General Physics 1 Quarter 1 Module 1: Units of Measurements PDF

SENIOR [Type text] HIGH SCHOOL www.shsph.blogspot.com General Physics1 Quarter 1 – Module 1: Title: Units of Measurements www.shsph.blogspot.com Science – Grade 12 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1 – Module 1: Units of Measurements First Edition, 2020...

SENIOR [Type text] HIGH SCHOOL www.shsph.blogspot.com General Physics1 Quarter 1 – Module 1: Title: Units of Measurements www.shsph.blogspot.com Science – Grade 12 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1 – Module 1: Units of Measurements First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio Development Team of the Module Writer: Loida A. Arce Editor: Jacqueline T. Ureta Reviewer: Alma D. Acuña Illustrator: Name Layout Artist: Name Management Team: Dr. Carlito D. Rocafort Dr. Job S. Zape Jr. Eugene Adrao Elaine Balaogan Dr. Elpidia B. Bergado Noel S. Ortega Dr. Josephine Monzaga Printed in the Philippines by ________________________ Department of Education – Region IV-A Office Address: Capitol Compound, Brgy. Luciano Trece Martires City, Cavite Telefax: (046) 419 139 / 419-0328 E-mail Address: [email protected] www.shsph.blogspot.com 12 General Physics1 Quarter 1 – Module 1: Units of Measurements www.shsph.blogspot.com Introductory Message For the facilitator: Welcome to the General Physics 1 12 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Units and Measurements! This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling. This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances. In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the module: Notes to the Teacher This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in guiding the learners. As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module. 2 www.shsph.blogspot.com For the learner: Welcome to the General Physics 1 12 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Units and Measurements! The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands! This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner. This module has the following parts and corresponding icons: This will give you an idea of the skills or What I Need to Know competencies you are expected to learn in the module. This part includes an activity that aims to What I Know check what you already know about the lesson to take. If you get all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip this module. This is a brief drill or review to help you link What’s In the current lesson with the previous one. In this portion, the new lesson will be What’s New introduced to you in various ways such as a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity or a situation. This section provides a brief discussion of What is It the lesson. This aims to help you discover and understand new concepts and skills. This comprises activities for independent What’s More practice to solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You may check the answers to the exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the module. This includes questions or blank What I Have Learned sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process what you learned from the lesson. This section provides an activity which will What I Can Do help you transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life situations or concerns. 3 www.shsph.blogspot.com This is a task which aims to evaluate your Assessment level of mastery in achieving the learning competency. In this portion, another activity will be given Additional Activities to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned. This also tends retention of learned concepts. This contains answers to all activities in the Answer Key module. At the end of this module you will also find: References This is a list of all sources used in developing this module. The following are some reminders in using this module: 1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises. 2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included in the module. 3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task. 4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers. 5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next. 6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it. If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it! 4 www.shsph.blogspot.com What I Need to Know This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master the accuracy and precision. