Zainab and Jood's Gr 6 Science Semester 1 Exam Study Guide Jan 2025 PDF

6th Grade Science Study Guide Semester 1 Exam January 2025 Review Week: Jan 12-16 Dear Students, As you prepare for the upcoming exam, I want to clarify a crucial point regarding the study guide. The examples provided in the study guide are designed to assist you in understanding the concepts and practicing your skills. However, it's important to note that the questions on the actual exam may not be identical to those on the study guide. Remember, the goal of the exam is to assess your comprehension and application of the material, so make sure you're comfortable with the core concepts and can apply them to various situations. Keep up the great work, and best of luck with your preparations! Warm regards, Topic 1: Introduction to matter Standard: MS-PS1-1. Develop models to describe the atomic composition of simple molecules and extended structures. Lesson 1: Describing and Classifying matter (Read this lesson in google classroom under week 2, review - google slides, illustrations, Savvas Etext and worksheets) Key Concepts: Describe what matter is composed of. E,g atoms, elements, molecules and compounds. An atom is the basic unit/ building blocks of which all matter is made. elements:Substances that are made up of only one type of atom are called elements. A molecule is a group of two or more atoms that are held together by chemical bonds A compound is a substance made of two or more elements that are chemically combined. Identify the basic unit of matter. Atom Demonstrate understanding of chemical and physical properties of matter. :A physical change That the appearance just changes but it can be reversed. It doesn’t cause the formation of a new substance. A chemical change is a CHEMICAL reaction that causes the formation of a new substance. Identify and differentiate between pure substances and mixtures. A mixture is when two or more substances are in the same place but do not chemically bond. A pure substance is a single kind of matter that cannot be separated into other kinds of matter by any physical means. A pure substance always has a definite and constant composition. Identify the properties of physical and chemical changes. Physical properties Chemical properties Shape Color change Size Odor (Smell) State of matter bubbles/ fizz Mixtures Flammable Appearance changing Formation of a new substances Lesson 2: Measuring Matter (Read these lessons in google classroom under week 4,5 & 6 , review - google slides, google slides, illustrations, notebooks, Savvas Etext and worksheets) Identify the different properties of matter Properties of matter include density, color, mass, volume, length, melting point, hardness, odor, and temperature. Describe, compare and contrast mass and weight Contrast Mass Weight Is constant Weight is not constant Mass is the amount of matter in Weight is the gravitational pull an object Mass is measured by k.g and g Weight is measured in N and more. (Newtons) Compare They both can be measured. Calculate mass,volume,weight and density Identify mass, weight and volume as a property of matter. Mass : is the amount of matter in an object Volume: The amount of space that takes up matter. Weight: is the force of the gravitational pull. Compare and contrast between weight and mass. Contrast Mass Weight Is constant Weight is not constant Mass is the amount of matter in Weight is the gravitational pull an object Mass is measured by k.g and g Weight is measured in N and more. (Newtons) Compare They both can be measured. Calculating the volume of regular and irregular solids. Regular solid::::::::::::::::::::::: Volume = Length x Width x Height Etc.V = 9cm x 6cm x 4cm = 216㎤ Irregular solid::::::::::::::::::::::: Water Displacement Method: 1.Fill a graduated cylinder write down the water level call it with V1 2.Then carefully place the irregular solid in the graduated cylinder. 3. Take a look and write down the new water level as V2 4. The volume of the irregular solid is calculated by V2-V1= ( )ml Calculating density using the formula P= M/V. Lesson 3: Changes in Matter (Read these lessons in google classroom under week 6, review - google slides, charts, illustrations, Savvas Etext, notebook and worksheets) Determine the difference between physical and chemical changes Physical change is At physical change At chemical change it reversible but the appearance just changes its chemical change is change but it’s the appearance and not reversible. same substance,In forms into a new chemical change a substance. chemical reaction causes a formation of a new substances Identify the properties of physical and chemical changes. In a physical change the nature of the substance, the particles of which it is composed and the numbers of particles remain unchanged. In a chemical change the properties of the new substances are different from the original, the particles are different and the number of particles can change. Physical properties Chemical properties Shape Color change Size Odor (Smell) State of matter bubbles/ fizz Mixtures Flammable Appearance changing Formation of a new substances Analyze and interpret scenarios determining if a chemical or physical change has taken place. Guiding Questions: What are the basic unit/ building blocks of matter? Atoms List the components that make up matter. Neutrons 0 No charge-Electrons Negative charge- and Protons Positive charge. Compare and contrast between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures. Homogeneous mixtures Heterogeneous mixture homogeneous has heterogeneous is a the same ratios of mixture in which its components the composition is throughout a given not a uniform one sample. but we can They can be separate them separated but not easily. easily. What is matter ?is anything that has mass and takes up space Define and provide an example of a pure substance. What is a chemical and physical change? Physical change:A physical change changes the appearance of a substance, but does not change any substance into a different substance. chemical change: A chemical change is a chemical reaction that causes a formation of new substance. Create a table differentiating between physical and chemical changes include examples. Physical change Chemical change 1. The appearance just 1. Formation of a new changed but it’s the same substance. substance. 2. Example: burning paper. 