Drafting Manual: Frames PDF

FRAMES  Drafting Manual knowledge and resources to enhance efficiency and compliance Documents:...

FRAMES  Drafting Manual knowledge and resources to enhance efficiency and compliance Documents: Guidelines for necessary documentation. Dimensioning: Standards for accurate dimensioning practices. Training Goals For Cost Construction Methods: Overview of applicable methods. Objective: Equip each cost center with comprehensive Notes: Key design considerations and practices. Notes Index: Structured index for quick reference. Estimation Manual Types of Material: Overview of materials and their properties. Calculation of Material: Methods for calculating quantities and costs. Price List: Current pricing information for relevant materials. General Byelaws Manual Land Documents: Understanding and utilizing land documents for compliance. Center Construction Checklist Compliance Checks: Ensuring adherence to regulations and standards. Quality Assurance: Steps to Maintain quality throughout the construction. Conclusion: By providing these resources, we ensure that all team members are knowledgeable and equipped to manage their respective cost centers effectively. Index FRAME CHECKLISTS 1 DOCUMENT CHECKLIST 1. Tender Image 1 2. Design Guidelines 3. Town Planning Drawings and Conditions a) Sketch Image 2 b) Engineering Drawings Image 3 c) Working Drawings Image 4 1. Frame Introduction 2 DIMENSIONING CHECKLIST Image 5 & 6 2. Dimension in drawing Image 7 to 10 3. Frame Section Image 11 to 12 4. How to do dimension of plan as per melvic standards Image 13 to 14 4. Understanding engineering drawing Image 13 to 16 1. Australian Standards 3 METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION 2. You tube Links 3. Connection Details 1. Generic 4 NOTES 2. Mandatory Index FRAME CHECKLISTS 5 NOTES INDEX 1. Floor Plan 2. Section 3. elevations 4. Garage and balcony Detail 6 ESTIMATION 1. What do we learn from the estimation perspective? 2. What can we add into the estimation manual? Image 17 7 X-REF 1. Slab Layout On Frame 2. Sketch On Frame 3. Drainer On Frame 4. Section On Frame 8 DRAFTING CHECKLIST 1. What do we need to check for the correct drafting of the cost center? 9 QUESTIONNAIRE 1. What do we learn from this manual?  The information regarding the Frame generally comes from 3 major documents Design Guidelines, town planning 1. Document Checklist drawings and permit Condition and tender, which is further reflected in other documents like sketch , working drawing and engineering drawing. COST CENTER SPECIFIC 1. TENDER The height of floors we take is based on the client agreement's defined in tender document. The tender is a document that is created in accordance with the client's agreement and at times specified by the terms of design guidelines. 1. Example the above image shows the Frame Height for double storey residence that way reflected in this way in the tender document 2. DESIGN GUIDELINES Sometimes states set a maximum height limit, and developer design guidelines determine the height. The overall height specified in the design guidelines will be determined by the siting and overshadowing requirements of the building regulations which will impact the overall height of the house and the height of frame components. 3. TOWN PLANING DRAWING AND PERMIT CONDITION Sometimes the height restriction comes from the town Planning Permit conditions on which the approval is based on. THE ABOVE WERE THE 3 MAJOR DOCUMENTS FROM WHICH THE INFORMATION IS COLLECTED AND REFLECTED IN THE BELOW DESCRIBED DOCUMENTS  The information regarding the Frame generally comes from Design Guidelines, town planning drawings , Town 1. Document Checklist planning permit Condition and tender. COST CENTER SPECIFIC a) SKETCH b) ENGINEERING DRAWING The information from the tender and the previously mentioned documents is reviewed with the client, and a preliminary sketch The engineering drawing is is created, showing room placement and sizing. prepared after the completion of the working drawing. It includes all the components of the building frame, such as studs, noggins, bracings, wall plates, LVLs, and more. 3. Example the above image shows the Preliminary Drawing c) WORKING DRAWING After the sketch is 2. Example the above image shows the Preliminary drawing completed, the working drawings are cross-checked against all relevant documents and finalized for on-site construction. 