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using. The module has one lesson, namely: Lesson 1 – Accuracy and Precision After going through this module, you are expected to: 1. define accuracy and precision; 2. differentiate accuracy and precision; and 3. illustrate an example of accuracy and precision 5 www.shsph.blogspot.com What I Know Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper. 1. It is described as the degree of how close the measurements are to the true value. a. accuracy c. reliability b. precision d. validity 2. It refers to the degree to which successive measurements agree with each other. a. accuracy c. reliability b. precision d. validity 3. Which group of measurements is most precise? a. 0.005 g, 0.0049 g, 0.0051 g b. 1.23 cm3, 2.21 cm3, 9.92 cm3 c. 23.4 mm, 12.4 mm, 50.2 mm d. 2.3 x 10-2 kg, 2.31 x 102 kg, 2.29 x 1012 kg 4. The volume of a liquid is 20.5 ml. Which of the following sets of measurement the value with good accuracy? a. 18.6 ml, 17.6 ml, 19.6 ml, 17.2 ml b. 18.8 ml, 19.0 ml, 19.2 ml, 18.8 ml. c. 19.3 ml, 19.2 ml, 18.6 ml, 18.7 ml d. 20.2 ml, 20.5 ml, 20.3 ml 20.1 ml 6 www.shsph.blogspot.com 5. The mass of unknown substance is 2.86 g. Which of the following sets of measurement represents the value with both accuracy and precision? a. 1.78 g, 1.80 g, 1.76 g, 1.81 g b. 1.95 g, 2.02 g, 1.96 g, 2.01 g c. 2.81 g, 1.98 g, 2.40 g, 2.78 g d. 2.85 g, 2.86 g, 2.84 g, 2.81 g 6. The mass of a sample of a copper nitrate is 3.82 g. A student measures the mass and finds it to be 3.81 g, 3.82 g, 3.79 g and 3.80 g in the first, second, third and fourth trial, respectively. Which of the following statements is true for his measurements? a. They have good accuracy but poor precision. b. They have poor accuracy but good precision. c. They are neither precise nor accurate. d. They have good accuracy and precision. Mass Data Sample TRIAL 1 TRIAL 2 TRIAL 3 TRIAL 4 Student A 1.43 g 1.52 g 1.47 g 1.42 g Student B 1.43 g 1.40 g 1.46 g 1.44 g Student C 1.54 g 1.56 g 1.58 g 1.50 g Student D 0.86 g 1.24 g 1.52 g 1.42 g 7. Four students each measured the mass of one 1.43 g sample four times. The results in the data above indicate that the data collected by reflect the greatest accuracy and precision. a. Student A b. Student B c. Student C d. Student D 7 www.shsph.blogspot.com 8. The accepted value is 1.43. Which correctly describes this student’s experimental data? Trial Measurement 1 1.29 2 1.93 3 0.88 a. Accurate but not precise c. Precise but not accurate b. Both accurate and precise d. Neither accurate nor precise 9. What is meant by the term accuracy? a. The extent to which the value approaches its true value. b. The level of detail at which data is stored. c. The lack of bias in the data. d. The overall quality of data. 10. What is meant by the term precision? a. The extent to which the value approaches its true value. b. The level of detail at which data is stored. c. The lack of bias in the data. d. The overall quality of data. 11. The volume of a liquid is 25.5 ml. A student measures the volume and finds it to be 25.2 mL, 25.1 mL, 24.9 mL, and 25.3 mL in the first, second, third, and fourth trial, respectively. Which of the following statements is true for his measurements? a. They have poor precision. b. They have poor accuracy. c. They are neither precise nor accurate. d. They have good precision. 8 www.shsph.blogspot.com 12. The mass of an unknown substance is 2.86 g. Which of the following sets of measurement represents the value with both accuracy and precision? a. 1.78 g, 1.80 g, 1.76 g, 1.81 g b. 1.98 g, 2.02 g, 1.96 g, 2.01 g c. 2.85 g, 2.86 g, 2.84 g, 2.81 g d. 2.81 g, 1.98 g, 2.40 g, 2.78 g 13. The volume of a sample of concentrated hydrochloric acid is 10.5 ml. A student measures the volume and finds it to be 8.6 mL, 8.8 mL, 8.2 mL, and 8.6 mL in the first, second, third, and fourth trial, respectively. Which of the following statements is true for his measurements? a. They have poor precision. b. They have poor accuracy. c. They are neither precise nor accurate. d. They have good precision. 14. Looking at the above rifle target, how would you describe the shooting of this contestant? a. accurate and imprecise c. inaccurate and precise b. accurate and precise d. inaccurate and imprecise 15. Which of the following will allow measurement of a liquid's volume with the greatest precision? a. 50 ml cylinder graduated in 1ml increments b. 100 ml cylinder graduated in 0.5 ml increments c. 100 ml cylinder graduated in 1 ml increments d. 200 ml cylinder graduated in 5 ml increments 9 www.shsph.blogspot.com Lesson 1 Units of Measurement Science is based on experimentation that requires good measurements. The validity of a measurement can be described in terms of its accuracy and its precision. What’s In How to be accurate and precise in conversion of units and in expressing numbers in scientific notation. A student measures a test tube, she reported 15 g in mass, but the actual mass of the test tube was 32 g. Is the data accurate? A student measures the following temperature 40.30C, 410C and 400C. Is the data given precise? Notes to the Teacher It is significant that learners had background on the use of measuring device such as ruler, protractor and platform balance. 