Histology & Its Methods of Study PDF

Histology & Its Methods of Study Dr. Emad I H Shaqoura MD. M.Sc. Lecturer of Anatomy & Histology, Faculty of Medicine-IUG By , Shahed lbrahim  BC. the size ofthe...

Histology & Its Methods of Study Dr. Emad I H Shaqoura MD. M.Sc. Lecturer of Anatomy & Histology, Faculty of Medicine-IUG By , Shahed lbrahim  BC. the size ofthe cell Microanatomy the extracellularmatrey we must used assisted metage small 2 Introduction Epithelial eye or molecular method. connective have 4 basic types we muscular nervous &Is histology), 5.x anotomy (1 Histology is the study of the tissues of the body and how Microanatomy these tissues are arranged to constitute organs. Anatomy & pathology. I This subject involves all aspects of tissue biology, with the structureis reticular focus on how cells’ structure and arrangement optimize elastic fibers collagen, functions specific to each organ. intraction bt. cells substance ground =55 tissue $s Tissues have two components: cells and extracellular matrix (ECM). tissue, s I support5.* tissue group of provideenvironment it A as cells similar that perform The small size of cells and matrix components makes specific function. histology dependent on the use of microscopes and similar - have common embryonic origin molecular methods of study. 9/18/2018 · dda1 985 Histology & Its Methods of Study, Dr. Emad I Shaqoura MD. M.Sc.  3 50 disk, s, idles Iembryo s layers S. ectoderm - mesoderm entoderm three layered embryonic cylinder s."15,9155. 3 layers (16,8/01 surface epithelium is: ecto II as ( be curving. cylinders) I glants) is lining epithelium S-Is endosic nervous system (1, connective tissue 11 B-meso Ild1 river, Pancreatic (I mainly c is components · muscles sl, 3 54, $51, 25,51 d, undifferentiated ig-stem cells &5 layers/) 8. S- · , 3 Preparation of Tissues for Study The most common procedure used in histologic research is the preparation of tissue slices or “sections” that can be examined visually with transmitted light. , - 7 s extracellular 8. matrex (1 BCR, western Blotting microscope monostaining, · 95,8196! 55 Histology & Its Methods of Study, Dr. Emad I Shaqoura MD. M.Sc. 9/18/2018  Preparation oftissues: cliving tissue Biopsly 1. obtaining the specimen is scrabins skins, my dead body Autopsy ·. , Forensicmedicine / 8s - Autopay) A S. $1 lysozymed1Y.;255, blood supplys) is I - ;81 -35, FIGURE 1-2 Copyright © McGraw-Hill Companies  t B cellular transport 1, g5/It,'s small intestine /I5* (15 IIis , staining de goblet cells/ss s/I isa &, myosin 1 d1, sID 8!: ATP periodic Acid shape PAS · i. - - I jed -1, oligosacharide & j. j, 5. 8l s concept 11 E. - cytoplasm stained with -nuclous with H &I8 -15.5. s glyco glycoprotein myosin gobletcells/ stained - magentared.. SYsd, , PAS - (12 1 Microvilli - finger like projections Apsorbtion increase surface area is 8,905 counter stain S 8 H 8.51; violet Ij1Isd,. 5 esd PAS S1 A secretion = s Set - Execretion apsoration III- increase surface area Idig, small intestive /1 g. 5) magenta ed, $, PAS (1.5. structure //* ·Periodic acid shape positive i free surface is. lumen 11gUIA.Stopicalwasstature,an apical surfacesin sild;0 staining sid1 & (15) 9l goblet Ss, mucous six cell * glycoprotein myosin ·. 5li - d mucous , water (1915). lumen (1927d Goblet cell veryimportanttoprotectapicalmyosin jigt side SI, the  12 Preparation of Tissues for Study E Slide preparation, from tissue fixation to observation 11 5s with a light microscope, may take from 12 hours to tissue processor 1-15 S. 2½ days, depending on the size of the tissue, the 5- s - I embedding medium, and the method of staining. The final step before microscopic observation is 9519,50 mounting a protective glass coverslip on the slide sby-saverslip with clear adhesive. - 5 (cover - 2.9, Es -(4) s1: ,519j0 Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch? light microscopic study ‫األول تحضير العينات ل‬ v=PafHxS5bq9A electron microscopic study ‫التاني تحضير العينات ل‬ Histology & Its Methods of Study, Dr. Emad I Shaqoura MD. M.Sc. 9/18/2018 13 Types of Microscopes Light Microscopy Electron Microscopy Bright-field microscopy Fluorescence microscopy Phase-contrast microscopy Confocal microscopy Transmission Electron Microscopy Scanning Electron Microscopy &. I did : 5s 5 muonostaining a 5 ~ protings,br 9/18/2018 Histology & Its Methods of Study, Dr. Emad I Shaqoura MD. M.Sc.  14 Fluorescence Microscopy Image gigs, s = · transverse =1, -.!=d,) -S. Il laminin UV basallaminase DAPI $1 st,81 polyhedral - SMA 11 Ses laminin pr. 5/1 $1, 581 ij sits l - SMF 11;10s$9 multinuclui Histology & Its Methods of Study, Dr. Emad I Shaqoura MD. M.Sc. 9/18/2018 - -$15,! 