ZOTC-18 Determining Age, Weight & Height of Horse PDF

DETERMINING THE AGE, WEIGHT, AND HEIGHT OF EQUINE Abrogena, Shelomith Joyce G. DVM 3A ZOTC 18: Equine Production COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE Department of Paraclinical Scienc Determining the Age of Equine Importance of determining the age Determining the...

DETERMINING THE AGE, WEIGHT, AND HEIGHT OF EQUINE Abrogena, Shelomith Joyce G. DVM 3A ZOTC 18: Equine Production COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE Department of Paraclinical Scienc Determining the Age of Equine Importance of determining the age Determining the feed and supplements they need. Making a medication and vaccination program Determining the Age of Equine Ways to determine the age I. Physical Attributes a. Eyes b. Muscle and tone c. Coat d. Teeth Determining the Age of Equine Dental formula of horse Determining the Age of Equine Pointers in determining the age of horse based on its teeth  Four ways to estimate the age of horse: a. Occurrence of permanent teeth b. Disappearance of cups and shape of the surface of teeth c. Angle of incidence d. Galvayne’s groove Determining the Age of Equine Occurrence of Permanent Teeth Determining the Age of Equine Occurrence of Permanent Teeth Determining the Age of Equine Occurrence of Permanent Teeth Determining the Age of Equine Occurrence of Permanent Teeth Determining the Age of Equine Disappearance of cups and shape of the surface of teeth  Cups are commonly used as reference points in age determination. a cup is seen as an indented area with a dark center in the middle of each tooth.  The cups and dental star are seen on the grinding surface of the teeth.  As cups disappear, dental stars appear — first as narrow, yellow lines in front of the central enamel ring, then as dark circles near the center of the tooth in advanced age. Determining the Age of Equine Disappearance of cups and shape of the surface of teeth Determining the Age of Equine Disappearance of cups and shape of the surface of teeth Determining the Age of Equine Disappearance of cups and shape of the surface of teeth  The shape of the grinding surface or the teeth change with age.  The teeth appear broad and flat in young horses. A horse under 9 years of age will have a rectangular grinding surface, a horse from 9 years to mid-teens will have a more rounded grinding surface, while a horse in its later teens or older will have a triangular surface. Determining the Age of Equine Angle of Incidence  The younger horse will show a shorter tooth visible below the gum line, while a term used for the older horse is “long in the tooth” due to more visible tooth.  When viewed from the side with lips parted, the young horse will exhibit a more vertical alignment to the incisors, while an older horse will have more of an angle with a more protruded appearance Determining the Age of Equine Angle of Incidence  As the slant increases and the mouth changes shape the rear of the top and bottom corner incisors may not meet, allowing for a hook to form on the top incisor Determining the Age of Equine Angle of Incidence Determining the Age of Equine Angle of Incidence Determining the Age of Equine Galvayne’s Groove  This is a groove that appears near the gum line of the corner incisor. It begins at the center of the outer surface of the tooth in a 10- year-old. Determining the Age of Equine Galvayne’s Groove Determining the Age of Equine Abnormal teeth conditions  Parrot mouth: is a result of the upper and lower incisors not meeting because the lower jaw is too short.  Monkey mouth: is the opposite of parrot mouth and is seldom seen in horses.  Cribbing: is a habit common to stabled horses which damages incisors by chipping or breaking them.  Bishoping: is tampering with cups to make the horse appear younger than it is. Determining the Age of Equine Abnormal teeth conditions: Parrot Mouth Determining the Age of Equine Abnormal teeth conditions: Monkey Mouth Determining the Age of Equine Abnormal teeth conditions: Cribbing Determining the height  Traditionally, horses are measured using hand, or four–inch increments, a measurement that originated in ancient Egypt.  The average horse measures between 13.3–17.3 hands tall (or 1.4–1.8 metres) The height of a horse is measured from the highest point of the withers, where the neck meets the back, down to the ground. When measuring, make sure the horse is standing on flat, level ground, with its front feet as close to even as possible Determining the height Determining the height Determining the height  Determining the Weight  Livestock Scale  Determining the Weight  Truck Scale  Determining the Weight  Equine weight tape  Determining the Weight How to use a weight tape Make sure your horse is standing on a flat, even surface Hold the “zero” end of the weight tape and slide the weight tape over the horse’s back behind his withers. Grab the other end of the weight tape under his barrel where the girth normally goes and hold it snug (not tight) against the skin. Pull the weight tape up to meet the other end with the “zero.” The number on the weight tape where the “zero” hits is the amount that the horse weighs.  Determining the Weight Procedure on using weight calculator  Stand the horse up on a flat, even surface and measure his heart girth in inches using a soft measuring tape.  Next, measure his body length from the point of his shoulder, straight back along his side to the point of the buttock and plug the measurements into the formula.  Determining the Weight  Weigh calculator  Determining the Weight Formula for weight calculator  Adult Horse: Heart Girth x Heart Girth x Body Length / 300 = Body Weight in lbs.  Foals 0-60 days: [girth measurement in inches – 25] / 0.07 = Body weight in lbs  Yearling: Heart Girth x Heart Girth x Body Length / 301 = Body Weight in lbs.  Weanling: Heart Girth x Heart Girth x Body Length / 280 = Body Weight in lbs.  Pony: Heart Girth x Heart Girth x Body Length / 299 = Body Weight in lbs.  References https://www.aphis.usda.gov/nvap/reference-guide/appendix/equine-teeth-aging #:~:text=The%20age%20of%20horses%2C%20donkeys,approximate%20a%20 given%20horse's%20age. https://extension.missouri.edu/publications/g2842 https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1135&context=ext ension_curall https://www.horse.com/content/horse-care/how-horse-height-is-measured/ https://horseandcountry.tv/horse-height-and-weight-guide https://www.thesprucepets.com/how-to-measure-a-horses-weight-1886846 https://www.ontario.ca/page/estimating-body-weight-horses Get in Touch WithusUs Send a message or visit us City of Batac, Ilocos Norte, Philippines (63) 77-600-0459 [email protected] Follow us for updates facebook.com/MMSUofficial www.mmsu.edu.ph