4. Example the above image shows the Working Drawing For Frame cost center  2. Dimensioning Checklist For better understanding important to know about the Components of frame. Frames Introduction Timber frame construction consists of prefabricated wooden wall panels, timber flooring and roof materials built upon a timber framework. These timber components are nailed to the framework to provide a sturdy skeleton around which the external walls of a conventional building are built. Frames Components It is important to know about the components of frame material and understand how to study the engineering drawings: 1. Top Plate 2. Lintel- LVL’S , PFC etc 3. Jamb Stud 4. Sill trimmer- Window Trimmer 5. Jack Stud 6. Bottom Plate 7. OSB Bracing- Ply board Bracing 8. Noggings 9. Head Trimmers 5. Example- the above image shows the components of the Frame Some other components are: Timber stud 90mm 10. Ribbon Plate Cavity 35mm (Hebel) , 40mm (Brick) 11. Corner stud 735mm (Hebel) , 100mm (Brick) 12. Diagonal Bracing 6. Example- the above image shows the Framing Sketch 13. Load bearing walls 14. Non- Load Bearing Walls Note- 15. Junction Block For more detail information on the components refer to the estimation manuals 2. Dimensioning Checklist The dimension will be collectively referred from all the documents mentioned above in documents checklist to draft the frame cost center. The dimensioning for the frame, according to drafting standards, we mark the dimensions from the interior to the interior of the room. In addition to this, we must refer to the engineering drawings, Understanding all the components of the frame and their connection details is crucial, as outlined below: Generally we take below heights:- Ground Floor: 2.7 m First Floor: 2.4 m Once the floor heights are established, the stud sizes can be determined using the standard material chart attached below for both single and double-story buildings. Some standard points to refer regarding the framing that we should know:- The standard spacing for studs is either 450 mm or 600 mm. External wall stud spacing should be 450 mm. Internal wall spacing should be 600 mm. 7. Example- the above image shows the different standard sizes of the Internal load-bearing wall spacing should also be 450 mm. timber components that we take to work on working drawings The standard lengths for pine are available in the following measurements: 1.8 m, 2.1 m, 2.4 m, 2.7 m, 3 m, 3.6 m, 4.2 m, 4.8 m, and 6 m.  2. Dimensioning Checklist The dimension will be collectively referred from all the documents mentioned above in documents checklist to draft the frame cost center. Windows to be centerline as per FLOOR PLAN room and external elevation In floor plan we mark the interior to interior dimension of the room and the 90mm stud frame. Mark Void Mark the 35mm step down for the shower area. 35mm shower step down Room Interior Mark the step down for the Porch and alfresco 2 Dimension brick down (172mm), Garage- 1 brick down (86mm) (The step down should be considered in frame cross checked through Slab Layout cost center to take the correct heights for elevations and section ) Total To check and adjust the centerline of the windows Dimension and coordinate with the window and brick cost 8. Example- the above images shows the Framing Floor Plan with reflecting center for the correct placement of the windows. how the dimensions are marked in working drawings. Garage Floor to To take 100mm clearance around the door and Ceiling Height windows for the architrave. Garage overall ELEVATION Height Mark the Floor to ceiling height as per mentioned in tender. Mark the Total building height ( till ridge) Mark the garage Floor to ceiling height and the overall height including the parapet of the lower roof. Floor to ceiling 9. Example- the above images shows the Framing Elevations with Mark the porch opening height and overall height reflecting how the dimensions are marked in working drawings. Height of the porch. Total Parapet Garage 86mm Dimension Height Step down  The section detail is here to understand how the Frame carpenter works out the final height of the building as per Frame section drawings. CL Top plate For an architect it is important to know how the frame Ribbon carpenter consider the heights as per the frame plate components. The frame component sizes are referred from the table 2.55M attached in the previous slide and also referred from the engineering drawings. Stud The Floor to Ceiling height is taken from the Top of floor to the top of the Ribbon Plate. Yellow Tongue Then the Top Plate is taken as per table (90 x 35mm pine 10 MPA) FL Bottom plate Pine 10 MPA Timber is the grade of structural timber Floor Joist commonly used in construction. (300MM TO 400MM) CL Top plate MPA refers to the strength rating of the timber, which is Ribbon typically measured in megapascals (MPa). Plate plate Pin usually refers to Pinus radiata, a type of softwood commonly used in construction, especially in Australia. 10. Example- the above images shows the Framing sections with reflecting Details are to be made and how the heights are referred. MGP10: Compressive strength around 10 MPa, 2.7M commonly used in residential construction for framing. Notes Stud MGP12: Compressive strength around 12 MPa, used All the sizes of frame component to be taken from when higher load-bearing capacity is needed. the engineering drawings F5, F7: These are also strength classes used in Australia The Floor level (FL) TO Ceiling Level (CL) Height to be FL Bottom plate and New Zealand, with F7 being stronger than F5, taken from tender Yellow Tongue referring to visual or machine-graded timber with The floor joist and flooring board information refer to 11. Example- the above images shows the Framing Detail for Height of different MPa values. the particular estimation and drafting manuals different components of the frame.  