Final Exam Week 1 Social Psychology PDF
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This document covers a week 1 final exam on social psychology. It includes definitions of concepts like social psychology, experiments, limitations, and different factors influencing social behavior such as social isolation, environmental factors and dispositional factors. The document also touches on community psychology.
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**FINAL EXAM WEEK 1** - **Social Psychology Definition:** - " The scientific attempt to explain the ways in which the thoughts, feelings and behaviour of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of other human beings " - *Gordon Allport (1954)* - Ho...
**FINAL EXAM WEEK 1** - **Social Psychology Definition:** - " The scientific attempt to explain the ways in which the thoughts, feelings and behaviour of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of other human beings " - *Gordon Allport (1954)* - How thoughts feelings and behaviors are influenced by other human beings - The study of individuals in a society - It is through other people and the media that we develop attitudes about the world and everything in it. - **Schachter 1959 Social Isolation Experiment** - 5 volunteers in a windowless room - Results: 80% of people felt uncomfortable with no human contact, and this had psychological impacts - Most people can't last long without human contact - **Limitations:** - Small number of participants - Lack of cultural representation - Small group leads to outliners - Impact of windowless room: lack of natural environment not accounted for - Impact of types of food and entertainment, on motivation - Measurement tools? - Who measured psychological impact - No control groups - How long did the impacts last? - **Ethics:** - Freedom to withdraw - Informed consent - Debriefing and resources post - Recruitment - Benefit to participants - Any payment or coercion - **Hawthorn 2006 Holt-Lunstad 2015 Shanker 2015** - **Impacts of Social Isolation** - High blood pressure - Mental Illness - Physical inactivity - Dementia - Emotional distress - Poorer immune functioning - Smoking - Poor sleep - Decreased feelings of wellbeing - Poor Health behaviour - Premature death - **Milgram 1967 6 Degrees of separation** - **6 Degrees of Kevin Bacon** - **Small World Phenomenon** - Any one individual can be connected to any other individual through at most 5 other people - **Environmental Factors** **Explain why the same person may act differently in different situations** 1. Other people 2. Objects 3. Information 4. Social Systems 5. Events - **Dispositional Factors** **Explain why different people react differently to the same situation** 1. Personality 2. Demographic factors age gender 3. Mood 4. Culture 5. Prior beliefs 6. Genetic predisposition - **Brindal 2021 COVID Study** - Life satisfaction study before during and after COVID - Dispositional ( individual factors) influenced how people felt about their life satisfaction. - **Limitation:** Self-reported, subjective, after the event - **Community Psychology** - Considers environmental factors and political systems how they influence behaviour - Rejects Individualism and first order change - Accepts Collectivism: attends to societal problems and second-order change - Society, media and environmental factors that contribute to how a person lives their life. - **Second Order Change:** - Empowers community problem-solving - Preventative measures - **Kelly 2019** - **Social Enterprise In Scotland**
