1 CELL THEORY.pptx.pdf

Biology 1 LET’S CHECK WHAT YOU KNOW… What is Biology? Study of living things and their vital processes Match the following words with the given picture below. Orga Communi n ty Molecul Tissues es Ato Organelles...

Biology 1 LET’S CHECK WHAT YOU KNOW… What is Biology? Study of living things and their vital processes Match the following words with the given picture below. Orga Communi n ty Molecul Tissues es Ato Organelles m Organ Populati Systems on Organis Ecosyste m m Cel Biospher l e Match the following words with the given picture below. Orga Communi n ty Molecul Tissues es Ato Organelles m Organ Populati Systems on Organis Ecosyste m m Cel Biospher l e Match the following words with the given picture below. Orga Communi n ty Molecul Tissues es Ato Organelles m Organ Populati Systems on Organis Ecosyste m m Cel Biospher l e Match the following words with the given picture below. Orga Communi n ty Molecul Tissues es Ato Organelles m Organ Populati Systems on Organis Ecosyste m m Cel Biospher l e Match the following words with the given picture below. Orga Communi n ty Molecul Tissues es Ato Organelles m Organ Populati Systems on Organis Ecosyste m m Cel Biospher l e Match the following words with the given picture below. Orga Communi n ty Molecul Tissues es Ato Organelles m Organ Populati Systems on Organis Ecosyste m m Cel Biospher l e Match the following words with the given picture below. Orga Communi n ty Molecul Tissues es Ato Organelles m Organ Populati Systems on Organis Ecosyste m m Cel Biospher l e Match the following words with the given picture below. Orga Communi n ty Molecul Tissues es Ato Organelles m Organ Populati systems on Organis Ecosyste m m Cel Biospher l e Match the following words with the given picture below. Orga Communi n ty Molecul Tissues es Ato Organelles m Organ Populati Systems on Organis Ecosyste m m Cel Biospher l e Match the following words with the given picture below. Orga Communi n ty Molecul Tissues es Ato Organelles m Organ Populati Systems on Organis Ecosyste m m Cel Biospher l e Match the following words with the given picture below. Orga Communi n ty Molecul Tissues es Ato Organelles m Organ Populati Systems on Organis Ecosyste m m Cel Biospher l e Match the following words with the given picture below. Orga Communi n ty Molecul Tissues es Ato Organelles m Organ Populati Systems on Organis Ecosyste m m Cel Biospher l e Match the following words with the given picture below. Orga Communi n ty Molecul Tissues es Ato Organelles m Organ Populati Systems on Organis Ecosyste m m Cel Biospher l e Arrange the following word/s to show the increasing complexity of life. Organ Organ System Cell Organism Organelles Population Tissue Biosphere Atom Ecosystem Molecules Community Ato Molecul Organelles Cel m es l Tissues Orga Organ Organis n Systems m Populati Communi Ecosyste Biospher on ty m e What is a cell? ► cell, in biology, the basic membrane-bound unit that contains the fundamental molecules of life and of which all living things are composed. https://www.britannica.com/science/cell-biology How do we classify cells? ► By identifying the structures/parts and function of the cell? Identify the type of cells shown below NUCLEUS Eukaryote Prokaryote Identify the type of cells shown below Centrosome Cell wall, Lysosomes Plastids (chloroplast) Large central vacuole Plant Cell Animal Cell The Cell Theory MODULE 1 Learning Competency Explain the postulates of the Cell Theory. STEM_BIO11/12-Ia-c-1  Learning Objectives 1. Describe the organization of living organisms. 2. State and explain the cell theory 3. identify the scientists who contributed to the development of the cell theory. 4. explain the experiments conducted by scientists that help confirm the cell theory. 5. Trace the timeline of the development of the cell theory. LET’S CHECK WHAT YOU KNOW… LET’S CHECK WHAT YOU KNOW… In 1590, the Janssen Bothers, Dutch eyeglass maker , invented the very first Microscope ____________________. CLUE: it is an instrument used to magnify small objects. LET’S CHECK WHAT YOU KNOW… In 1665, While looking at a piece of cork under the microscope, Robert Hooke saw a Cell box-shaped structures that he called _____. CLUE: it is the most basic unit of life. LET’S CHECK WHAT YOU KNOW… Anton van Leeuwenhoek while In 1674, _______________________, looking at pond water under the microscope, he observed what he called “ animalcules”. CLUE: He is known as the father of microbiology LET’S CHECK WHAT YOU KNOW… In 1838, Mathias Schleiden, a German Plants botanist stated that ____________are made up of cells. CLUE: What do botanist study? LET’S CHECK WHAT YOU KNOW… In 1839 Theodore Schwann, a German Animals physiologist concluded that ___________are also made up of cells. CLUE: Example of this includes mammals, birds, fish, amphibians, reptiles, and insects LET’S CHECK WHAT YOU KNOW… In 1855, Rudolf Virchow stated that cells come from preexisting cells through Cell division _______________. CLUE: It is a process by which a parent cell divide into two or more daughter cells. Postulates of the Cell Theory. 