Phonetics 5 Past Paper PDF

SUPRASEGMENTALS: STRESS — In English, most words have a stressed syllable. In English, stress typically increases the duration and loudness of the vowel in that syllable. Where does stress fall in the following words? a. elephant b. garage c. October — Notice how the schwa vowel [ə] doesn’t have t...

SUPRASEGMENTALS: STRESS — In English, most words have a stressed syllable. In English, stress typically increases the duration and loudness of the vowel in that syllable. Where does stress fall in the following words? a. elephant b. garage c. October — Notice how the schwa vowel [ə] doesn’t have the primary stress of a word: [ɛ.lə.fənt] 24 SUPRASEGMENTALS : STRESS — Audible indicators of stress: stressed syllables tend to be louder, longer and a bit higher pitched than unstressed syllables. — Primary stress is marked as follows: [ˈmɪ.sɪz] [gə.ˈraʒ] 25 SUPRASEGMENTALS: STRESS — Sometimes, we can make stress more noticeable (e.g. by further increasing loudness). In English, what function does stress seem to have in the following sentences? a. I want the red pen. b. I asked for chocolate ice cream. c. It was a bear I saw! (not a dog) 26 SUPRASEGMENTALS: STRESS — Does English utilize stress in other ways? Consider: digest digest conflict conflict combat combat insult insult There is a ________ in my schedule. Our schedules _________. 27 SUPRASEGMENTALS : LENGTH — In English, length alone cannot change the meaning of a word—though sometimes we use it to add emphasis, like stress: — — — — I hated that movie. I haaaated that movie. I love chocolate cake. I loooooove chocolate cake. 28 SUPRASEGMENTALS : LENGTH — Some languages do make distinctions between words based on the length of certain sounds. — Danish [vilə] wild [menə] remind [viːlə] rest [meːnə] mean 29