Phonetics 4 PDF

Vowels – Tongue height (high, mid, low) One feature is not enough. Need to differentiate further: — High – [i] beet, [ɪ] bit, [u] boot, [ʊ] book — Mid – [e] bait, [ɛ] bet, [ə] about, [ʌ] but, [o] boat, [ɔ] door — Low – [æ] bat , [a] cot 26 IPA: Vowels Let’s Practice: Identify these vowels accordi...

Vowels – Tongue height (high, mid, low) One feature is not enough. Need to differentiate further: — High – [i] beet, [ɪ] bit, [u] boot, [ʊ] book — Mid – [e] bait, [ɛ] bet, [ə] about, [ʌ] but, [o] boat, [ɔ] door — Low – [æ] bat , [a] cot 26 IPA: Vowels Let’s Practice: Identify these vowels according to tongue backness and height. [u] as in boot __________________back , high__________________ [i] as in beet ______________________________________________ [e] as in bait ______________________________________________ [a] as in bomb ______________________________________________ 27 Vowels Using Vowel Backness and Vowel Height, we can create the following vowel chart: Front Central beet [i] bit [ɪ] bait [e] bet [ɛ] Back boot [u] book [ʊ] about [ə] but [ʌ] bat [æ] High boat [o] Mid bore [ɔ] Low cot [a] 28 Vowels But we still need to be able to differentiate for example [i] & [ɪ] bit; [u] & [ʊ] put; [e] & [ɛ] let. Front Central beet [i] bit [ɪ] bait [e] bet [ɛ] Back boot [u] book [ʊ] about [ə] but [ʌ] bat [æ] High boat [o] Mid bore [ɔ] cot [a] Low 29 Vowels – Tenseness (Tense/Lax) — Tense: muscles tensed/tighter [i] [e] [u] [o] [a] — Lax: muscles a bit more relaxed [ɪ] [ɛ] [æ] [ʌ] [ə] [ʊ] [ɔ] 30