1. All organisms are made of cells. 2. The cell is the most basic functional unit of life. 3. All existing cells are produced by other living cells. Postulates of the Cell Theory. 4. Cells carry genetic material which is passed from cell to cell during cell division. 5. All cells are basically the same structure and chemical composition. 6. Energy flow (biochemical processes) occurs within cells. How the cell was HOW IT ALL STARTED. discovered Romans When Romans discovered they were able to make glass in the 1st century BC. Hans and Zacharias Janssen (late 1590’s) Dutch lens grinders Made the first 2 lens compound microscope  King Charles II In 1661, King Charles II of England commissioned scientist to conduct microscopic examination of the natural world. The focus of the royal interest at that time was on insect anatomy. One of the participants in this examination was ROBERT HOOKE. Scientist that contributed to the development of the cell theory Scientists that contributed to the development of the cell theory. There are 5 contributors to the cell theory: 1. Robert Hooke 2. Anton van Leeuwenhoek 3. Matthias Schleiden 4. Theodor Schwann 5. Rudolf Virchow Robert Hooke (1665) English Scientist Made a microscope that can magnify all sorts of objects His microscope used three lenses and a stage light Robert Hooke (1665) Use a cork which is a light, thick, elastic outer bark of an oak tree Robert Hooke (1665) Robert Hooke (1665) “I could exceedingly plainly perceive it to be all perforated and porous, much like a Honey-comb, but that the pores of it were not regular… these pores, or cells,…were indeed the first microscopical pores I ever saw, and perhaps, that were ever seen, for I had not met with any Writer or Person, that had made any mention of them before this…” Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1673) ❑ Dutch Tradesman ❑ Study new approaches for creating lenses to observe cloth. Anton van Leeuwenhoek One of the first scientists to study living cells when he observed an abundant number of single-celled organisms in pond water. Anton van Leeuwenhoek Called it animalcules (plant & animal), and described it as like “swimming in a drop of pond water’. Anton van Leeuwenhoek Bacteria and Protozoa Anton van Leeuwenhoek He is also considered as the first to observe and describe spermatozoa in 1677. As evident in his letter to “The Royal Society”  Anton van Leeuwenhoek "I had observed enough material coming from a sick person …but also from a healthy one, immediately after ejaculation". "I had seen such a multitude of live animalcules more than a million, having the size of a grain of sand and moving in a space …those animalcules were smaller than the red blood cells. They had a round body, foam in the front, terminated in a point at the back; they were equipped with a tail with five to six times the body length. They progressed in a snake-like motion helped by their tail" Matthias Schleiden (1838) ❑ German scientist - Botanist ❑ Studied various plants under the compound microscope. ❑ Concluded that all plants are made of cells. Theodor Schwann (1839) ❑ German Scientist - Zoologist ❑ Studied plant & animal cells, and was intrigued by the similarities between the two. ❑ Schwann was able to determine that all animals are made of cells! Theodor Schwann Schwann published the 1st statement of the cell theory: all living things are made of cells and cell products! Rudolf Virchow (1855) German Physician Studied cell reproduction. Based on his investigations and experiments, he stated that all cells come from preexisting cells, Pave the way to the discovery of The link between the presence of chromosome by Walter Sutton and Theodor Boveri (1880) in a cell that affects heredity. Later discoveries further confirmed and solidified the role of the cell in heredity, such as James Watson and Francis Crick’s studies on the structure of DNA. Let’s check your understanding...