5 - 8, i9. lege Skeleta. mic fiber - - , 15 Bright-field Microscopy The method most commonly used by both students and pathologists, uses ordinary light and the colors are imparted I by tissue staining. tengeston am 35x 55,95.58"88 d 5d - - The optical components are: 1. 56 The condenser focusing light on the object to be studied. -S 2. The objective lens enlarging and projecting the. image of the object toward the observer. 3. S55. The eyepiece (or ocular lens) further magnifying this image and projecting it onto the viewer’s retina. 9/18/2018 Histology & Its Methods of Study, Dr. Emad I Shaqoura MD. M.Sc.  ~5 es815 lightt FIGURE 1-3 Copyright © McGraw-Hill Companies  tungston lamp a - light source diaphragm a light transmit 3 55, s condenser -> -,. 1... 115 &$553. 11 8",xi) - - stage -> 351 -) 8. 95 specimen holder (1619 5.9 Objective -> 8s-.8d1 -X16x1.5 4 lenses 5 - YX ej low power lens , YOxhigh power lens sily. >100x oil lens. Ily , sg', si.; Id s. 41-51s.ds? sid 8 58158 oil V is · 10X izis.. S. MJ18] 53 sets. II, and 85), 1- is - 55 -di- = I * jd)?I'd s5 Bloods, - 8 60X, 20X Heat of mirrors a system ocular lens 105, e,5154%-" S5 Eyepiece a - 10X 1.35i , Reyes (.) binocular, 55. 5) microscopes ( adjustmentsisa isa / eyepeices distance 17 Bright-field Microscopy The maximal resolving power of the light microscope E is approximately 0.2 µm. It is defined as the smallest distance between two structures at which they can be seen as separate objects. -13. The resolving power determines the quality of the 51 S 259 $ image, its clarity and richness of detail, and depends mainly on the quality of its objective lens. gi resolving S1 powers,500 objective lens 115ss. Histology & Its Methods of Study, Dr. Emad I Shaqoura MD. M.Sc. 9/18/2018 18 Bright-field Microscopy The total magnification is obtained by multiplying the magnifying power of the objective and ocular lenses. 5 d Fig 4 objective x I total M. 11s55) 4x10 40X = 110x) oculars 189 Histology & Its Methods of Study, Dr. Emad I Shaqoura MD. M.Sc. 9/18/2018  I Mm 10 mm Transmission Electron = 19 Ium 16mm = Microscopy (TEM) Kopper) methal grid (1.... 59958 s - &js -5. 3mm The transmission electron microscope (TEM) is an imaging system that permits resolution around 3 nm. This high resolution allows isolated particles magnified as much as 400,000 times to be viewed in detail. 1551.218116...*embranes * -34. - Histology & Its Methods of Study, Dr. Emad I Shaqoura MD. M.Sc. 9/18/2018 20 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)..I!,I519s. structure/ 2.,8s9 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) provides a high resolution view of the surfaces of cells, tissues, and organs. Histology & Its Methods of Study, Dr. Emad I Shaqoura MD. M.Sc. 9/18/2018  =- RBC concave t :, 93,5 - 29.29)x84/195/ FIGURE 1-8 Copyright © McGraw-Hill Companies 22 Review Questions 1. In preparing tissue for routine light microscopic study, which procedure immediately precedes clearing the specimen with an organic solvent? A. Dehydration B. Fixation C. Staining D. Clearing E. Embedding Histology & Its Methods of Study, Dr. Emad I Shaqoura MD. M.Sc. 9/18/2018 23 Review Questions 1. Which of the following staining procedures relies on the cationic and anionic properties of the material to be stained? A. Enzyme histochemistry B. Periodic acid-Schiff reaction C. Hematoxylin & eosin staining D. Immunohistochemistry E. Metal impregnation techniques Histology & Its Methods of Study, Dr. Emad I Shaqoura MD. M.Sc. 9/18/2018 24 Review Questions 1. In a light microscope used for histology, resolution and magnification of cells are largely dependent on which component? A. Condenser B. Objective lens C. Eyepieces or ocular lenses D. Specimen slide E. The control for illumination intensity Histology & Its Methods of Study, Dr. Emad I Shaqoura MD. M.Sc. 9/18/2018  25 Review Questions. electron microscope 1. Adding heavy metal compounds to the fixative and e 1 Mm;, 0-1. ultrathin sectioning of the embedded tissue with a 95.d.188Knife scanning -- 1 glass knife are techniques used for which histological im rotome procedure? imassations A. Scanning electron microscopy heavy metal :'1s 51sJIA electron dense structure i B. Fluorescent microscopy Sieioh osn* -. C. Enzyme histochemistry -15 jj)... D. Confocal microscopy /E. Transmission electron microscopy Histology & Its Methods of Study, Dr. Emad I Shaqoura MD. M.Sc. 9/18/2018 26 Thank You Histology & Its Methods of Study, Dr. Emad I Shaqoura MD. M.Sc. 9/18/2018