate your message in a clear, organized, and concise manner. Unity is the end result when all of the design principles have been correctly applied. Unity: Unity: Unity: Assignment 1 : Inside a 15 cm x 15 cm square, design two compositions using different design elements (various forms of lines and different geometric shapes), with processing them in black and white. Assignment 2 : Analyze 4 advertisements into a composition of geometric shapes like the next examples. Analyzing advertisements into geometric shapes: Design Principles Design Principles