10 www.shsph.blogspot.com What’s New Accuracy vs Precision 11 www.shsph.blogspot.com What is It Accuracy It is how close a measurement is to the correct value for that measurement. For example, let us say that you are measuring the length of a standard piece of bond paper. The packaging in which you purchased the paper states that it is 11 inches long, and suppose this stated value is correct. You measure the length of the paper three times and obtain the following measurements: 11.1 inches, 11.2 inches, and 10.9 inches. These measurements are quite accurate because they are very close to the correct value of 11.0 inches. In contrast, if you had obtained a measurement of 12 inches, your measurement would not be very accurate. This is why measuring instruments are calibrated based on a known measurement. If the instrument consistently returns the correct value of the known measurement, it is safe for use in finding unknown values. Precision It states how well repeated measurements of something generate the same or similar results. Therefore, the precision of measurements refers to how close together the measurements are when you measure the same thing several times. One way to analyze the precision of measurements would be to determine the range, or difference between the lowest and the highest measured values. In the case of the printer paper measurements, the lowest value was 10.9 inches and the highest value was 11.2 inches. Thus, the measured values deviated from each other by, at most, 0.3 inches. These measurements were reasonably precise because they varied by only a fraction of an inch. However, if the measured values had been 10.9 inches, 11.1 inches, and 11.9 inches, then the measurements would not be very precise because there is a lot of variation from one measurement to another. The measurements in the paper example are both accurate and precise, but in some cases, measurements are accurate but not precise, or they are precise but not accurate. Let us consider a GPS system that is attempting to locate the position of a restaurant in a city. Think of the restaurant location as existing at the center of a bull’s-eye target. Then think of each GPS attempt to locate the restaurant as a black dot on the bull’s eye. 12 www.shsph.blogspot.com What’s More Activity 1.1 Accuracy vs Precision 1. Measure the length, width and height of your 60 leaves notebook to determine the volume of it using a ruler in centimeter (cm). 2. Determine the true value of the volume of the notebook. 3. Make 3 trials of the said measurement. 4. Record your data table. True value of Volume of Notebook: __________________________ Notebook Length Width Height Volume Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average 5. What is the accurate measured volume? 6. What is the precise measure volume? 13 www.shsph.blogspot.com What I Have Learned 1. Accuracy refers to the closeness of a measured value to a standard value or known value. 2. Precision refers to the closeness of two or more measurements to each other. 14 www.shsph.blogspot.com What I Can Do Do you experience accurateness and preciseness of data or information in your daily living? Do you have encountered some news in particular to the use of social media? How accuracy and precision applicable to this situation. Cite some ways or techniques to be utilized to get accurate and precise information. Assessment Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper. 1. It is described as the degree of how close the measurements are to the true value. a. accuracy c. reliability b. precision d. validity 2. It refers to the degree to which successive measurements agree with each other. a. accuracy c. reliability b. precision d. validity 3. Which group of measurements is most precise? a. 0.005 g, 0.0049 g, 0.0051 g b. 1.23 cm3, 2.21 cm3, 9.92 cm3 c. 23.4 mm, 12.4 mm, 50.2 mm d. 2.3 x 10-2 kg, 2.31 x 102 kg, 2.29 x 1012 kg 15 www.shsph.blogspot.com 4. The volume of a liquid is 20.5 ml. Which of the following sets of measurement the value with good accuracy? a. 18.6 ml, 17.6 ml, 19.6 ml, 17.2 ml b. 18.8 ml, 19.0 ml, 19.2 ml, 18.8 ml. c. 19.3 ml, 19.2 ml, 18.6 ml, 18.7 ml d. 20.2 ml, 20.5 ml, 20.3 ml 20.1 ml 5. The mass of unknown substance is 2.86 g. Which of the