Specific Hazards PDF

11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 1 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS SPECIFIC HAZARDS 11/5-00.00 FIRE PREVENTION/SPECIFIC HAZARDS B 3/90 -03. ACID/CORROSIVE MATERIAL STORAGE (DIVISION 72).01 GENERAL Drum...

11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 1 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS SPECIFIC HAZARDS 11/5-00.00 FIRE PREVENTION/SPECIFIC HAZARDS B 3/90 -03. ACID/CORROSIVE MATERIAL STORAGE (DIVISION 72).01 GENERAL Drums or carboys shall not be stacked more than two containers high unless they are placed on pallets. The Code specifically states that the drums or carboys may be stacked to a height of 12 feet when placed on pallets. When pallets are used, the drums or carboys may not extend beyond the width of the pallet. Ordinarily, where this type storage is utilized, the occupancy will be inspected by the Fire Prevention Bureau. (57.72.11) Corrosive materials shall be stored separately from oxidizing materials, flammable solids, liquids or gases, combustible materials or dangerous chemicals and other non-compatible materials. (57.72.10).05 SAFEGUARDS A. DIKES AND DRAINS: Impounding basins or drainage facilities shall be provided where, in the opinion of the Chief, accidental spillage or rupture of the container might endanger lives or property. (57.72.30) B. DILUTION AND NEUTRALIZATION: Areas used for the storage or processing of corrosive materials shall be equipped with at least one of the following: 1. Water outlets, with attached hose, for adequate dilution and flushing of spills to a safe location. 2. A covered and labeled container of absorbent-neutralizer mixture suitable for the neutralization and absorption of corrosive material spills. There shall not be less than one such container holding 50 pounds of an absorbent-neutralizer mixture. (57.72.31) C. SPECIAL EQUIPMENT: A deluge water-shower and eye flusher, with the water piping carrying a pressure not exceeding 25 lbs., shall be provided near each area where corrosive materials which may burn, irritate, or otherwise be harmful to persons, are stored, processed, or used. Shower and eye flusher shall be connected to a potable water supply line. (57.72.32) Typical corrosives: Acetyl Chloride, Benzoyl Chloride, Bromine, Chlorine, Chromic Acid Solution, Hydrochloric (Muriatic) Acid, Hydrogen Peroxide (8 to 45%), Nitric Acid, Sulfur Trioxide, Sulfuric Acid..99 PHRASEOLOGY A. All acid storage on premises shall be located (area) and a flushing water system (or other means) provided to safely neutralize or dilute any spill. (57.72.31) B. Provide an impounding basin or wall around the storage area to prevent accidental discharge of corrosive liquids from endangering adjacent tanks, adjoining property or reaching waterways, sewers or drains. Dike to be at least high and wide. (57.72.30) C. Maintain the storage of corrosive materials outside of buildings at least five feet from buildings or property lines. (57.72.13) 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 2 D. Provide and maintain warning signs in (state storage or process areas). Signs stating "Warning - Corrosive Materials" with letters not less than three inches high on contrasting background shall be posted at any location where such material is stored or processed. (57.72.05B) -06. AEROSOLS, FLAMMABLE (DIVISION 30).01 GENERAL Flammable aerosol dispensers shall comply with the applicable provisions of Division 30 of the Fire Code. Flammable aerosols are classed as a Class 1A liquid. Flammable aerosols may be displayed in retail sales areas if they are limited to a total of 30 gallons. (57.30.19) The quantity of flammable aerosols displayed may be doubled for areas protected by an automatic sprinkler system. (57.30.19) Reserve supplies in excess of 30 gallons in unsprinklered buildings or 60 gallons in a sprinklered building shall be stored in a room separated from the retail sales area and approved by the Fire Department or in a hazardous materials storage cabinet, or in a hazardous materials storage room. The room or cabinet may be used for the storage of other flammable liquids besides aerosols. (Ref. 11/5-45.80) For retail paint stores, refer to 57.30.25 of the Fire Code..99 PHRASEOLOGY A. Provide a (hazardous materials storage cabinet/separate room) for the storage of flammable aerosols in excess of (30/60) gallons. (57.30.19) -08. AMMUNITION (DIVISION 55).01 GENERAL This section applies to 0.75 caliber or less small arms ammunition designed to be fired from a pistol, rifle, shotgun or automatic weapon..02 STORAGE Over 1,000 lbs. of small arms ammunition requires the approval of the Fire Prevention Bureau as to location, fire protection equipment, warning placards and signs. (F-44 to FPB) Over 500 lbs. of small arms ammunition shall be stored in an approved manner and location. (57.55.10) Amounts of 500 lbs. or less must be isolated from combustible material and sources of heat or ignition and stored in closed containers, securely and compactly stacked in a well-ventilated area. Recommend wire mesh cages with doors for storage of ammunition to ensure isolation and protection. When storage of ammunition exceeds 500 lbs., additional portable fire extinguishers shall be provided as needed. Quantities in excess of 5,000 lbs. shall be stored in a room of one-hour fire-resistive construction. Door openings therein shall be protected by one-hour fire assemblies. Such rooms shall be equipped with an automatic sprinkler system. 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 3.03 SEPARATION Small arms ammunition shall be separated from flammable liquids, flammable solids, and oxidizing materials by a one-hour, fire resistive separation or by a distance of 25 feet..04 APPROVAL Small arms ammunition shall not be stored with Class A or Class B explosives unless the storage facility is approved by the Chief..05 PERMITS Quantity of small arms ammunition over 1,000 lbs. on the premises requires a fire permit as specified in Division 4 of the Fire Code..99 PHRASEOLOGY A. All ammunition on premises must be stored in closed containers, securely and compactly stacked in (location). (57.55.10 & 57.70.10) B. Provide an additional (type) portable extinguisher (location). (57.140.10E) -12. AUTO FUELING STATIONS AND PUBLIC GARAGES (DIVISION 100).01 GENERAL An auto fueling station is defined as any structure used for dispensing Class-I liquids, Class-II or Class-III liquids, or liquefied flammable gas from an approved dispensing apparatus into the fuel tank of motor vehicles or approved portable container. This division of the Fire Code doesn't apply to bulk distributing stations that are regulated by Division 92 of the Fire Code..02 VENTILATION (57.100.04) If mechanical ventilation is a part of the installation, it must operate when any dispenser is in use..04 DRAINAGE (57.100.05) In the area where vehicles are fueled, drainage shall be such that any spill of flammable or combustible liquids will not flow into buildings or to an area where it would constitute a fire or explosion hazard. Improper drainage may be found after resurfacing of the area..13 SWEEPING AND ABSORBING COMPOUNDS (57.100.07) Whenever a sweeping or absorbing compound is used, it must be removed at once and stored in all metal containers with tight fitting lids pending disposal. 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 4.17 TRANSFER BETWEEN TANKS (57.100.09) Transfer of Class-I or Class-II liquids from one tank to another shall be in accordance with methods approved by the Chief and shall only be done using approved transfer and equipment and not with regular dispensers..22 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS GENERAL The use of Class I, II or III liquids for undercoating, painting and/or spraying is prohibited in any auto fueling station. In a public garage it must be done in accordance with Division 80 and 57.100.36. No Class-I liquid shall be used for cleaning of parts or be allowed to be used for any other similar purposes, in any auto fueling station. Class-II or Class-III liquids (flash point above 100 degrees Fahrenheit) may be used for washing of parts. (57.100.34). When flammable liquids are used for cleaning parts, only approved parts-washing equipment shall be used. The only flammable liquids allowed inside an auto fueling station building are packaged items such as polishes, cleaning fluids, etc. These must be received in approved containers and resold in their original sealed condition. (57.100.13) Combustible liquids may be stored inside buildings in approved containers not over 60 gallons in capacity. (57.100.13).26 EMPTY DRUMS AND CONTAINERS (57.100.11) Containers over five-gallon capacity which have contained flammable liquids shall not be stored at an auto fueling station or public garage premises unless all vapors have been removed. Containers used for transportation or refilling may be allowed..30 SOURCES OF IGNITION (57.100.12) No open flame within 25 feet of any dispenser, except approved heaters..35 HEATERS IN AUTO FUELING STATIONS (57.100.32) Heaters installed in auto fueling stations shall be approved by the Department of Building & Safety, prior to installation. The installation and use of these heaters shall conform with the requirements of the Department of Building & Safety and manufacturer's recommendations. ELECTRIC HEATERS A. Approved air heaters may be used in service station buildings where installation is at least eight feet above the floor, or in accordance with all provisions of the L.A.M.C. Electrical Code. B. The heater must be approved for Class I, Division I locations in accordance with all the provisions of the L.A.M.C. (Electrical Code) Article 500. C. Heaters shall be located at least 10 feet from any point within reach of any fuel dispensing nozzle. 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 5.37 SELF-SERVICE (57.100.22) Self-service dispensing of flammable liquids in auto fueling stations is permitted in Los Angeles, subject to the provisions of the Municipal Code and the terms and conditions of the required fire permit. A self-service auto fueling station (open to the public) may operate in one of the following approved configurations: 1. "Console" type with an operator in a booth or inside the retail sales store with full view of all islands and pumps. The operator has a switch for each pump, a master switch for all islands, and pilot lights on each switch. 2. "Combination" type operation with part self-service and part full service. There must be an emergency shutoff switch on the premises that shuts off all pumps..38 REQUIREMENTS FOR SELF-SERVICE (57.100.22) Self-service dispensing may be allowed provided: 1. That an approved remote-control console or other approved system is installed. 2. That automatic nozzles with latch open devices, where installed, are of an approved type and properly maintained in good repair. 