Zoe Leo - Life Science Midterm Study Guide 2024 PDF

Name ______________________________________ Per. __________ Life Science Midterm Study Guide Unit 1 _______ 1. Which of the following is a rule that describes a pattern in nat...

Name ______________________________________ Per. __________ Life Science Midterm Study Guide Unit 1 _______ 1. Which of the following is a rule that describes a pattern in nature? A. scientific theory B. scientific law C. scientific experiment D. scientific truth _______ 2. A prediction or statement that can be tested is ____________. A. a conclusion B. an observation C. control D. a hypothesis _______ 3. An explanation of observations of events based on knowledge gained from many observations and investigations, is which of the following? A. scientific law B. scientific truth C. scientific theory D. scientific experiment _______ 4. What should a scientist do first if a hypothesis is NOT supported? A. more repetition B. more testing C. gather more information D. modify and revise the hypothesis _______ 5. Which group is the part of a controlled experiment where the independent variable does not change? A. experimental group B. control group C. constant group D. variable group Unit 2 _______6. How many times does a compound light microscope with an ocular lens of 10x and an objective lens of 25x magnify an object? A. 35x B. 250x C. 15x D. 350x _______ 7. Who was the first person credited with discovering cells? A. Albert Einstein B. Michael Jordan C. Robert Hooke D. Anton Von Leeuwenhoek _______ 8. Which type of microscope produces a 3-dimensional image of an object? 1  A. Light Microscope B. Electron Microscope C. Transmission Electron Microscope D. Scanning Electron Microscope _______ 9. Which is NOT a macromolecule? A. Nucleic Acid B. proteins C. lipids D. water _______ 10. All the following are a part of the cell theory EXCEPT A. The cell is the smallest unit of life. B. Water is the main ingredient in every cell. C. All new cells come from preexisting cells. D. All living things are made up of one or more cells. _______ 11. Which is used to make proteins in the cell? A. water B. RNA C. sugars D. lipids _______ 12. What is the main difference between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell? A. Only prokaryotic cells have vacuoles. B. Eukaryotic cells are smaller than prokaryotic cells C. Prokaryotic cells have may organelles, each with their own specialized functions. D. Only eukaryotic cells have its genetic material surrounded by a membrane _______ 13. Which structure is NOT found in animal cells? A. cell wall B. cell membrane C. mitochondria D. nucleus _______ 14. This tool first allowed scientists to study cells. A. lasers B. microscope C. scales D. telescope _______ 15. Which macromolecule in cells contain genetic information? A. carbohydrates B. nucleic acids C. proteins D. lipids _______ 16. Which form of energy is necessary in photosynthesis? A. ATP B. lactic acid C. glycolysis D. light _______ 17. Active transport occurs when _______ is used to move substances through a membrane. A. osmosis B. energy C. diffusion D. chlorophyll _______ 18. The diffusion of water molecules only through a cell membrane is ____________. A. endocytosis B. respiration 2  C. osmosis D. exocytosis _______ 19. Which choice correctly describes the two phases of the cell cycle? A. Cells grow and develop during interphase. Cells reproduce during the mitotic phase. B. Cells grow and develop during the mitotic phase. Cells reproduce during interphase. C. The nucleus of a cell divides during interphase. The cytoplasm of a cell divides during the mitotic phase. D. The nucleus of a cell divides during the mitotic phase. The cytoplasm of a cell divides during interphase. _______ 20. Identify the two stages of the mitotic phase. A. mitosis and interphase B. cytokinesis and interphase C. mitosis and cytokinesis D. interphase and metaphase _______ 21. Which type of cell divides by the cell membrane pinching together until the two cells split apart? A. animal B. plant C. mineral D. chromosomal _______ 22. If a cell has 18 chromatids, how many duplicated chromosomes does it have? A. 18 B. 9 C. 36 D. 6 _______ 23. Which best describes how a plant cell divides? A. The membrane pinches shut in the middle of the cell and the cells are split. B. The two cells twist apart. C. A new cell wall forms in the middle of the cell, a cell plate forms and two new cells are formed. D. Plant cells do not divide. _______ 24. If a cell has 22 duplicated chromosomes, how many chromatids does it have? A. 22 B. 44 C. 11 D. 88 _______ 25. What type of cells are formed at the end of the cell cycle? A. Parent Cell B. Sister Cells C. Uncle Cells D. Daughter Cells 3