02. Shoulder Girdle.pdf

Shoulder Girdle and Arm Clavicle Long slender bone across the root of neck Medial 2/3 is convex forward Lateral third is concave forward Medial articulation with sternum and 1st costal cartilage Shoulder Girdle and Arm Clavicle Lateral articulation with acromion process Holds the arm aw...

Shoulder Girdle and Arm Clavicle Long slender bone across the root of neck Medial 2/3 is convex forward Lateral third is concave forward Medial articulation with sternum and 1st costal cartilage Shoulder Girdle and Arm Clavicle Lateral articulation with acromion process Holds the arm away from trunk Transmits force from upper extremity to the axial skeleton Attachment of muscles Loading… Shoulder Girdle and Arm Clavicle Fractures of the clavicle Most commonly fractured bone Mechanism: Fall on the shoulder or outstretched arm Weakest point: junction between middle and lateral third. Medial side goes superiorly due to SCM Lateral side goes medially and forward due to strong adductor muscles on the shoulder. Thoracic outlet syndrome Impingement of the brachial plexus, subclavian artery and vein Shoulder Girdle and Arm Scapula Flat triangular bone at posterior chest wall Between 2nd and 7th rib Spine of the scapula at the posterior side Suprascapular notch is medial to the base of the coracoid process Loading… Acromion process is at the lateral end of the spine and articulates with clavicle Coracoid process project forward and upward Glenoid cavity or fossa is at the superior lateral angle Scapula Subscapular fossa is the anterior concave surface Supraspinous fossa and infraspinous fossa is located on the posterior surface divided by the spinous process. Inferior angle of the scapula is palpable at the 7th rib and spine is the 7th thoracic vertebra Proximal Humerus Head articulates with the glenoid fossa Forms 1/3 of a sphere Anatomical neck is below the head Greater and lesser tuberosities are separated by the bicipital groove Surgical neck is the where head joins the shaft Deltoid tuberosity is the rough elevation on the lateral side of the bone Spiral groove accommodates the radial nerve posterior and below the deltoid tuberosity Proximal Humerus Surgical neck is the where head joins the shaft Deltoid tuberosity is the rough elevation on the lateral side of the bone Spiral groove accommodates the radial nerve posterior and below the deltoid tuberosity