3. That there is a valid fire permit for the particular type of auto fueling operation at each auto fueling station location..39 NOZZLES AND HOSE (57.100.22) A. There are two types of nozzles presently used for the dispensing of motor fuel in auto fueling stations: the non-automatic (manual) type, where the attendant is required to hold the nozzle during the entire operation of dispensing motor fuel into the vehicle's tank; and the automatic type, where the attendant is not required to hold the nozzle while dispensing motor fuel into the vehicle's tank. 1. The non-automatic (manual) type shall provide a positive shut off and shall not leak. It shall bear the U.L. or other testing agency approval which has been accepted by the Fire Department. The use of a block of wood, the gas tank cap, or any similar device to hold the nozzle in the open position is strictly prohibited. 2. Only approved nozzles with hold-open devices shall be used for the automatic dispensing of motor fuel into any vehicle. If an automatic nozzle is encountered for which approval is doubtful, obtain the name of the manufacturer and the model number of the nozzle. The Engineering Unit of the Fire Prevention Bureau maintains a list of approved nozzles, and may be contacted for information. B. Dispenser hoses are not to be over 14 feet long, including the nozzle. If a longer hose is needed, refer to the Fire Prevention Bureau by F-44 for approval. Hose must be maintained in good condition. Check for worn out spots, physical damages, crushing, etc..43 DISPENSING NEAR OPEN FLAME (57.100.24) No Class I, II, or IIIA liquids may be dispensed within 25 feet of open flame..48 DISPENSING INTO PORTABLE CONTAINERS (57.100.25): A. Class I, II or III liquids shall not be dispensed into portable containers that do not comply with Section 57.30.03. B. Flammable and combustible liquids shall be in approved metal or plastic containers not over five gallon capacity. (Table 30A) C. The contents of portable containers used for dispensing of Class I, II or III liquids must be clearly marked on the container. 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 6.52 REMOTE PUMPING SYSTEMS (57.100.26) These installations are sometimes referred to as "pressure delivery" systems. One pump, located in or near an underground tank, supplies flammable liquid under pressure to one or more dispensers. Only the lines from the pump to the dispensers are subjected to pressure. There are no special inspection problems with this type of system..56 BASEMENT AND SUB-BASEMENT GARAGES (57.100.31) Repairs involving motor overhauling, open flame, automotive fueling systems, or the use of Class I or II liquids in any form, are prohibited in any basement or sub-basement garage..61 REPAIR WORK IN GARAGES (57.100.33) Repair and storage areas of garages shall be separated. Repair work involving the use of open flame shall be kept at least 25 feet from storage sections of garages..65 HOUSEKEEPING (57.100.35) Metal receptacles with tight fitting metal covers shall be used for the storage of oily waste and rubbish..69 SMOKING (57.100.37) Prohibited except in offices, rooms, or areas set aside for that purpose..74 SIGNS (57.100.40) "NO SMOKING - STOP MOTOR" signs having letters at least three inches high on a contrasting background shall be conspicuously posted. One of these signs is recommended over each pump island, not over eight feet high and visible from each side where automobiles can be serviced..78 EXTINGUISHERS (57.100.41) Portable fire extinguishers shall be provided at every auto fueling station: A. Every auto fueling station must have at least two separate extinguishers on its premises. B. Within 75 feet of every dispenser there shall be at least one portable fire extinguisher having a minimum rating of 2A, 20-BC. The second required 2A, 20-BC extinguisher shall be readily accessible. C. In public garages, portable extinguishers are to be provided for the type hazards found. (57.140.10) If dispensing of flammable material is done, the same requirements apply as those for auto fueling stations. D. AFS dispensing Liquefied Flammable Gas shall have two 10-BC extinguishers. One such portable fire extinguisher shall be located within 25 feet of the dispenser. (57.94.25).82 SHUT OFF-SWITCH A. A remote disconnecting switch is required for auto fueling stations with electrically-operated fuel dispensing apparatus. This switch shall be readily accessible from the dispensing apparatus and shall be posted with a permanent sign with letters one inch high stating "GAS PUMP SHUTOFF." (L.A.M.C. Electrical Code) B. The regular electrical panel may serve this purpose provided that it is clearly marked and accessible. (L.A.M.C. Electrical Code) 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 7.91 VENT PIPES (57.31.43) Every underground tank having only one fill opening shall be equipped with a vent pipe of not less than one and one-fourth inch nominal inside diameter. Tanks requiring vapor recovery systems shall have no less than one vent pipe with a nominal inside diameter of not less than two inches. Vent pipes shall have the capacity to prevent back-pressure development in tanks from exceeding 2.5 PSIG. All Class I liquid vent pipes shall be 18 inches above the highest point of any roof of any building within 15 feet of the point of termination. Vent pipes shall terminate 12 feet above the adjacent ground level and not less than 10 feet from building openings. They shall discharge only upward or horizontally to disperse vapors away from exposures and hazardous locations..99 PHRASEOLOGY A. Discontinue the use of gasoline for any cleaning purposes. Only material having a flash point greater than 100 degrees F. may be used for this purpose. (57.100.34) B. Discontinue the practice of using a (block of wood/gas tank cap) to keep nozzles in open position while dispensing gasoline. (57.100.22D) C. Discontinue dispensing (type material) from drums by (gravity/air pressure); all dispensing from drums must be done with an approved drum pump drawing from the top. (57.30.30) D. Provide metal containers with tight fitting lids for the storage of all rags which have been used with flammable liquids. (57.100.35) E. Remove and safely dispose of all empty containers over five gallon capacity which have contained flammable liquids. (57.100.11) F. Provide and maintain "No Smoking - Stop Motor" signs over each dispensing location or island. Signs shall have letters at least three inches high on sharply contrasting backgrounds and shall be conspicuously posted so that they are visible from every dispensing location. (57.100.40) G. Provide and maintain a sign at the auxiliary power shut-off switch stating, "Gas Pump Shutoff", in lettering at least one-inch high. (L.A.M.C. Electrical Code Chap. 9 93.514-5) H. Within 75 feet of every dispenser there shall be located at least one portable fire extinguisher having a minimum rating of 2A, 20-BC. Every auto fueling station must have at least two separate extinguishers on its premises. (57.100.41) A2 I. Provide and install approved portable extinguisher (s) at the following location (s): Fire extinguishers shall be immediately accessible at all times and mounted in an unobstructed location so that the top of the extinguisher is not more than five feet above the floor (gross weight not exceeding 40 lbs.). (57.140.09) E -14. BASEMENTS.01 GENERAL Basement storage of combustible material is not permissible when stored in such a manner as to create a fire hazard or contribute to the spread of fire. (57.57.06).10 BASEMENT SPRINKLERS In every building located in Fire District 1 and 2, (all commercial and manufacturing zones) every story which has a floor surface elevation more than four feet lower than the highest elevation of the floor landing or tread of any required exit from the story, shall be sprinklered. (91.1603. L.A.M.C. Plumbing Code) EXCEPTION Sprinklers need not be installed in locations expressly excepted in the Los Angeles Plumbing Code, provided other approved fire protection equipment is installed. 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 8 If illegal basement storage is found, issue notice to remove storage and discontinue practice of illegal storage. Any questions regarding basement storage problems should be directed to Legal Liaison..20 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS The storage of flammable liquids in basements is strictly prohibited. A maximum of 60 gallons of Class II combustible liquid, 120 gallons of Class IIIA combustible liquid and 180 gallons of Class IIIB may be stored in basements with a Special Permit, provided the basement has an approved automatic sprinkler system for that type of hazard. (57.30.45).30 BASEMENT AND SUB-BASEMENT GARAGES Repairs involving motor overhauling, open flame, automotive fueling systems, or the use of Class I or II liquids in any form are strictly prohibited. (57.100.31).40 LIQUEFIED FLAMMABLE GAS LFG dispensing apparatus shall be located not less than 25 feet from basements, cellars, or pits exceeding two feet in depth. (57.94.21).50 TANK INLET The filling pipe inlet connections used for transferring liquid or gaseous hazardous materials on consumers' premises shall not be located less than 15 feet from any opening into or under a building where such opening is below the level of the filling connections; or less than 10 feet from any building, street, or alley. (57.42.25).70 SLEEPING ROOMS Sleeping rooms in basements are prohibited by the Building Code unless every room has at least one operable window or exterior door approved for emergency escape or rescue. Violations of this requirement should be brought to the attention of the Building Department by forwarding an F-338 to the Building Standards Unit, Fire Prevention Bureau. (Ref. 91.1204 Building Code).99 PHRASEOLOGY A. Discontinue practice of storing (name items) (cite locations). Remove said items from the basement (subfloor, cellar, etc.). (57.57.06 & 57.20.36) B. Remove all rubbish, debris, and waste items from (locations). (57.57.04 & 57.20.36) C. Provide and maintain a foot aisle (cite locations) to allow access to all areas of storage area. (57.57.04) D. Reduce hazardous storage of combustible materials, remove (list items) from basement. Provide and maintain a foot aisle of clearance (location). (57.57.06 & 57.20.36) E. Discontinue the practice of storing or displaying Class I (flammable liquids) in basement. (57.30.25) 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 9 -18. BRUSH; GRASS AND VEGETATION (DIVISIONS 21 & 25).01 GENERAL The Brush & Grass Clearance Procedure is necessary where native brush, which by its proximity to any other hazardous vegetation, flammable material or structure has been deemed a fire hazard by this Department. Refer to Brush & Grass Clearance Procedure (Vol. 6, 11/3-70.50). A. REQUIRED