Left of the Y - Axis ‘y’ How to do the Dimensioning of plans as per Melvis Standards Firstly we divide the plans centrally on both axis ‘x’ and ‘y’. We generally provide the room dimension in 4 major lines, sometimes extra line of dimension is provided so no room Above X – Axis or space is left unconsidered. ‘X’ ‘X’ First line represent the Overall Dimensions. Below X – Axis Second line represent the porch or alfresco and the remaining frame dimension. (to be marked on all sides) Third line represent detail dimension of all the spaces wall to wall. Fourth line represent all the void and niche dimensions. 12. Example- the above images shows How do we do the dimensioning of the plan All these dimension line should be spaced at 1000mm ‘y’ Right of the Y - Axis distance from each other. 1000mm The internal most dimension line should be kept 2500 mm 1000mm away from the external wall line. 1000mm ‘X’ – AXIS – We mark all the spaces dimension above the x- axis line on the top part of the plan and all the space below the X- axis line bottom part of the plan. 2500mm Similarly, ‘Y’- AXIS - we mark all the spaces dimension left of Y – axis line on left side of the plan and all the spaces on right of Y- axis on the right side of the plan. We need to check that every dimension should end with zero numeric. 13. Example- the above images shows what dimension line spaces we usually take  Engineering drawings of the frame provide architects with the technical 1B are the beams either PFC Engineering drawing understanding required to create safe, functional, and aesthetically cohesive or of Timber followed as per buildings. Therefore important to know how to read the drawings. given member schedule in engineering drawing. DS, TS, QS, FS are the 1L are the lintels placed timber studs. Double over windows and Studs, Triple studs, doors. quad studs & Five studs respectively PFC are the prefabricated channels used where higher strength beams are required. 14. Example- the above images shows the Engineering drawing for ground LVL Laminated veneer lumber (LVL) is one of the most floor frame components widely used engineered wood products for constructional applications. It is manufactured from multiple thin layers of veneer.  Engineering drawings Provides us the sizes of frame components by following Engineering drawing different legend provided below. 15. Example- the above images shows the Engineering drawing for first floor frame components RL are the lintels placed over windows and doors. Note- For more detail information refer to the engineering M1 are the metal diagonal bracing & P1 are the Plywood drawings Bracing 16.Example- the above images shows the Engineering drawing Legends used in drawings  For construction method we need to follow the engineering drawings to know the connection details of the different components and the installation YouTube link. 3. Method of Construction When it comes to timber framing, the AS1684 standard provides the design and sizes further used by engineers ( For more info refer the above Australian Standard) To know the detailed process of Frame structure on site follow the link below: Pre-Fabricated - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=syCi65I_9hw Stick Build - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WjCASxRcrV4 Note- For connection details follow engineering drawing and Frame hardware Manual. 4. Notes There are two type of notes Generic and mandatory Notes. 5. Notes Index GENERAL NOTES MANDATORY NOTES NCC 2022 NOTES: House construction compliance with Follow the checklist provided by ncc 2022 Melvic. Pliable building membrane in Provide extra noggings for fireplace. external walls to be vapor provide x shower permeable, comply with as/nzs Mark all dimensions as per frame FLOOR PLAN 4200.1 layout. NOTES WILL REFLECT ON SHEETS Flow rate and discharge of exhaust provide x tile shower system in accordance with ncc. base. Mark Floor to Garage parapet All structural timber framing sizes to height. be in accordance with a.S. 1684 - Mark floor heights. 2006 national timber framing code over all building heights. & or engineers structural Marked Lintel/beams of above computations. Projections. GARAGE WALL ELEVATIONS FRAMING NOTES: Mark Void. AND BALCONY Timber roof trusses to Mark the step down in elevation. AND DETAIL manufacturers computations and SECTIONS layouts. Provide extra noggings for fireplace  Having the knowledge of estimation provides us the cost effective, value engineering and risk management 6. Estimation What we have learnt from estimation manuals? What we have to add in estimation manuals? The estimation manuals provides the basic introduction to all the material The drop is component of the Frame and also provides the knowledge of calculating the decided as per 50MM (min) Drop the waste pipe particulars through which we make sure that every thing needed in working from inside to the drawing for estimator is there. gradient needed. balcony area. Cost Control and Budgeting By understanding the cost of framing, we can ensure their designs are within the client’s budget. Material Selection We must be aware of how different framing materials impact the overall The parapet project cost should be raised to ensure the Impact on Other Building Systems water proofing. The frame estimation often affects other building systems, such as electrical, plumbing, and HVAC. An oversized or expensive frame might require cost adjustments in other areas. Client Communication and Transparency By understanding frame estimation, architects can provide accurate and transparent information to clients. 