Compare and Contrast Security Controls PDF

1.1 Compare and contrast various types of security controls Security controls are the safeguards and countermeasures implemented to protect an organization's information assets from various threats and vulnerabilities. These controls can be categorized into technical, managerial, operational, and p...

1.1 Compare and contrast various types of security controls Security controls are the safeguards and countermeasures implemented to protect an organization's information assets from various threats and vulnerabilities. These controls can be categorized into technical, managerial, operational, and physical types, each serving different purposes in maintaining information security. Technical Controls Hardware & Software Automated Monitoring Technical controls include firewalls, Intrusion detection systems, security encryption, access controls, and antivirus information and event management (SIEM), software that protect systems and data. and log management tools monitor system activity. Network Security Identity & Access Virtual private networks (VPNs), secure Multi-factor authentication, biometrics, and protocols, and segmentation of networks limit privileged access management regulate who unauthorized access and data exposure. can access systems and information. Managerial controls Managerial controls are security measures implemented by management to mitigate risks and protect an organization's assets. These controls focus on policies, procedures, and management practices that guide employee behavior and ensure compliance with regulations. 1. Risk assessment and management: Identifying, analyzing, and addressing potential threats to the organization. 2. Incident response and business continuity planning: Establishing protocols to detect, respond to, and recover from security incidents. 3. Security awareness and training: Educating employees on security best practices and their role in maintaining a secure environment. Operational Controls 1 Training and Awareness Educating employees on security policies, procedures, and best practices to ensure they understand and follow security protocols. 2 Incident Response Defined processes for detecting, responding to, and recovering from security incidents to minimize the impact and prevent future occurrences. 3 Continuous Monitoring Regularly reviewing and auditing security controls to identify and address vulnerabilities before they can be exploited. Physical Controls Physical security controls are tangible measures that protect facilities, assets, and people from unauthorized access or harm. These include locks, fences, surveillance cameras, biometric scanners, and security personnel monitoring entry points. Physical controls create physical barriers and deterrents to prevent, delay, or detect security breaches. They are a critical layer in a comprehensive security strategy, complementing technical, managerial, and operational controls. Preventive Controls Access Controls 1 Restricting access to authorized personnel only 2 Firewalls Controlling network traffic to prevent unauthorized access Encryption 3 Protecting data from disclosure through secure communication protocols Preventive controls are designed to stop security incidents from occurring in the first place. They include technical measures like access controls, firewalls, and encryption that create barriers to prevent unauthorized access or data breaches. These proactive controls help organizations mitigate risks by reducing the likelihood of successful attacks. Deterrent Controls 1 Visibility 2 Surveillance 3 Monitoring Deterrent controls aim to discourage or prevent security breaches before they occur. These include making security measures highly visible, implementing surveillance systems, and actively monitoring for suspicious activities. The goal is to create a strong deterrent that convinces potential attackers to look elsewhere. Detective Controls Monitoring Systems 1 Implementing surveillance cameras, motion sensors, and access logs to detect security breaches and suspicious activities. Auditing and Logging 2 Maintaining detailed logs of system activities, user actions, and security events for later review and analysis. Intrusion Detection 3 Using specialized software and hardware to identify unauthorized access attempts, network anomalies, and potential attacks in real-time. Corrective Controls Corrective controls are designed to address and fix security breaches or incidents that have already occurred. These controls aim to restore normal operations, minimize the impact of the incident, and prevent it from happening again. Corrective controls can include incident response plans, disaster recovery procedures, and backup systems. They ensure that organizations can quickly identify, contain, and recover from security breaches. Compensating Controls What are Compensating Controls? Examples Compensating controls are alternative security Using multi-factor authentication as a measures implemented when a primary control is compensating control when password not feasible or effective. They aim to achieve the complexity requirements cannot be enforced. same security objective as the primary control. Implementing enhanced monitoring and logging as a compensating control when When are they used? physical access controls are limited. Compensating controls are employed when the Implementing additional training and organization cannot implement a recommended awareness programs as a compensating or required control due to technical, financial, or control when technical controls cannot be operational constraints. They provide an deployed. alternative way to mitigate risks. Directive Controls Policies Authority Compliance Directive controls establish Directive controls give These controls compel mandatory policies and management the authority to employees to adhere to security procedures that employees enforce security measures and protocols, reducing the risk of must follow to ensure security hold employees accountable for human error or intentional compliance. their actions. security breaches. Implementing a Layered Security Approach Effective cybersecurity requires a multi-layered approach, using a combination of technical, managerial, operational, and physical security controls. This layered approach provides depth and redundancy, ensuring that if one control fails, other layers can still protect against threats. By implementing complementary security controls across different domains, organizations can create a robust security posture that is more resilient to attacks. This layered defense-in-depth strategy helps organizations mitigate risks and safeguard critical assets from a wide range of potential threats. Selecting Appropriate Security Controls Assess the Risks Evaluate the Align with Follow Best Conduct a thorough Costs Objectives Practices risk assessment to Consider the financial Choose security Leverage industry understand the and operational costs controls that support frameworks, standards, potential threats and of implementing and your organization's and best practices to vulnerabilities your maintaining different overall business goals guide the selection of organization faces. security controls. and objectives. Ensure security controls. This This will help guide the Perform a cost-benefit the controls enable helps ensure selection of the most analysis to ensure you rather than hinder comprehensive appropriate security select controls that operations and coverage and controls. provide the best value. productivity. compliance with regulations. Conclusion and Key Takeaways Layered Security Selecting Appropriate Continuous Approach Controls Improvement Effective cybersecurity requires Organizations should assess Regularly reviewing and a multi-layered strategy, using a risks, evaluate costs, align optimizing the security controls combination of technical, controls with business is essential to adapt to evolving managerial, operational, and objectives, and follow industry threats and ensure the physical security controls to best practices to choose the protection of critical assets over create a robust and resilient most effective security time. security posture. measures. Practice Exam Questions 1. Which type of security control 2. Which security control category aims to prevent incidents before they includes policies, procedures, and occur? responsibilities? A) Preventive controls A) Technical controls B) Detective controls B) Managerial controls C) Corrective controls C) Operational controls D) Compensating controls D) Physical controls Correct answer: Preventive controls. Preventive Correct answer: Managerial controls. Managerial controls are designed to stop security incidents controls focus on the management of security, from happening in the first place, such as access including policies, risk management, and security controls, firewalls, and encryption. awareness training. Practice Exam Questions 3. Which type of security control 4. Which security control category aims to detect and alert on potential includes physical measures like security incidents? locks, cameras, and guards? A) Deterrent controls A) Technical controls B) Directive controls B) Managerial controls C) Detective controls C) Operational controls D) Corrective controls D) Physical controls Correct answer: Detective controls. Detective Correct answer: Physical controls. Physical controls, such as logging, monitoring, and controls are the physical security measures in intrusion detection systems, are designed to place to protect assets, such as building access, identify and alert on potential security breaches. surveillance, and security personnel. Practice Exam Questions 5. Which security control aims to discourage or deter potential attackers from attempting to breach security? A) Preventive controls B) Deterrent controls C) Detective controls D) Corrective controls Correct answer: Deterrent controls. Deterrent controls, such as security signage, security cameras, and security guards, are meant to discourage and deter potential attackers from attempting to breach security. Further resources https://examsdigest.com/ https://guidesdigest.com/ https://labsdigest.com/ https://openpassai.com/