MAINTENANCE: All hazardous vegetation or native brush situated within 200 feet of any structure, regardless of whether said structure is located upon such land or upon adjacent land, and all hazardous vegetation or native brush situated within 10 feet the outer edge or edges of the usable road surface of any highway, street, alley or driveway, shall be maintained at a height of not more than three inches above the ground. (57.21.07) EXCEPTION Nothing contained in the subsection shall be deemed to preclude the Chief from requiring more extensive and intensive firebreaks, when conditions necessitate greater fire protection measures. B. SPECIMEN NATIVE SHRUB: Unless otherwise indicated, specimen native brush or shrubs may be retained provided they do not exceed two hundred sixteen (216) cubic feet in volume, and provided they are spaced from other brush, flammable material or structures a distance equal to three times their diameter, but in no event less than 18 feet. An individual shrub shall be trimmed up one-third their height above the ground and all dead wood and combustible litter removed. C. PURPOSE: The purpose in cutting the brush to 3 inches above the ground is to leave the root structure undisturbed. If the property owner intends to put in permanent type landscaping without delay, the entire plant may be removed. When native brush is to be removed, the planting of a permanent type ground cover is always advisable. This will help prevent erosion and also eliminate the recurring brush clearance problem. D. EXCEPTION: The above requirements shall not apply to trees. Some chaparral plants occasionally reach tree status due mainly to size, and may have several trunks rather than the single one usually associated with a tree. Since there is no legal definition for tree in the Code, differentiation between tree and shrub will have to be a matter of judgment on the part of the inspector. In borderline cases, if a large plant of at least ten feet in height does not constitute an undue fire hazard and is trimmed up at least five feet from the ground, it may be desirable to consider it a tree and retain it in the interests of erosion control. The most common chaparral plants that occasionally reach tree size are: Blue Elderberry California Coffeeberry California Laurel or Bay California Walnut Laurel Sumac Oak Sugarbush Toyon Varieties of Ceanothus E. Other Vegetation: 1. All trees, shrubs, bushes and other growing vegetation or portions thereof shall be removed from within 10 feet of the outlet of any chimney. 2. All trees, shrubs, bushes and other growing vegetation or portions thereof adjacent to or overhanging any structure shall be kept free of dead limbs, branches, and other combustible matter. 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 10 3. All roof surfaces shall be kept free of substantial accumulations of leaves, needles, twigs, and other combustible matter..50 WEEDS, DEAD TREES, ETC. OUTSIDE THE MOUNTAIN FIRE DISTRICT Use a F-1308 for hazard correction of violations concerning hazardous vegetation outside the Mountain Fire District or Fire Buffer Zone. Refer to Vol. 6 11/3-70.01 and Fire Code Section 57.21.07. For these types of vegetation, Fire Code requirements are as follows: A. Weeds: 200 feet of clearance from structures and 10 feet from the outer edge or edges of the usable road surface of any highway, street, alley or driveway at a height of not more than three inches. B. Dead Trees: (Abandoned citrus groves, orchards, etc.) within 200 feet from structures. C. Combustible fences: Maintain all weeds and other vegetation located within 10 feet of any combustible fence at a height of not more than three inches. These requirements shall not require the removal of trees, ornamental shrubbery or plants which are used as ground cover, provided such do not provide a ready fuel supply to augment the spread or intensity of a fire, nor require the removal of native shrubs which meet the requirements..60 MOUNTAIN FIRE DISTRICT - POSTING The Chief may prohibit open burning and smoking in the Mountain Fire District when open burning or smoking would present an extraordinary fire or life hazard (Sec. 57.25.02 & 57.25.14 L.A.M.C.). Such districts shall be posted by suitable signs. At the beginning of the brush fire season, it is necessary for the affected fire companies to survey their districts to see if there is: 1. Need for additional signs to maximize exposure; and 2. Need for replacement and/or repair of existing signs. EXCEPTION Residents, private property owners, invitees, or any public officer in the pursuit of their duties shall not be prohibited from entering into, upon, or across posted property. A. The words "No Smoking" and "Restricted Entry" shall be in letters no smaller than three inches and 1-3/4 inches in height on their respective signs. (57.25.02) B. The following guidelines should be observed whenever possible: 1. A sign shall be posted at the entrance to the property concerned. 2. A sign at each corner and at 600-foot intervals along the boundaries of the concerned property. 3. There should be a sign approximately 300 feet inside the entrance to the property and at the entrance to branch roads, trails, etc. 4. Signs should be posted approximately 8 feet above the ground. 5. Where posting signs on lath is necessary, signs should be located away from paths and trails. 6. Signs shall be posted by the station in whose district the property is located. 7. The large and semi-permanent signs shall be the responsibility of the station in whose district they are located. 8. A periodic check and replacement shall be made as necessary. C. NEW INSTALLATION/REPAIR/REPLACEMENT: The Department of Transportation, Bureau of Traffic Management will install, repair or replace signs as needed. Company Commanders will telephone the District Office nearest the problem. The Department of Transportation, Bureau of Traffic Management District Offices are located as follows: 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 11 Central District City Wide Special Traffic Operations 1060 N. Vignes St. Room 102 213 237-1214 or 213 580-5218 East Valley District 6320 Van Nuys Blvd. Ste. 506, Van Nuys, CA Ext. 3-8441 West Valley District 19040 Vanowen St., Reseda, CA Ext. 3-8784 Western District 1645 Corinth Ave., Los Angeles Ext. 2-8484 Hollywood-Wilshire District 6430 Sunset Blvd., Ste. 521, Los Angeles Ext. 5-4282 Southern District 638 Beacon St., Los Angeles Ext. 8-7651.99 PHRASEOLOGY A. Maintain at least 200 feet around or adjacent to any structure completely free from dry weeds, grass, or other hazardous vegetation. (57.21.07) B. All native brush, weeds, grass or hazardous vegetation within 10 feet of any roadway or combustible fence shall not exceed a maximum of three inches above ground level. (57.21.07) C. Trees, ornamental shrubbery or other plants adjacent to any structure shall be free of dead limbs and other combustible matter and shall be no closer than 10 feet from any chimney. Roof surfaces shall be maintained free of accumulated dry vegetation. (57.21.07) D. Remove and safely dispose of all cut vegetation. (57.21.07) -21. BUILDING MAINTENANCE (57.01.03/57.01.22/57.20.16).01 GENERAL When any fire protective construction does not meet the minimum fire safety requirements, it shall be restored to its original condition, or made to conform to the regulations of the Building Code (91.8604). Use F-338. In Group R-1 occupancies, more than two stories in height, transoms and openings other than doors from public corridors to guest rooms and dwelling units shall be closed and solidly covered with material which will provide the same degree of fire resistiveness as provided by adjacent corridor walls. Notify Building and Safety, Bureau of Community Safety, with an F-338 if violations or problems are encountered. All existing buildings three or more stories in height which contain Group R-1 occupancies and which were erected prior to January 1, 1943, shall comply with the following: A. CLOSURE OF DOORS. All required stair shaft and area separation doors shall be equipped with approved self-closing devices and electrically operated hold-open devices designed to release the door by the activation of smoke detectors located on each side of the doorway and within 12 inches of the ceiling. 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 12 B. SPRINKLERS. All interior stairways, hallways, exits and storage or closet areas adjacent thereto shall be provided with an approved automatic sprinkler system connected with an alarm system that emits an audible signal throughout the premises. In any room having a door opening into an interior hallway, stairway or exitway, a sprinkler head shall be located inside the room directly over the door. Sprinklers so installed shall be equipped with listed residential sprinkler heads and may utilize polybutylene plastic pipe for laterals only. Sprinkler materials and installation shall comply with the Los Angeles Plumbing Code. C. SELF-CLOSING DEVICE. Each apartment or guest room door opening into an interior stairway, hallway or exits shall be equipped with an approved self-closing device..99 PHRASEOLOGY A. Repair all (holes/openings) in public corridors with construction at least equal to the original fire resistiveness. (Forward F-338 to Building and Safety) B. Close and solidly cover transoms to guest rooms and dwelling units with material at least the same degree of fire resistiveness as adjacent corridor walls. (F-338 to B/S) C. Repair/maintain self-closing fire assemblies and electrically operated hold-open devices at stair shaft or separation doors. (57.01.35C) -23. COMBUSTIBLE DECORATIONS (Division 22).01 FLAME-RETARDANT Draperies, shades, curtains, etc., used in places of public assemblage, if not made of noncombustible material, (such as glass cloth) must be flame-retardant and so labeled or shall be treated and maintained in a flame-retardant condition by means of a flame-retardant process. Members can determine that material has been treated with a flame-retardant if a State Fire Marshal's "Label" is attached. Under normal conditions materials treated with a flame-retardant are considered good for five years. Washing renders flame-retardant chemicals ineffective. Decorative coverings on ceilings in places of public assemblage must be of a noncombustible material or flame-retardant and so certified. (57.22.03).50 SALE OF The sale of combustible decorations is prohibited (bunting, crepe paper, paper lanterns, plastic cloth, etc.) unless flame-retardant. If they are selling, offering for sale, or giving away these combustible decorations, obtain the name and address of the manufacturer and distributor and forward this information to the Fire Prevention Bureau by F-44..60. CHRISTMAS TREES A. AUTHORITY TO REGULATE SALE OF TREES: Owner shall obtain a Sales Permit (Business Tax License from the City Clerk's office. B. TENT REQUIREMENTS: Any tent over 450 square feet requires a Division 5 Fire Permit. C. SPECIAL PERMIT: A special permit shall be obtained when there are more than 25 trees inside a building. D. TREE DISPLAY: When the public is admitted or invited the following shall be adhered to: 1. Trees shall be watered daily. 