Therapeutic Exercise Foundational Concepts PDF

THERAPEUTIC EXERCISE FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS Dr. Meeyoung Kim Course: Therapeutic Exercise Physiotherapy Dept. University of Sharjah TOPICS  Definition of therapeutic exercise  Components of physical function  Types of therapeutic exercise  Introduction to range of motion exercise DEFIN...

THERAPEUTIC EXERCISE FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS Dr. Meeyoung Kim Course: Therapeutic Exercise Physiotherapy Dept. University of Sharjah TOPICS  Definition of therapeutic exercise  Components of physical function  Types of therapeutic exercise  Introduction to range of motion exercise DEFINITION OF THERAPEUTIC EXERCISE  Therapeutic exercise is the systematic, planned performance of bodily movements, postures, or physical activities intended to provide a patient/client with the means to: Remediate or prevent impairments. Improve, restore, or enhance physical function. Prevent or reduce health-related risk factors. Optimize overall health status, fitness, or sense of well-being. COMPONENTS OF PHYSICAL FUNCTION BALANCE  The ability to align body segments against gravity to maintain or move the body (center of mass) within the available base of support without falling; the ability to move the body in equilibrium with gravity via interaction of the sensory and motor systems.  Postural control, postural stability, and equilibrium.  Flexibility  The ability to move freely, without restriction.  Mobility  The ability of structures or segments of the body to move or be moved in order to allow the occurrence of range of motion (ROM) for functional activities (functional ROM).  Passive mobility is dependent on soft tissue (contractile and noncontractile) extensibility; in addition, active mobility requires neuromuscular activation. Muscle performance  Thecapacity of muscle to produce tension and do physical work.  strength, power, and muscular endurance.  Neuromuscular control  Interaction of the sensory and motor systems  Enables synergists, agonists and antagonists, as well as stabilizers and neutralizers to anticipate or respond to proprioceptive and kinesthetic information  Subsequently, to work in correct sequence to create coordinated movement.  Coordination  The correct timing and sequencing of muscle firing combined with the appropriate intensity of muscular contraction  leading to the effective initiation, guiding, and grading of movement.  Coordination is the basis of smooth, accurate, efficient movement and occurs at a conscious or automatic level. Cardiopulmonary fitness  The ability to perform moderate intensity, repetitive, total body movements (walking, jogging, cycling, swimming) over an extended period of time.  Stability  The ability of the neuromuscular system through synergistic muscle actions  to hold a proximal or distal body segment in a stationary position  or to control a stable base during superimposed movement.  Joint stability is the maintenance of proper alignment of bony partners of a joint TYPES OF THERAPEUTIC EXERCISE INTERVENTIONS A PATIENT MANAGEMENT MODEL -GUIDE TO PHYSICAL THERAPIST PRACTICE RANGE OF MOTION (ROM) EXERCISE DEFINITIONS  The angle through which a joint moves from the anatomical position to the extreme limit of its motion in a particular direction.  It is measured in degrees.  The complete range of motion of a joint is divided into three equal parts: the inner range, middle range, and outer range.  For example, the ROM for flexion at the elbow is the difference between the angle at the elbow in the anatomical position (fully extended) and the angle at the elbow when it is in maximum flexion.  If a knee joint can be extended from 30° at full flexion to 165° at full extension, its ROM is 165 − 30° = 135°.  Range of motion is a basic technique used for the examination of movement and for initiating movement into a program of therapeutic intervention.  The full motion possible is called the range of motion (ROM).  To describe joint range, terms such as flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation are used.  Ranges of available joint motion are usually measured with a goniometer and recorded in degrees.  Movement in sagittal plane  Extension returns to anatomical position  Towards or away from midline  Motion occurs in which plane?  Internal-external rotation  In horizontal plane ANY QUESTIONS? Thank you