17. Example- the above images shows the Balcony detail. A balcony raise and drop detail should be added in estimation manual. The PO for the same detail should be added. Also the inspection checklist should consist the stage to check the balcony detail. The estimation manual should also have the details of exterior and internal flooring boards ( yellow tounge and secura flooring). The termite protection should also be added in the same. 7. X-REF We will X-REF Sketch Sitting and and Slab Slab Layout Layout,for Drainer the final andcheck section of for thethe Framing final check of theofhouse. the Framing of the house. SLAB LAYOUT FLOOR PLAN ELEVATION X-REF We will X-REF Sketch and Slab Layout, Drainer and section for the final check of the Framing of the house. X-REF FRAME OVER SLAB TO CHECK (To check the slab line matches with the frame line) FLOOR PLAN ELEVATION X-REF We will X-REF Sketch and Slab Layout, Drainer and section for the final check of the Framing of the house. SKETCH LAYOUT OF GROUND FLOOR FLOOR PLAN ELEVATION X-REF X-REF FRAME OVER SKETCH TO CHECK (To check external and internal FLOOR PLAN frame walls) ELEVATION NOTE- We will also x-ref over windows cost center to check centerline placement  X-REF We will X-REF Sketch and Slab Layout, Drainer and section for the final check of the Framing of the house. FRAME (GROUND FLOOR) FLOOR PLAN ELEVATION  X-REF We will X-REF Sketch and Slab Layout, Drainer and section for the final check of the Framing of the house. X-REF FRAME OVER DRAINER TO CHECK (To check correctFLOOR placement PLAN of waste points and fixtures) ELEVATION X-REF We will X-REF Sketch and Slab Layout, Drainer and section for the final check of the Framing of the house. X-REF SECTION OVER ELEVATION TO CHECK (To check Height of walls and total height) FLOOR PLAN ELEVATION  Drafting Checklist will help to double check if the frame cost center drawings are made correctly and has 8. Drafting Checklist covered each and every detail for minimum error drawings resulting in minimum error on site. Check for all the design guidelines , building regulations town planning permit conditions are being followed. While drawing the working drawing double check all the information of sketch. Check the floor to ceiling height through Tender. Check the frame component sizes through engineering drawing and double check if the final height matches the working drawing as per component sizes. Check the spacing of dimension lines. Check for the step-down in porch, alfresco , garage and balcony. Check the step-downs Porch and Alfresco- 172mm (Brick ) Porch and Alfresco- 100mm (Hebel), Shower Base- 35mm and Garage- 86mm (Step downs to be considered as per 1 brick or 2 brick step downs). Cross check all the lintels marked in dotted line for porch, alfresco, garage and voids. Check the centerline of the door & windows per space and add 100mm around the door window for the bearing ( can also be found in the engineering drawing). Will check all the internal room dimensions are provided and cross check stud sizes from the engineering drawing. Check the total dimension including the frame and internal room dimensions. Provide section detail for the better understanding of total height consider each element of the frame. Cross check the frame drawing with the site plan, slab, windows , brick and cladding through X-REF. 9. Quesionnaire Ques -1 What is the importance of creating these 9 Checklist? Ques-2 Which document do we refer to check the floor height to ceiling height? Ques -3 Which clause of Building regulations do we consider for the height restriction of the building? Ques -4 What is the sequence of the drawings in which it is made ? Ques -5 What all dimensions are required for self explanatory working drawing for frame carpenter to understand? Ques- 6 What spacing Melvic takes for the dimension lines? Ques-7 What are the different types of frame components? Ques-8 What is the method of the frame carpenter to calculate the total height of the building and what frame component are considered? Ques -9 What information do we get from the engineering drawing , mention all the components and its full name as it is marked in the engineering drawing? Ques -10 Why do we need to understand the estimation process? Ques -11 Which Australian Standards do we follow for the frame cost center? Ques – 12 What are the mandatory notes to be added in the sheet and on which sheet do we add the notes? Ques -13 How X-REF can help us drawing the frame and what other cost center do we need to X-REF? Ques – 14 Mention all the drafting checklist points to be considered for the checking of drawings? THANK YOU