2. Smoke detectors shall be tested periodically. 3. Frayed cords or empty sockets shall not be used. 4. Mini lights should be used; they produce less heat. 5. Candles shall not be used on or near tree. 6. Christmas tree lights shall be turned off prior to leaving your home or going to bed. 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 13 7. Trees shall be safely disposed of before they become dangerously dry. 8. Trees shall not be burned in the fireplace. 9. Trees shall be disposed of properly. E. NATURAL CUT TREES: The following shall be adhered to: 1. Trees must be clear of exits and aisles. 2. Trees must be height of the tree from combustibles. 3. No open flame device or heater device permitted on or near tree. 4. Fire extinguishers, or garden hose must be readily available. 5. Only approved U.L. lights and wiring shall be used. 6. Bulbs to be clear of contact with the tree. F. FLAME PROOFING/FIRE RETARDANT TREATMENT: 1. Trees shall be flameproof unless the tree is not over 4 feet tall, removed from the public, and not displayed over 15 days. 2. Only State Fire Marshal approved fire retardant treatment shall be used. 3. The tree shall have a State Fire Marshal's treatment tag showing the date of application, the type of material used, amount of material used, and the business address and signature of applier. 4. If the tree is flocked, it must be flameproofed prior to flocking. Only flocking materials approved by the State Fire Marshal shall be used..99 PHRASEOLOGY A. Flameproof or remove (object) in (area). Only chemicals and methods approved by the State Fire Marshal shall be used for such flame resistant treatment. (57.22.01).01 GENERAL For grass, weeds, vegetation and combustible waste on improved property, outside of structures on improved residential property or any unoccupied property, refer to 11/3-36.01D..99 PHRASEOLOGY A. Remove and safely dispose of all hazardous refuse on premises which by reason of its proximity to structures would constitute a fire hazard. (57.21.07) B. Prevent accumulations of hazardous refuse materials in work areas by periodic clean-up and removal to closed noncombustible containers. (57.21.03) C. At the close of each working day safely dispose of all hazardous refuse material (by removal from premises/by storage in closed noncombustible containers / by storage in noncombustible bins with heat actuated self-closing devices/ by a one-hour fire-resistive room constructed under permit and supervision of the Department of Building & Safety / by an isolated noncombustible building under permit and supervision of the Department of Building & Safety (57.21.03 & 57.21.04). D. Provide proper storage containment of hazardous refuse that drifts, blows, or otherwise disperses into or unto adjoining property or public ways. (57.21.03C) 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 14 -28. DIP TANKS (DIVISION 81).01 GENERAL A permit is required for new installations of dip tanks over five square feet or 150 gallons in capacity when used to contain hazardous materials or combustible liquids. (57.81.03) Every dip tank shall be at least 25 feet from sources of ignition or in a one-hour fire-resistive room with a self-closing fire door. (57.81.02) A dip tank containing more than the exempt amount of flammable liquid as listed in Table 4-A of the L.A. Fire Code requires a Division 4 permit (F-44 to FPB). Every dip tank over ten-gallon capacity must be equipped with a tight fitting noncombustible cover of the automatic closing type. Ten gallons or less may have automatic or manually operated covers. Dip tank covers must be kept closed when tank is not in use. Dip tanks over 20-gallon capacity are not permitted on combustible flooring. If the tank is 20-gallon or less capacity, it must not be maintained on combustible flooring unless the floor surface is protected in all directions for a distance of five feet with noncombustible material. When the dipping or coating process involves use of an automatic conveyor system, the system controls shall be arranged so that dipping or coating cannot be accomplished unless the mechanical ventilating system is operating. (57.81.16B).99 PHRASEOLOGY A. Provide and maintain a tight fitting, heat-actuated cover for dip tank (57.81.11). B. Provide and maintain a tight fitting, manually-operated cover for dip tank (57.81.11). C. Remove open flame or source of ignition to a distance of at least 25 feet from dip tank and drain board. (57.81.19) D. Remove and safely dispose of all residue accumulations on (drain boards/floors/hoods/covers/conveyors/exterior of tank) and maintain in a clean condition. (57.81.20) E. Provide and maintain (number and type) portable fire extinguishers in the (location). (57.81.21B and 57.140.10B) -30. DUST, FLAMMABLE AND EXPLOSIVE (DIVISION 53).01 GENERAL If there is a need for or the occupant intends to install a dust collection system, refer the occupancy to the Fire Prevention Bureau by F-44 for processing a Division 5 permit..03 HOUSEKEEPING AND MAINTENANCE A. No person shall permit the accumulation of any flammable or explosive dust in quantities sufficient to create a fire or explosion hazard on floors, walls, ledges, or other exposed building structural members, piping, conduit, electrical equipment, or on the roof of any building on which dust may settle. B. The use of compressed air or other means to blow dust from ledges, walls, and other areas which may create a dust explosion hazard shall not be permitted unless all machinery in the area has been shut down and all sources of ignition removed. C. The removal and collection of small quantities of loose dust may be accomplished with approved industrial vacuum cleaners. 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 15.99 PHRASEOLOGY A. Remove and safely dispose of all accumulations of flammable dust on walls, ledges, electric motors and other equipment. (57.53.03) B. Repair and maintain dust collection system to prevent dust from escaping from the system. (57.53.04) C. Remove and safely dispose of lint from ledges, rafters, pipes, equipment, and all other areas where such lint accumulates. Maintain all areas free of lint accumulation. (57.53.03B) D. Store metallic dust in tightly covered metal containers in a cool, dry place. (57.53.03D) -33 ELECTRICAL.01 GENERAL Where substandard or hazardous electrical wiring or devices are encountered, notify the Department of Building and Safety, Electrical Division, with an F-338, noting exact locations and problems found. If, in the member's opinion, the condition constitutes a fire or life hazard, issue a notice to correct the hazard, citing Section 57.20.16 of the Fire Code..20 EXTENSION CORDS (57.20.37) Extension cords and their associated fittings shall be suitable for the conditions of use and location. Extension cords shall not run through holes in walls, ceilings, or floors, nor should it be concealed behind them, and shall not be attached to building surfaces or substituted for fixed wiring in a building or structure. Extension cords shall be used only in continuous lengths without splice or tap. Extension cords shall not run through doorways, windows, or similar openings; nor across aisles, exits and exitways..99 PHRASEOLOGY A. Discontinue use of substandard unapproved, damaged, or improvised electrical (wiring/devices/ fixtures/etc.) (specify location). (57.20.37) B. Provide a clearance of at least 18 inches to maintain adequate protection between light bulbs and combustible materials. (57.57.03D) C. Remove all (substandard/unapproved) wiring from (exact locations). All electrical wiring must be installed under permit and supervision of the Department of Building and Safety. (57.20.37) D. Remove temporary wiring which is (stapled/nailed/hung on nails). (57.20.37) E. Relocate combustible storage to provide at least three feet clearance around (motor/fusebox/ electrical panel). (57.57.05B) F. Remove all lint and dirt from (electrical motors/refrigerator coils). (57.53.03A) 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 16 -34 EXITS AND FIRE ESCAPES (DIVISION 33).01 OBSTRUCTION OF EXITS (57.33.07) No person shall construct, install, alter or maintain any door, gate, partition, or similar obstruction in any passageway required as a means of egress from any portion of any building, or any public corridor or public stairway of any building, except a door or gate which can be removed or opened from the inside without the use of a key, tool, or special knowledge..05 LOCKS ON PENTHOUSE DOORS (57.33.08) No person shall maintain, install or use any lock or latch on any door providing access from a penthouse or stairway to the roof of a building except a lock or latch which is openable from the inside without the use of key, tool, or special knowledge..10 OBSTRUCTION OF AISLES AND EXITS (57.33.11) A. In every building other than single family dwellings, there shall be maintained at all times one unobstructed aisle or passageway which leads to each required exit and shall have a free clearance equal to the minimum required in other sections of this Article or of at least 44 inches. B. A passageway with a width equal to or greater than the width of the required exit shall be maintained from the required exit to a public way or to any area designated by the Chief or authorized representative. C. Whenever the Chief determines that exit paths to a public way need to be clearly delineated to safeguard and preserve the exit paths, the Chief may require the exit paths to be protected and identified by painted lines, railings, barrier posts, walks or other approved means. (57.33.11D) D. No person shall park any vehicle, or place any power truck, hand dolly, delivery rack, refuse or waste container, or any other object in an exit, or in any other manner so as to obstruct the exit. (57.33.11E).15 STORAGE NEAR MEANS OF EGRESS No person shall store or maintain any hazardous material, or other material of any kind in or adjacent to any hallway, doorway, stairway, elevator or other means of egress of any building, in a manner as to obstruct the exit, or render egress hazardous in case of fire or other emergency. (57.33.11F).25 FURNITURE Furniture used for convenience or comfort (table, chair, bench) may be permitted in hallway under the following conditions: A. It must not obstruct the required width of passageway. B. It must be securely fastened to the floor or wall. C. A plot plan in duplicate must be submitted by the owner or manager, showing location of said furniture. Original copy to be kept by owner or manager. Duplicate