Malignant Leukocyte Disorders Lecture PDF

HEMATOLOGY 1 LECTURE MALIGNANT LEUKOCYTE DISORDERS WEEK 14 LEUKEMIA VIRCHOW WAS THE FIRST O RECOGNIZE LEUKEMIA AS A DISTINCT CLINICAL DISORDER BETWEEN 1839 AND 1845. HE NAMED THIS DISORDER LEUKEMIA because of the white appearance of the blood from patients with fever, weakness, and lymph...

HEMATOLOGY 1 LECTURE MALIGNANT LEUKOCYTE DISORDERS WEEK 14 LEUKEMIA VIRCHOW WAS THE FIRST O RECOGNIZE LEUKEMIA AS A DISTINCT CLINICAL DISORDER BETWEEN 1839 AND 1845. HE NAMED THIS DISORDER LEUKEMIA because of the white appearance of the blood from patients with fever, weakness, and lymphadenopathy ABNORMAL, UNCONTROLLED PROLIFERATION AND ACCUMULATION OF ONE OR MORE OF THE HEMATOPOIETIC CELLS MAJOR SYMPTOMS OF LEUKEMIA ARE FEVER, WEIGHT LOSS, AND INCREASED SWEATING. ENLARGEMENT OF THE LIVER, SPLEEN AND LYMPH NODES may occur more predominantly in chronic leukemias. The basic metabolic rate is often elevated, and there may be hemorrhagic tendencies. If marked thrombocytopenia is present. Bone pain from a large leukemia cell mass in the bone marrow is typical in the acute leukemias.  Differentiating Luekemia From Other Malignant Leukocyte Disorders A disease, usually of leukocytes, in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemia Overproduction of various types of immature or mature leukocytes in the bone marrow and/ or peripheral blood General term for malignancy that starts in the lymph in system, mainly the lymph nodes. Lymphoma Two main types of lymphomas are Hodgkin lymphoma and non- Hodgkin lymphoma A form of cancer of the plasma cells. In myeloma, the cells Myeloma overgrow, forming a mass or tumor that is located in the bone marrow. CLASSIFICATION 1. DURATION ACUTE LEUKEMIA = DAYS TO 6 MONTHS Subacute leukemia = 2 to 6 months Chronic leukemia = 1 or 2 years or more 2. NUMBER OF WHITE BLOOD cells present in PBS ALEUKEMIC LEUKEMIA = WBC CT. 30 % BLAST >50% erythrocytic precursors M7-ACUTE MEGAKARYOCYTIC LEUKEMIA >30% BLAST >30% megakaryocytic cells