Civil Rights Movement PowerPoint PDF

Civil rights movement  as Cold War began, Harry Truman initiate civil rights agenda issue Executive Order 9981 - end discrim in military (1948) set stage for grass-roots initiatives to enact racial equality legis & spark civil rts movement  Dem candidate, 1960 campaign JFK portray...

Civil rights movement  as Cold War began, Harry Truman initiate civil rights agenda issue Executive Order 9981 - end discrim in military (1948) set stage for grass-roots initiatives to enact racial equality legis & spark civil rts movement  Dem candidate, 1960 campaign JFK portray self as crusader AA rights refer to Afr’s liberation struggles promise fed action on educ & housing, attack seg in Deep S once elect, fear alien S Dems so downplay Civ Rts legislation  solution - defer congressional action in favor executive leadership Robert Frances Kennedy (brother, AG) registered disenfranchised citizens Justice Dept work w/ Civ Rts movement… notably Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) in Deep S  in 2 yrs, JFK adm increase # blk voters by 5x AG couldn’t force FBI protect civ rts vols risk lives by encouraging Blks register AG dispatch 100s fed marshals to protect  MLK massive protest spg ‘63 seg laws in Birmingham (1 most seg cities) sit-ins @ counters, march on City Hall, boycott downtown merchants police commissioner “Bull” Conner & Police Chief Jamie Moore got injunction agst all demonstrations fr AL state court  MLK announce he’d ignore & led 1,000s Blks to bus district he & aide Rev Ralph Abernathy jail (MLK jail 30x) marches & demons led to police harassment & arrests  fr cell “Letter From a Birmingham jail” MLK vow bring issue racial injust to nat’l attention (Apr ‘63) as 6k child march in place of jail protesters, Connor order authorities besiege peaceful protestors w/ clubs, dogs, hi pressure H2O hoses (May 3, 1963)  front page news - MLK force JFK openly support racial justice on TV: “We are confronted primarily w/ a moral issue. It is as old as the Scriptures and is as clear as the American Constitution” (June 11, 1963)  8 days later, JFK adm sponsor Civil Right Act equal access pub accommodations full voting rts  200k marchers DC for day-long rally @ Lincoln Memorial – hi poin t MLK’s “I Have a Dream” (Aug 28, 1963) When we let freedom ring, when we let it ring fr every village & every hamlet, fr every state & every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all God’s children, bl men & wh men, Jews & Gentiles, Protestants & Catholics will be able to join hands & sing, in the words of that old Negro spiritual, “Free at last! Thank God almighty, we are free at last!  JFK then set into motion Civil Rights Act June 19, 1963 end seg in public places, ban employ discrim on basis race, color, religion, sex / nat’l origin proposed JFK, sign into law VP Lyndon Baines Johnson (shot Dallas, Nov 22, 1963 by Lee Harvey Oswald)  LBJ took 1964 Civ Rts Act further Voting Rts Act (1965) - ban literacy tests & provide for fed examiners in particular voting jurisdictions allow AG contest state & local poll taxes  Fair Housing Act1968, days after MLK shot prevent housing discrim (race, sex, nat’l origin & religion)  Malcolm X by Blk Muslim @ NYC rally (Feb 21, 1965) minister & supporter Blk nationalism (protect agst aggress by any means necessary) MLK – James Earl Ray, Lorraine Motel balcony, Memphis (Apr 4, 1968) RFK LA speech celebrate win CA primary (June 5, 1968) …died next day) Palestinian Sirhan Sirhan, kitchen corridor outside ballroom Ambassador Hotel Latin American Citizens US annex 1/3 Mx’s nat’l territory after Mex Amer War (1848), 77k Mxs US citizens (& promise full citizenship rts & respect of prop rts) for gens, plagued by prejudice result overt acts of discrim & seg  League of United Latin Amer Citizens LULAC (f 1929 Corpus Christi) Latinos denied basic civil & human rts, disenfranchisement, racial seg & discrim successfully sued integrate Orange Cty, CA school system (1945) another landmark case -Mex- Amers never call to jury in TX - Sup Ct ruled unconst (1954) conclusion CW officially abolish slav…didn’t end discrim movement unprecedent struggle for soc justice (1950s & 1960s) for Blks gain equal rts under law help launch fights for = rts for Latinos, women, lesbian, gay, bi & transgender (LGBT) Amers