copy filed in the Occupancy Record file..50 EXIT DOORS Any required exit door must be openable from the inside without the use of a key, tool, or special knowledge or effort. (57.33.07A) Exit doors shall swing in the direction of exit travel when serving any assembly occupancy, any hazardous area or Group H occupancy and any building or portion of a building with an occupant load of 50 or more. (57.33.07B) Glass panels installed in a box covering a locking device may be approved. Such panel shall be not less than 6 x 6 inches plain single strength glass. The box must be of sufficient size to permit free hand operation of the knob or latch. A sign is required "EMERGENCY EXIT - BREAK GLASS". Special locking devices for emergency exit fire doors have been approved for use. These devices operate automatically without special 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 17 instructions, tools, or keys. Some operate by exerting a slight pressure on a clapper, others by breaking a glass panel. These devices bear the approval of the U.L., Inc..55 PANIC HARDWARE A. Exit doors from any Group A or E Occupancy having an occupant load of 50 or more shall not be provided with a latch or lock unless it is panic hardware. (57.33.10) EXCEPTION In Group A Occupancies or portions thereof having an occupant load of less than 300, panic hardware may be omitted from the main exit when the main exit consists of a single door. A key locking device may be used in lieu of panic hardware, provided there is a readily visible metallic sign adjacent to the doorway stating, "THIS DOOR MUST REMAIN UNLOCKED WHENEVER THE PUBLIC IS PRESENT." :The sign shall be in letters not less than one inch high on a contrasting background. When unlocked, the door must be free to swing without operation of any latching device. Flush, edge, surface bolts, or any other type of device that may be used to restrain the doors other than by operation of the locking device are prohibited. The use of this exception may be revoked at any time by the Chief. B. Installation of Panic Hardware: Only panic hardware approved and listed by the State Fire Marshal shall be installed in accordance with Chapter 9 of the L.A.M.C. (Building Code). C. Panic hardware shall be installed not less than 30 inches nor more than 44 inches above the floor. Maximum effort to operate doors shall not exceed eight and one-half pounds for exterior doors and five pounds for interior doors, such pull or push effort being applied at right angles to hinged doors. When fire doors are required the maximum effort to operate the door may be increased not to exceed 15-pounds..75 FIRE ESCAPES AND STAIRWAYS No person shall attach or fasten, or cause to be attached or fastened, to any part of any fire escape or any standpipe, auxiliary fire fighting equipment, appliances or apparatus, any rope, wire cable or similar device, except approved standard equipment, nor shall any person store or maintain anything upon any part of any fire escape. (57.33.14) No part of a stairway, whether interior or exterior, nor of a smokeproof enclosure, hallway, corridor, vestibule, balcony, or bridge leading to a stairway or exit of any kind, shall be used in any way that will obstruct its use as an exit or that will present a fire hazard. (57.33.13).77 FIRE ESCAPES - OBSTRUCTIONS Coverings such as venetian blinds on windows leading to fire escapes are prohibited. Blinds, curtains, screens, etc. which are installed in such a manner that egress is not obstructed may be approved. The blind must not cover more than the upper half of double hung windows, or must be securely attached to casement-type windows. All necessary latches must be clearly visible. Screens which have been installed for health reasons, must not interfere with orderly egress or obstruct the fire escape landing. Suitable hinges or release devices are recommended to preclude the possibility of any interference. Where exit is made through a room that is locked, there must be a glass panel in the door, located so that when broken the lock on the inside of the door is within each. This lock must be of the Yale type which can be operated without a key. Passageway through the room must not be obstructed. Glass panel must be marked by a sign "FIRE ESCAPE - BREAK GLASS". (57.33.14) Access to fire escapes by a window shall be openable from the interior without the use of a key, tool or special knowledge. Such window shall have a minimum dimension of 29 inches when open. (57.33.14) 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 18.79 AWNINGS The awning under a fire escape drop ladder shall have a 24" x 24" opening in the awning under the drop ladder. This opening may be closed by a snap-on canvas cover. Any covering for an opening in a metal awning (91.4506g) shall be an approved design..90 INTERNALLY ILLUMINATED EXIT SIGNS Exit signs, when required to be illuminated, shall be internally illuminated by at least two 15-watt lamps or two six-watt neon type lamps. (93.700-26).99 PHRASEOLOGY A. Remove all obstructions from hallway/stairway. Maintain all means of egress free of any storage. (57.33.11) B. Immediately remove lock on door at (location). Exit door must be openable from the inside without use of a key, tool, or special knowledge. (57.33.07) C. Maintain adequate lighting in stairways and hallways at all times so that all persons can readily find, distinguish, and use ways of egress. (57.33.16) D. Provide and maintain directional "EXIT" signs in (area). Sign shall bear the word "EXIT" in letters not less than six inches high. (57.33.15) E. Remove all storage from fire escapes. (57.33.14) F. Remove all attachments to fire escapes (ropes/wires/cables) which are not a part of the approved fire escape equipment. (57.33.14) G. Remove drop ladder retracting cable from fire escape drop ladder. Wind the cable on the winch drum provided. The cable shall be used only to retract the ladder. (57.33.14) H. Restore fire escape to its original operating condition. (57.01.35) I. Test the operation of the fire escape drop ladder. Such test shall be made by a person qualified to conduct such tests. (57.01.35) J. Provide and maintain "FIRE ESCAPE" sign(s) over each required exit (door/window) to fire escape. (57.33.15) (57.20.16) K. Remove "EXIT" sign(s) from (location) fire escape, provide "FIRE ESCAPE" sign(s). (57.33.15 and 57.20.16) L. Provide and maintain directional signs to indicate direction to (fire escapes/exits) where not readily visible. (57.33.15) M. Every internally lighted "EXIT" sign shall be illuminated at all times by two lamps of at least 15 watt capacity each or two 6 watt neon type lamps. (57.33.15 and L.A.M.C. Electrical Code 93.700-26) N. Provide and maintain to its original operating condition the approved panic hardware on the exit door at (location). (57.33.10) 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 19 -35. EXTINGUISHERS - PORTABLE (Division 140).01 GENERAL (57.140.09) Every building or premises, except for dwellings, shall be provided with extinguishers in accordance with the provisions of the Los Angeles Municipal Code and the California Code of Regulations (Title 19, Chapter 1, Subchapter 3). A. Portable extinguishers shall be maintained in a fully charged and operable condition and kept in their designated places at all times when they are not being used. B. Extinguishers shall be conspicuously located where they will be readily accessible and immediately available in the event of fire. They should be located along normal paths of travel, including exits from an area. C. Extinguishers shall not be obstructed or obscured from view. In large rooms, and in certain locations where visual obstruction cannot be completely avoided, signs or other identification shall be provided to conspicuously indicate the location and intended use of extinguishers. D. Maintenance and testing of required portable fire extinguishers shall be done by a person licensed or registered by the State Fire Marshal as required by the Health and Safety Code. Exception Any firm or corporation not engaged in the business of servicing, charging or testing fire extinguishers and that maintains its own fully equipped and specifically staffed fire prevention and protection department, may maintain their own extinguishers (when certified to do so by Division 6 of the Fire Code). E. Extinguishers shall be installed on hangers, brackets or mounted in cabinets, unless the extinguishers are of the wheeled type. F. Extinguishers having a gross weight not exceeding 40 pounds shall be installed so that the top of the extinguisher is not more than five feet above the floor. Extinguishers having a gross weight greater than 40 pounds (except wheeled types) shall be so installed that the top of the extinguisher is not more than 3-1/2 feet above the floor. G. Extinguishers mounted in cabinets or wall recesses shall be identified with approved signs or labels. H. If extinguishers intended for different classes of fire are grouped, their intended use shall be marked conspicuously to ensure choice of the proper extinguisher at the time of a fire..10 CLASSIFICATION OF PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS Portable fire extinguishers are classified for use on certain classes of fires. The basic types of fires are class A, B, C and D as defined: Class A Fires in ordinary combustible materials including, but not limited to, wood, cloth, paper, rubber, and many plastics. Class B Fires in flammable or combustible liquids, oils, greases, tars, oil base paints, lacquers, and flammable gases. Class C Fires which involve energized electrical equipment where the electrical nonconductivity of the extinguishing agent is of importance. Class D 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 20 Fires in combustible metals including, but not limited to, magnesium, titanium, zirconium, sodium, lithium, and potassium..20 DISTRIBUTION (57.140.10) The number, size and type of fire extinguishers needed for an emergency shall be determined as outlined in the Fire Code, considering the area and arrangement of the building, occupancy conditions, the severity of the hazard, the anticipated classes of fire, other protective systems or devices and the distances to be traveled to reach extinguishers. A. Fire extinguishers shall be provided for the protection of life and property. B. Required protection shall be provided by fire extinguishers for such Class A, B, C or D fire potentials as may be present..25 SELECTION OF EXTINGUISHERS The selection of extinguishers for a given situation will depend upon the character of the fires anticipated, the construction and the occupancy of the individual property, the vehicle or hazard to be protected, ambient temperature conditions and other factors. The number, size and type of portable fire extinguishers required shall be determined by reference to Division 140 and other