Abdomen & Pelvis - Abdominal Walls & Peritoneum CA PDF

Axial muscles of the trunk • Epaxial muscles • Hypaxial muscles Dorsal boundary Vertebrae & Hypaxial mm. Sublumbar muscles • Quadratus lumborum m. • Psoas major m. • Psoas minor m. • Iliacus m. • Iliopsoas m.= Psoas major + illiacus m. Sublumbar muscles Psoas minor m. O: bodies of last thoracic...

Axial muscles of the trunk • Epaxial muscles • Hypaxial muscles Dorsal boundary Vertebrae & Hypaxial mm. Sublumbar muscles • Quadratus lumborum m. • Psoas major m. • Psoas minor m. • Iliacus m. • Iliopsoas m.= Psoas major + illiacus m. Sublumbar muscles Psoas minor m. O: bodies of last thoracic and lumbar vertebrae i: iliopectinal eminence of coxal bone A: Flex the lumbar vertebrae, flex the pelvis against the lumbar region Sublumbar muscles Psoas minor m. Psoas major m. O: bodies and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae i: lesser trochanter with iliacus m. A: Flex the lumbar vertebrae, flex the coxal joint, lateral rotation of the coxal joint Sublumbar muscles Psoas minor m. Psoas major m. Quadratus lumborum m. Attachments : bodies of last thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, lumbar transverse processes, wing of the ilium Action: Fix and lateral flexion of the lumbar vertebrae Sublumbar muscles Psoas minor m. Psoas major m. Quadratus lumborum m. Iliacus m. O: medial face of wing of ilium i: lesser trochanter with iliacus m. A: flex the coxal joint, lateral rotation of the coxal joint Iliopsoas m. Psoas minor m. Quadratus lumborum m. Psoas major m. Iliopsoas m. Psoas minor m. Psoas major m. Quadratus lumborum m. Inguinal canal • • • • Perforation in the abdominal wall in the region of the groin “Short fissure filled with connective tissue between the abdominal muscles” Extends between superficial and deep inguinal rings Passageway through the abdominal wall for several structures • • • • • External pudendal a & v Genitofemoral nerve Lymphatics Vaginal process/tunic Spermatic cord Deep inguinal ring Inguinal canal Superficial inguinal ring Miller’s Fig. 6-37 Inguinal ligament Muscular lacuna Vascular lacuna (femoral ring) Passageway for iliopsoas m. And femoral nerve Passageway for vessels coursing to the pelvic limb Superficial inguinal ring Lincoln Memorial University 2015 Inguinal canal In males a peritoneal sacs or vaginal tunics, pass through the inguinal canal. The testicle and spermatic cord structures are contained within the tunics Done Figs. 6.6 & 6.63 In females a peritoneal sac named vaginal process, pass through the inguinal canal Blood supply to the abdominal wall Deep circumflex iliac a. From aorta Cranial abdominal a. From phrenicoabdominal a. (or common trunk) off aorta Caudal (deep & superficisal) epigastric aa. From pudendoepigastric trunk Cranial (deep & superficial) epigastric aa. From internal thoracic a. Cranial epigastric artery Lincoln Memorial University 2015 Cranial superficial epigastric a. Caudal superficial epigastric a. Superficial inguinal lymph nodes Axillar lymph nodes Superficial Inguinal lymph nodes Dyce Fig. 14-1 Nerve supply to the abdominal wall Costoabdominal n. (T13) Cranial iliohypogastric n. (L1) Caudal iliohypogastric n. (L2) Ilioinguinal n (L3) Lateral cutaneous femoral n. (L4) Serosa or serous membrane: Is a smooth tissue membrane lining the cavity organs and inner walls of body cavities. Serosas secrete fluid (serous fluid) to allow lubricated movements between opposing surfaces Thoracic cavity: Contain pleural & pericardial cavities Abdominal & pelvic cavities (abdominopelvic cavity): Contain the peritoneal cavity http://manatipr.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Powerpoint-1-Introduction-toAnatomy-and-Physiology.pdf Peritoneal Cavity • Peritoneum - serous membrane • – Parietal peritoneum – Visceral peritoneum – Connecting peritoneum Fascia Transversalis: Connective tissue that glue the parietal peritoneum with the cavity walls Evans Fig. 134 & Done Fig. 6.14 Peritoneum - serous membrane Parietal peritoneum Visceral peritoneum Dorsal mesentery Connecting peritoneum G I Tract Peritoneal Cavity Ventral mesentery Peritoneal Cavity Lumbar vertebrae d Ab Retro peritoneum in om al ll wa Transversalis fascia Dorsal mesentery Parietal peritoneum Peritoneal Cavity Visceral peritoneum Liver G I Tract bladder Visceral peritoneum Ventral mesentery Dr. Ismael Concha Lumbar vertebrae in a om Peritoneal Cavity Greater omentum Visceral Stomachperitoneum Liver Visceral peritoneum all lw Dorsal mesentery d Ab Retro peritoneum mesos Intestines Parietal peritoneum bladder Ventral mesentery Dr. Ismael Concha • Greater omentum – Connects the greater curvature of the stomach, spleen and the initial part of the duodenum with the pancreas (which connect to the dorsal body wall) Stom ach Getty Fig. 6-25 Greater omentum Omental bursa Located between the superficial and deep leaf of the greater omentum Epiploic foramen Connects the omental bursa with the peritoneal cavity, in the right side of the abdomen O m a s ur lb ta en Deep leaf superficial leaf Getty Fig. 6-25 Greater Omentum spleen Superficial leaf of greater omentum Urinary bladder Budras Pg. 51 Greater Omentum deep leaf of greater omentum spleen Urinary bladder Budras Pg. 51 Lumbar vertebrae d Ab Retro peritoneum in a om all lw Parietal peritoneum Dorsal mesentery Peritoneal Cavity Greater omentum Visceral Stomachperitoneum G I Tract Lesser omentum Liver Ventral mesentery bladder Visceral peritoneum Falciform ligament Median ligament of the bladder Dr. Ismael Concha Lesser omentum Connects: – Lesser curvature of the stomach with the liver: Hepatogastric ligament – First part of the duodenum with the liver: Hepatoduodenal ligament Live r • Stom ach Getty Fig. 6-25 Structures arising from the dorsal and ventral mesenteries • Dorsal mesentery – – – – – – Dorsal mesogastrium (greater omentum) Mesoduodenum Mesojejunum Mesoileum Mesocolon Mesorectum – Ventral mesogastrium (lesser omentum) – Falciform ligament – Median ligament of the bladder Live r • Ventral mesentery Stom ach