following sets of measurement represents the value with both accuracy and precision? a. 1.78 g, 1.80 g, 1.76 g, 1.81 g b. 1.95 g, 2.02 g, 1.96 g, 2.01 g c. 2.81 g, 1.98 g, 2.40 g, 2.78 g d. 2.85 g, 2.86 g, 2.84 g, 2.81 g 6. The mass of a sample of a copper nitrate is 3.82 g. A student measures the mass and finds it to be 3.81 g, 3.82 g, 3.79 g and 3.80 g in the first, second, third and fourth trial, respectively. Which of the following statements is true for his measurements? a. They have good accuracy but poor precision. b. They have poor accuracy but good precision. c. They are neither precise nor accurate. d. They have good accuracy and precision. Mass Data Sample TRIAL 1 TRIAL 2 TRIAL 3 TRIAL 4 Student A 1.43 g 1.52 g 1.47 g 1.42 g Student B 1.43 g 1.40 g 1.46 g 1.44 g Student C 1.54 g 1.56 g 1.58 g 1.50 g Student D 0.86 g 1.24 g 1.52 g 1.42 g 16 www.shsph.blogspot.com 7. Four students each measured the mass of one 1.43 g sample four times. The results in the data above indicate that the data collected reflect the greatest accuracy and precision. b. Student A b. Student B c. Student C d. Student D 8. The accepted value is 1.43. Which correctly describes this student’s experimental data? Trial Measurement 1 1.29 2 1.93 3 0.88 a. Accurate but not precise c. Precise but not accurate b. Both accurate and precise d. Neither accurate nor precise 9. What is meant by the term accuracy? a. The extent to which the value approaches its true value. b. The level of detail at which data is stored. c. The lack of bias in the data. d. The overall quality of data. 10. What is meant by the term precision? a. The extent to which the value approaches its true value. b. The level of detail at which data is stored. c. The lack of bias in the data. d. The overall quality of data. 17 www.shsph.blogspot.com 11. The volume of a liquid is 25.5 ml. A student measures the volume and finds it to be 25.2 mL, 25.1 mL, 24.9 mL, and 25.3 mL in the first, second, third, and fourth trial, respectively. Which of the following statements is true for his measurements? a. They have poor precision. b. They have poor accuracy. c. They are neither precise nor accurate. d. They have good precision. 12. The mass of an unknown substance is 2.86 g. Which of the following sets of measurement represents the value with both accuracy and precision? a. 1.78 g, 1.80 g, 1.76 g, 1.81 g b. 1.98 g, 2.02 g, 1.96 g, 2.01 g c. 2.85 g, 2.86 g, 2.84 g, 2.81 g d. 2.81 g, 1.98 g, 2.40 g, 2.78 g 13. The volume of a sample of concentrated hydrochloric acid is 10.5 ml. A student measures the volume and finds it to be 8.6 mL, 8.8 mL, 8.2 mL, and 8.6 mL in the first, second, third, and fourth trial, respectively. Which of the following statements is true for his measurements? a. They have poor precision. b. They have poor accuracy. c. They are neither precise nor accurate. d. They have good precision. 14. Looking at the above rifle target, how would you describe the shooting of this contestant? a. accurate and imprecise c. inaccurate and precise b. accurate and precise d. inaccurate and imprecise 18 www.shsph.blogspot.com 15. Which of the following will allow measurement of a liquid's volume with the greatest precision? a. 50 ml cylinder graduated in 1ml increments b. 100 ml cylinder graduated in 0.5 ml increments c. 100 ml cylinder graduated in 1 ml increments d. 200 ml cylinder graduated in 5 ml increments 19 www.shsph.blogspot.com Additional Activities A grocery store sells 5-lb bags of mangoes. You purchase four bags over the course of a month and weigh the mangoes each time. You obtain the following measurements: Week 1 weight: 4.8 lb Week 2 weight: 5.3 lb Week 3 weight: 4.9 lb Week 4 weight: 5.4 lb Is the measurement accurate or precise? 20  21 What I Know What's More Assessment A Length = 15 cm A B B Width = 22 cm A A D Height = 1 cm D D D Volume = 330 cm3 D D B B D D A A B B D D C C D D C C B B Answer Key www.shsph.blogspot.com www.shsph.blogspot.com References Physics for Laboratory Manual Physics for the Life Science I. Spring 2018 Sio, Janina Andrea et.al. Experiments: Errors, Uncertainties and Measurements Laboratory Report. Manila, Philippines. Tabujara Jr., Geronimo D. K-12 Compliant Worktext for Senior High School General Physics 1. Manila, Philippines: JFS Publishing Services. The Language of Physics: Physical Quantities and Units. Austin, Texas: Texas Education Agency. 22 www.shsph.blogspot.com For inquiries or feedback, please write or call: Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR) Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600 Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985 Email Address: [email protected] * [email protected]