applicable Divisions of the Fire Code. Portable fire extinguishers shall be limited to those bearing labels of the Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., or other laboratory which is approved by the State Fire Marshal. Multiple smaller extinguishers shall not be employed in lieu of the larger extinguishers for deep-layer flammable liquid hazards..27 PROHIBITED PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS A. Carbon tetrachloride, chlorobromomethane and methyl bromide fire extinguishers are prohibited. (57.140.03 and Title 19, Chapter 1, Subchapter 3) B. Inverting water type extinguishers shall not be hydrostatically tested after January 1, 1977, and shall be removed from service at the time the hydrostatic test is required. (Title 19, Chapter 1, Subchapter 3).30 REQUIREMENTS FOR PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS BY DIVISIONS OF THE FIRE CODE LOCATION MINIMUM TYPE DISTANCE (if any) GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS (DIVISION 140) Class "A" hazards 2A 75 ft. Class "A" hazards 2A and 20B 50 ft. plus "B" spills Class "B" hazards only 10B 30 ft. AIRCRAFT FACTORY AND HANGERS (DIVISION 101) Aircraft towing vehicle 20B readily accessible Welding cart or stand 10BC readily accessible Wheeled fire extinguisher 80BC 50 ft. from any aircraft AUTO FUELING STATIONS (DIVISION 100) Dispensers 2A, 20BC within 75 ft. of every dispenser Second required extinguisher 2A, 20BC readily accessible FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (DIVISION 140) Hazardous Materials Room 20B outside of and within 10 ft. Storage area 20B within 10 to 30 ft. Retail sales 10B within 50 ft. 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 21 Dip tank less than 10 sq. ft. or less than 150 gal. 10B within 10 to 30 ft. RESIDENTIAL AND INSTITUTIONAL (DIVISION 140) Institutions Kitchens, labs, pharmacies 10BC immediate area Operating rooms 10BC immediate area X-ray lab 10BC immediate area Storage area (depending 2A and/or 10BC immediate area upon hazard) Hotel or Apartments Each floor 2A 75 ft. Kitchen (public portions) 10BC immediate area Storage area 2A immediate area ASSEMBLY OCCUPANCY (DIVISION 140) Kitchen 10BC immediate area Electrical room 10BC immediate area Class "A" hazards 2A 75 ft. Stage Two 2A one on each side Motion picture machine room 20BC immediate area LIQUEFIED FLAMMABLE GAS/BULK STATIONS; CYLINDER FILLING PLANTS AND AUTO FUELING STATIONS (DIVISION 94) Bulk distribution station Two 20BC immediate area AFS and cylinder filling Two 10BC within 25 ft. of plant every dispenser MARINE OIL TERMINALS; TANK VESSELS AND TANK BARGES (DIVISION 95) Hazard area 20BC 50 ft. MARINE SERVICE STATION (DIVISION 93) Water front facility Two 20BC Immediate area MOLTEN SALT BATHS (DIVISION 60) Liquid extinguishing agents are prohibited OIL WELL DRILLING AND EXPLORATORY DRILLING (DIVISIONS 90 and 96) Exploratory site, limited Two 10BC within 50 ft. of hole Exploratory site, unlimited Two 20BC within 100 ft. of hole Oil well drilling Two 20BC within 100 ft. of hole ROOFING KETTLES (DIVISION 86) Kettle (in use) 20BC within 10 to 30 ft. Kettle on roof (special permit) 20BC readily accessible TRANSPORTATION OF EXPLOSIVES (DIVISION 70) Vehicle One 2A and one 10BC readily accessible TANK VEHICLES FOR THE TRANSPORTATION OF FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS, (DIVISION 38) Vehicle 2A, 20BC readily accessible CARGO TANKS USED FOR LIQUEFIED AND COMPRESSED GASES (DIVISION 44) Vehicle 20B readily accessible 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 22.31 REQUIREMENT DEVIATION (57.140.10E) In particular places of business, the provisions of 57.140.10 may be altered at the discretion of the Chief after consideration of the special features, such as the nature of the occupancy; the quantity, distribution, and arrangement of the flammable or combustible materials; and the construction of the building..32 MULTIPURPOSE EXTINGUISHERS When a fire extinguisher has more than one rating classification (e.g. 2A-10BC), such extinguisher may be used to meet the combined extinguishing requirements of Division 140 of the Fire Code within the extinguisher's rated limitations. Verify minimum 2A rating classification of each extinguisher inspected. A standard 2-1/2 lb. ABC extinguisher has a 1A-10BC rating and therefore would not meet L.A.F.D. 2A minimum requirement..33 SMALL GARDEN HOSE ALTERNATIVE (57.140.11) Where Class "A" type portable fire extinguishers are required by the Fire Code, small hose (1/2, 3/4 or 1 inch) may be used in lieu thereof, provided that there shall be sufficient water outlets and hose to reach every portion of the premises and that: 1. The hose shall be permanently attached to the water outlet and a spray nozzle shall be permanently attached to the hose. 2. Not more than 50 feet of 1/2 inch, nor more than 75 feet of 3/4 or 1-inch hose shall be attached to any one water outlet. 3. The hose shall be coiled and placed on an approved hanger or reel. 4. A sign placed over the installation using three-inch lettering on a contrasting background, stating, "FOR FIRE USE - DO NOT REMOVE.".35 RESIDENTIAL OCCUPANCIES (57.140.16) A. Apartment Houses and Hotels are required to have one 2-A extinguisher within 75 feet horizontal travel distance on each floor of the structure. Additional extinguishers shall be required for special hazards in public portions. B. Garden-type residential occupancies which have exits from each apartment or guest room opening directly on an open exit corridor courtyard, driveway, alley or street shall not be required to have portable fire extinguishers if: 1. Apartment houses containing 15 or less apartments and not over two stories in height. 2. Hotels containing 19 or less guest rooms and not over two stories in height..40 PROTECTION OF COOKING FACILITIES Industrial or commercial cooking equipment consisting of deep fat fryers, grills, hoods, and ducts requiring portable fire extinguishers or pre-engineered automatic dry chemical systems shall not be protected with a dry chemical agent having an ABC rating (multipurpose dry chemical). Dry chemical extinguishers suitable for cooking-fat fires shall have a U.L. rating for Class BC fires only. Due to the inefficiency of multipurpose dry chemical in suppressing cooking-fat fires, portable multipurpose (ABC) dry chemical extinguishers shall not be allowed in cooking areas protected by automatic fire extinguishing systems. (57.20.16 LAFD Standard #1) 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 23.50 INSPECTION When an inspection reveals inadequate protection or violations, issue a notice to the responsible person outlining exact locations and specific instructions to gain Fire Code compliance (57.140.09). A. Identification and Accessibility. Check for obstructions, missing or needed signs. B. Classification and Distribution. Make sure occupancy has the correct type and amount of extinguishers. Measure for proper spacing. C. Physical. Look for leaks, damage, tampering, incorrect pressure, corrosion, nozzle impairment or obstructions. D. Location. 1. Extinguishers are not to be located where ambient room temperature exceeds 120 degrees Fahrenheit unless otherwise noted on the nameplate of the extinguisher. 2. Where wheeled extinguishers are used, aisles at least one foot wider than the extinguisher shall be maintained at all times and aisles shall be maintained free of anything which would interfere with the rapid movement of the extinguisher to a fire..55 HYDROSTATIC TEST REQUIREMENTS A decal or record tag of metal or equally durable material shall be affixed to each portable fire extinguisher and bear the date, pressure of the hydrostatic test, and license registration number of the testing company. (Title 19, Chapter 1, Subchapter 3) 57.140.23 5 Year Water, foam and carbon dioxide (CO2) extinguishers, any extinguishers installed on any vehicle, and dry chemical extinguishers with shells of stainless steel or soldered brass shall be hydrostatically tested every five years. 57.140.24/597.4 Title 19 10 Year Nitrogen cylinders or cartridges used for inert gas storage used as an expellant for wheeled extinguishers shall be hydrostatically tested every 10 years. Note To qualify for the 10-year retest interval, the cylinder must bear a 5-pointed star after the last test date in accordance with the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 49, Parts 100 to 199, October 1, 1972; otherwise the retest interval is five years. 12 Year Halon, dry powder and dry chemical with shells of brazed-brass, mild steel or aluminum shall be hydrostatically tested every 12 years. 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 24.60 SERVICE TAG A State Fire Marshal approved service tag shall be attached to each portable fire extinguisher serviced by a licensed concern. The service tag may be attached to the extinguisher by means of a wire, string, plastic ties, or by the use of a self-adhesive tag..61 TAG INFORMATION Service tags shall bear the following information: 1. Name of servicing firm. 2. Address of servicing firm. 3. License registration number, ("E" number in seal). 4. Type of service performed (charged, recharged, inspected, new). 5. Date service performed. 6. Certificate of Registration "EE" number of individual who performed or supervised the service. 7. The approved Seal of Registration of the Office of the State Fire Marshal. 8. Space or line for signature of person performing service work. 9. The following wording shall be placed at the top of every tag: "DO NOT REMOVE BY ORDER OF THE STATE FIRE MARSHAL"..62 FORMAT All service tags shall use the following format. Tags used by persons not a licensee or employed by a licensed concern shall not bear the seal of registration. Service tags shall not be red in color..63 RESTRICTIVE USE OF TAG Portable fire extinguishers which do not conform with the minimum regulations or standards and are permanently removed from service shall not be tagged. In addition, the following restrictions shall also apply: 1. No service tag shall be attached to any extinguisher, unless such service has actually been performed by the person affixing such tag. 2. Service and hydrostatic tags shall be affixed only by persons actually performing such work..99 PHRASEOLOGY A. Extinguishers having a gross weight not exceeding 40 pounds shall be installed so that the top of the extinguisher is not more than five feet above the floor. Extinguishers having a gross weight greater than 40 pounds (except wheeled types) shall be so installed that the top of the extinguisher is not more than 3-1/2 feet above the floor. (57.140.09 and Title 19, Chapter 1, Subchapter 3.) B. Fire extinguishers shall be immediately accessible at all times and mounted in an unobstructed location so that the top of the extinguisher is not more than five feet above the floor (gross weight not exceeding 40 lbs.). (57.140.09 and Title 19, Subchapter 3.) C. Provide and install (number) approved (type) portable fire extinguishers at the following location(s): (57.140.09) and (57.140.10) and Title 19, Chapter 1, Subchapter 3. D. Remove (item) obstructing access to fire extinguisher located (location) (57.140.12). E. Hydrostatic test. Provide a hydrostatic test for the (type) extinguisher(s) located (location) type fire extinguishers shall be hydrostatically tested at least once each (number) years by a person legally certified to perform such tests. (57.140.01 and Title 19, Subchapter 3.) 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 25 F. Small hose alternative. Where Class "A" type portable fire extinguishers are required by the Fire Code, small hose (1/2, 3/4 or 1 inch) may be used in lieu thereof provided that there shall be sufficient water outlets and hose to reach every portion of the premises and that: 1. The hose shall be permanently attached to the water outlet and a spray nozzle shall be permanently attached to the hose. 2. Not more than 50 feet of 1/2-inch, nor more than 75 feet of 3/4- or 1-inch hose shall be attached to any one water outlet. 3. The hose shall be coiled and placed on an approved hanger or reel. 4. A sign placed over the installation using 3-inch lettering on a contrasting background, stating, "FOR FIRE USE - DO NOT REMOVE". (57.140.11) G. Extinguishers mounted in cabinets or wall recesses shall be identified with approved signs. Provide (specify) signs on the following extinguisher cabinets (location). (57.138.13) H. Relocate (identify) fire extinguisher(s) so that they will be in conspicuous locations hanging on brackets with the top of the extinguisher not more than five feet above the floor. (57.140.09) I. Provide and install (number) approved (type) portable fire extinguishers to be immediately accessible for use in (specify locations). (57.140.10) J. Service all fire extinguishers. Fire extinguishers shall be serviced at least once each year, and/or after each use, by a person having a valid certificate. (57.140.07) K. Replace damaged portable fire extinguisher(s) (location). All fire extinguishers shall be maintained in good operating condition at all times. (57.140.09) L. Provide directional signs for fire extinguishers (specify locations). (57.140.09) M. Remove the portable fire extinguishers containing (carbon tetrachloride/chlorobromomethane/methyl bromide) and replace with approved (type) extinguisher(s). (57.140.03) 11/5-36.01.01 GENERAL Automatic extinguishing systems are installed under permit and supervision of the Fire Department, Division 5 (57.05.20) and the Department of Building and Safety. Division 141 (Automatic Fire Extinguishing Systems) of the Fire Code regulates the design, construction, installation, maintenance, servicing testing, and use of automatic extinguishing systems, except automatic sprinkler systems. FINAL INSPECTION A final inspection tag of approval will be issued by the Chief in accordance with the provisions of Division 5 and Division 141 when a field test has been completed. Under the provisions of Section 57.01.35, the Chief or a representative has the authority to issue notices to restore systems to their original operating condition. 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 26.20 FOAM EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM, WATER SPRAY SYSTEM, CARBON DIOXIDE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM AND FIXED WATER SPRAY SYSTEMS A. Tested annually: look for the State fire Marshal certified tester tag. B. Identification of the type of system and associated equipment (manual pull, etc.) shall be provided. C. Access to equipment and devices shall be provided. D. Operating instruction shall be available upon request. E. Check for corrosion or mechanical damage..40 DRY CHEMICAL EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM A. Tested semi-annually by a State Fire Marshal certified tester (look for tag). B. Check to see that the hazard protected has not changed. C. Fusible links shall be free of residue, grease, paint, etc. D. Identification of the type of system and associated equipment shall be provided (manual pull stations, etc.) E. Access to equipment and devices must be provided. F. Operating manual shall be provided..60 HALON AND CLEAN AGENT SYSTEMS A. Tested annually: All systems shall be tested by a state certified tester (look for tag). B. Semi-annual test of the agent quantity and pressure of refillable containers shall be tagged by a state certified tester (look for tag). C. Make a visual inspection of walls, doors and ceilings to maintain original fire resistiveness of protected enclosure. D. Identification for all devices and equipment shall be provided. E. Devices and equipment shall be accessible and clear from obstruction. F. Operation manual shall be provided and available upon request. -38. FIRE ALARM SYSTEMS.01 GENERAL Local fire alarm systems shall be so designed that all occupants of the building may be warned simultaneously. An approved automatic or manually activated local fire alarm system shall be provided for: A. Every apartment house three or more stories in height or containing 16 or more dwelling units. (57.122.08) B. Every hotel three or more stories in height or containing 20 or more guest rooms. (57.122.08) The operation of fire alarm systems in hotels and apartments must be checked at least once a month. This check is to be performed by the responsible person or by an authorized service agency. A record of these tests is to be kept at the control panel. The installer's name and telephone number shall be placed inside the control panel cabinet. 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 27.10 INSTRUCTIONS A. Written sequence of operation shall be posted in, on, or near the control panel specifying complete maintenance and operating instructions for fire alarm systems. (57.122.05) B. An approved permanent sign which reads, "LOCAL ALARM ONLY - CALL FIRE DEPARTMENT" shall be installed by each manual pull station and annunciator panel. 57.122.06.20 MAINTENANCE A. Fire alarm systems shall be maintained in dependable operating condition at all times. Systems shall be tested annually to the satisfaction of the Chief's Regulation #4. An accurate record of such tests shall be kept and these records shall be open to examination by the Chief. (57.122.09).50 INSPECTION If a fire alarm system is found inoperative during a routine general, night or pre-fire plan inspection, issue a Fire/Life Safety Violation (F-340C) to the owner or responsible person, ordering that: A. The fire alarm system shall be serviced and restored to full operation immediately. (57.20.15) B. If the system cannot be serviced and restored to full operation immediately, a Fire Watch shall be established in accordance with Division 13 of the Fire Code until the system is restored to full operation. (57.13.03) C. The Department shall be notified when the system is restored to full operation. (57.20.16).60 NOTIFICATIONS When a fire alarm system is inoperative and cannot be restored to full operation, the following notifications shall be made. A. Company Occupancies - The Battalion and Fire Station in which the occupancy is located. B. Bureau Occupancies - The Battalion and Fire Station in which the occupancy is located and the Fire Prevention Bureau on the next working day..99 PHRASEOLOGY A. Restore fire alarm system to proper operating condition. Fire warning systems shall be maintained in dependable operating condition at all times. (57.20.15, 57.122.09) B. Provide and maintain a sign posted on or near the control panel specifying complete maintenance and operating instructions for the fire alarm system. (57.122.05) C. Check operation of fire alarm system at least monthly. Maintain an accurate record of such tests at the control panel. (57.01.35C) D. Maintain fire alarm system in an operative condition. Trouble light indicates an immediate need for maintenance. (57.20.15, 57.122.09) -39. SINGLE STATION SMOKE DETECTORS.01 GENERAL (57.112.07) A. Single-station smoke detectors shall be provided in multiple dwelling occupancies by Section 91.1210 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code. Smoke detectors shall be installed by August 1, 1983 in all existing multiple dwelling occupancies and duplexes. Installation shall be made directly to the electrical wiring of the occupancy. Smoke detectors shall be installed in every sleeping room and the corridor or area giving access to any such sleeping room. B. Existing single-family dwellings shall have smoke detectors installed at the time of sale, or when an improvement requires a permit and the total valuation of the improvement exceeds $1,000. Smoke detectors 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 28 shall be installed in each sleeping room and in any area giving access to any such room, in accordance with and pursuant to the provisions of Section 91.1210 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code..20 MAINTENANCE (57.112.07) A. Group R, Division 1 occupancies. (Hotel, Apts. and Condominiums) Single-station smoke detectors required by Section 91.1210 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code shall be maintained in dependable operating condition and tested every six months or as otherwise required by the Chief. An accurate record of such tests shall be kept by the owner or manager of the property and such records shall be open to examination by the Chief. B. Group R, Division 3, occupancies. (Duplexes, Multi-Unit Bldgs., Single Family Residence) Single-station smoke detectors required by Section 91.1210 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code shall be maintained in dependable operating condition and tested every six months or as otherwise required by the Chief. C. Every tenant, including every person occupying a dwelling unit, efficiency dwelling unit, guest room and suite, shall notify, in writing, the owner or the owner's designated agent as soon as possible of a known defect or malfunction in a single-station smoke detector required by Section 91.1210 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code. D. An owner or the owner's agent may enter any dwelling unit, efficiency dwelling unit, guest room and suite owned by such owner for purpose of installing, repairing, testing, and maintaining single-station smoke detectors. Except in cases of emergency, the owner or owner's agent shall give the tenants of each such unit, room or suite reasonable notice in writing of the intention to enter and shall enter only during normal business hours. Twenty-four hours shall be presumed to be reasonable notice in absence of evidence to the contrary. E. No tenant, after reasonable notice has been given as herein provided, shall refuse to permit the owner or owner's agent to enter the premises for any of the purposes enumerated in Subdivision D of this Subsection..50 INSPECTION If smoke detectors have not been installed in accordance with and pursuant to the provisions of Section 91.1210 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code, member shall issue a Notice to Comply (Form SD) requiring that they be installed. If these detectors have been installed, ask to see the resident manager's or other responsible party's smoke detector test record sheet. If the manager or owner is not keeping a smoke detector test record sheet, issue a notice requiring that all smoke detectors be tested and a record kept. (57.112.07).99 PHRASEOLOGY A. Test smoke detectors at least once every six months. Maintain an accurate record of such tests at a location approved by the Chief. (57.112.07) B. Install approved smoke detectors according to the provisions of Section 91.1210 L.A.M.C. Detectors which are connected to the building wiring shall be done under permit of the Department of Building and Safety. (57.112.06) NOTE Approved smoke detectors shall be installed in a point centrally located on the wall or ceiling, in every sleeping room and in each hallway, corridor, or adjacent area to any such sleeping room. The top of any smoke detector installed on a wall shall be no closer than six inches to the ceiling and no farther than twelve (12) inches from the ceiling. (91.1210) C. You are hereby notified to immediately cease and desist from rendering any smoke detectors inoperable or ineffective. This includes but is not limited to, removing detectors, batteries, wires, or obstructing flow of air to detector. (57.20.15) 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 29 D. You are hereby notified to permit the owner or his/her designated agent to install approved smoke detectors in your apartment, unit, etc. (57.112.07) NOTE Smoke detectors shall be installed at a point centrally located on the wall or ceiling, in every sleeping room and in each hallway, corridor, or adjacent area to any such sleeping room. Where sleeping rooms are on an upper level, a detector shall be placed at the center of the ceiling directly above the stairway. All required detectors shall be located in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions; with no part of the detector located more than 12 inches below the ceiling. In bachelor or efficiency units, one smoke detector shall be centrally mounted on the ceiling or wall. -40. FIRE DOORS (57.01.35).01 GENERAL When a visual inspection of a fire door gives the inspecting member reason to believe that the system will fail to operate in an emergency, issue a notice (F-340D) to make the door operational..10 CLASSIFICATION OF FIRE DOORS Fire doors may be classified by an hourly rating designation, an alphabetical letter designation, or a combination. Current practice is to use the hourly rating designation; formerly, the alphabetical letter designation was used. All fire doors have a label or other identification showing the fire protection rating. Labels shall be permanently affixed..99 PHRASEOLOGY A. Replace (paint-covered/corroded fusible links/heat sensitive device) on fire door (location). (57.01.35C) B. Relocate storage so as to maintain a one-foot clearance from the fire door and its operating mechanism. (57.20.41) C. Remove and discontinue the use of block(s) or wedges(s) that prevent the closing of fire doors (location). (57.20.41) D. Provide and install suitable guards to keep material clear of fire door operating mechanism. (57.01.35) E. Indicate Fire Door clearance areas by painting lines on the (floor/wall) on both sides of all fire doors. Fire doors must be free to operate properly at all times. (57.01.35 and 57.20.15) F. Remove (items) which interfere with the proper operation of fire door(s) (located). Doors must be unobstructed at all times. (57.20.41) -42. FIREWORKS.01 GENERAL The Fire Code Section 57.55.01 prohibits the possession or use of ANY FIREWORKS other than caps or cap pistols in the City of Los Angeles. Even though some fireworks may be labeled as "safe and sane" and bear the California State Fire Marshal's Seal, they are prohibited in the City of Los Angeles. Firecrackers, skyrockets, roman candles, torpedoes, cherry bombs, M-80's, are defined as "dangerous" fireworks. Possession of "dangerous" fireworks can subject the violator to a fine of from $500 to $1,000 and/or one year in the County Jail upon conviction under the provisions of Section 12700 of the California State Health and Safety Code. In addition, a violation involving dangerous fireworks is a felony punishable by imprisonment in (1) a State prison; or (2) a County jail for up to one year; and/or a fine not to exceed $5,000 when the combined quantity of explosive powder equals 7,500 grains (1 pound) or more. Note: The Small Arms Ammunition Manufacturers Institute (SAAMI) and others, use the conversion of 7,000 grains equals one-pound. 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 30.05 PROCEDURE The Legal Liaison Unit is the designated unit of the Fire Prevention Bureau to coordinate the Department's Fireworks Enforcement Policy. All complaints requiring legal action on the sale or storage of fireworks within the City will be referred to the Legal Liaison Unit for disposition (extension 5-5979). The enforcement of fireworks laws and the investigation of initial complaints received regarding fireworks will be the responsibility of Bureau of Fire Suppression Battalion Commanders. Enforcement may be delegated to company commanders. -45. FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS (DIVISION 30).01 FLAMMABLE LIQUID Any liquid having a flash point below 100 degrees Fahrenheit and having a vapor pressure not exceeding 40 pounds per square inch (absolute) at 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Class I liquids shall be classified as follows: Class IA - Liquids having flash points below 73 degrees Fahrenheit and boiling points below 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Examples: Casinghead gasoline, pentane, ethyl chloride, ethyl ether. Class IB - Liquids having flash points below 73 degrees Fahrenheit and boiling points at or above 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Examples: Gasoline, lacquer, lacquer thinner, varnish, shellac, denatured alcohol, rubber cement, lighter fluid. Class IC - Liquids having flash points at or above 73 degrees Fahrenheit. and below 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Examples: Turpentine, hydraulic brake fluid..05 COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID A liquid having a flash point at or above 100 degrees Fahrenheit and classified as follows: Class II: Liquids with a flash point at or above 100 degrees Fahrenheit and below 140 degrees Fahrenheit. Examples: Cleaning solvents (kerosene, stoddard solvent) fuel oil, mineral spirits, BBQ starter, diesel fuel. Class IIIA - Liquids with a flash point at or above 140 degrees Fahrenheit and below 200 degrees Fahrenheit. Class IIIB - Liquids with a flash point at or above 200 degrees Fahrenheit but not above 1500 degrees Fahrenheit. Examples: Lubricating oil, paraffin oil and vegetable oil..14 DIVISION 4 PERMIT (57.30.05) A Division 4 fire permit is required when the quantities prescribed in Table 30-B are exceeded in any occupancy or premises. TABLE 30-B FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS QUANTITY Class IA 60 gal. Class IB 120 gal. Class IC 180 gal. COMBINATIONS OF FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS With not more than the amounts of Class IA, IB, or IC Flammable Liquids set forth above. 240 gal. COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 31 Class II 240 gal. Class III 500 gal. Notify the Fire Prevention Bureau with an F-44 if an occupancy has over the exempt amounts of flammable or combustible liquids in Table 30-B and does not have a valid permit..25 RESTRICTIONS No Class I or Class II liquid with a flash point below 110 degrees Fahrenheit may be used for cleaning, polishing, or fumigation in any dwelling. No open flame or other source of ignition within 25 feet of Class I or II liquid storage area. (57.30.10).39 EMPTY CONTAINERS Empty containers, inside a building, which have at one time contained Class I or II liquids shall be regulated the same as full containers unless they have been purged of all vapors. (57.30.13).40 AISLES (57.30.14) Where flammable and combustible liquids are stored, aisles shall be provided of sufficient width and at such intervals as to permit ready access for inspection and removal of leaking containers, and in every case shall meet the following minimum requirements: A. Aisles required for means of egress shall be not less than four-feet wide. B. Wall aisles at least three-feet wide shall be provided and, where necessary, for reasons of access through doors, windows, access to interior standpipe hose or exterior standpipe outlets for fire fighting purposes. EXCEPTION In a Hazardous Materials Room only one aisle, three feet in width, is required..50 INSIDE STORAGE WITH DISPENSING (57.30.30) Quantities of flammable or combustible liquids shall be stored in Hazardous Materials Rooms or Hazardous Materials Cabinets or in Group H occupancies, EXCEPT not more than two 60-gallon metal drums or containers of Class I or II liquids nor more than four 60-gallon metal drums or containers of Class III liquids with a Special Permit, may be permitted, provided that: A. Drums shall be stored in an upright position. Metal drums may be placed on their side if the liquid has high viscosity and a listed self-closing dispensing device. B. Dispensing from drums shall be by means of a device drawing from the top of the drums. C. Each metal drum shall be equipped with an approved pressure vacuum relief device. The approved pressure vacuum relief device may be a part of the withdrawal pump or may be a separate device. D. Drums shall be located not less than 25 feet from open flame or other sources of ignition. E. Post readily visible "FLAMMABLE - NO SMOKING" signs adjacent to the drum storage area. F. Provide and maintain at least one 20B fire extinguisher within 50 feet of the drum storage area. G. Maintain a bonding device whenever liquids are dispensed. Such bonding shall be a minimum of #8 American Wire Gage standard wire. H. Area must remain free of all combustible storage and waste. I. Location to be approved by Fire Department. 1. Not more than 10 gallons of Class I and Class II liquids in combination shall be in closed containers outside of a Hazardous Materials Room or Cabinet. 11/5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS 32 2. Not more than 25 gallons of Class I and Class II liquids in combination shall be in safety cans outside of a Hazardous Materials Room or Cabinet. 3. Not more than 60 gallons of Class IIIA liquids in closed containers or safety cans shall be outside of a Hazardous Materials Roo