2. Example: An apple is sliced into half. Know what units of measurement are used for volume of regular and irregular solids, density and mass. Volume: cubic meters, cubic centimeters; Mass: kilograms, grams; Density: grams per cubic centimeter, kilograms per cubic meter. For volume, use units such as cubic meters (m³), cubic centimeters (cm³), and cubic feet. For mass, use kilograms (kg) or grams (g). For density, use grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³) or kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³). What is the water displacement method used for? To calculate an irregular solid. Note: Density:g/㎤ Topic 2: Solid,Liquid and Gas Standard: MS-PS1-4:Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion ,temperature,and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Key Concepts: Lesson 1: States of Matter (Read this lesson in google classroom under week 7 & 8 , review - google slides, illustrations, Savvas Etext, notebooks and worksheets) Explain similarities and differences between solids,liquids and gases. A solid has definite volume and shape, a liquid has a definite volume but no definite shape, and a gas has neither a definite volume nor shape. Demonstrate how the arrangement and movement of particles compare in solids,liquids and gases. The particles of a gas move quickly and are able to spread apart from one another. - The particles of a liquid are able to move past each other. - The particles of a solid are not able to move out of their positions relative to one another, but do have small vibrational movements. Explain the relationship between particle motion and state of matter. Particles in all states of matter are in constant motion. Lesson 2: Changes of State (Read this lesson in google classroom under week 9, review - google slides, illustrations, and worksheets) Describe what happens to particles of matter during changes of state between solids,liquids and gases. The particles in a substance stay the same when it changes state - only their closeness, arrangement or motion change. Identify the main factor that affects a change of state of matter. Temperature and pressure. How do particles behave as thermal energy increases make reference to the speed or motion of the particles. A thermal energy increase causes the particles to move in a higher speed etc. if there was an Ice cube when thermal energy increases particles would start to move then water that came out of the ice would evaporate. Lesson 3: Gas Behavior(Read this lesson in google classroom under week 10, review - google slides, illustrations, and worksheets) Differentiate between Boyle’s, Charles and Lussac’s gas laws, Boyle showed that the volume of a sample of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure (Boyle's law), Charles and Gay-Lussac demonstrated that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature (in kelvins) at constant pressure Identify the relationship between pressure and volume. Inversely proportional relationship. Describe how the particles of gas behave as volume decreases and pressure increases. Decreasing the volume of a gas increases pressure due to more frequent particle collisions. Understand the concept of an inversely proportional relationship. Inversely proportional relationships are as one increases and the other decreases or if one decreases the other increases. If the temperature of a gas is kept constant, what will happen to its volume if the pressure decreases. The volume of a gas will increase. Identify the relationship between temperature and volume. The relationship between temperature and volume is directly proportional. Understand the concept of a directly proportional relationship. Directly proportional relationships are as one increases the other increases and if one decreases the other decreases. How can Charles's Law be demonstrated by observing the behavior of a hot air balloon? As the hot air in the balloon is enough which means the temperature increases so if the temperature increases the volume will increase. Describe the relationship between temperature and pressure. This is in “Lussac’s Law” and its directly proportional relationship. Guiding Questions: What are the properties of a solid, liquid and gas?Answer::Solids have a definite shape and volume. Liquids have a definite volume, but no definite shape. Gases have no definite shape or volume. What happens to the volume of gas when the temperature increases and pressure is kept at a constant according to Charles’s Law. Volume increases because in “Charles Law” the relationship between temperature and volume is directly proportional. How can Charles's Law be demonstrated by observing the behavior of a hot air balloon? As the hot air in the balloon is enough which means the temperature increases so if the temperature increases the volume will increase. Analyze the data provided in the table, what inferences can you make about the gas law shown. I can infer that the gas law shown in the table is Boyle's law because volume was decreasing and pressure was increasing so the relationship is inversely proportional. Also the gas law that has an inversely proportional relationship is only Boyle’s law. Topic 3: Energy MS-PS3-1, Construct and interpret graphical displays of data to describe the relationships of kinetic energy to the mass of an object and to the speed of an object. Lesson 1: Energy,Motion,Force and Work (Read this lesson in google classroom under week 10 & 11, review - google slides, illustrations, and worksheets) Define energy,motion,force and work Energy motion force work Is the ability to Is the Force… is the Is being done do work or movement of push or pull whenever a cause change. an object from effect exerted force moves an one place to on an object. object to the another. same direction as the force being applied. Explain the relationship between energy,motion and force Energy is used when a force causes an object to move. Calculate work done. Formula: W=FxD/////////units of measurements=====> J=NxM Vocabulary: reference point, energy, work, force, motion. Reference Energy Work Force Motion point Is a starting Is the ability Being done Is a push or Is the point that an to do work whenever a pull effect movement of object said or cause force moves exerted on an object to be in change. an object in an object. from one motion. the same place to direction as another. the force being applied> Lesson 2:Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy ( Read this lesson under week 13 & 14 ,review-google slides, illustrations, and worksheets) Define kinetic and potential energy Kinetic Energy Potential Energy Kinetic energy… Is the energy due Potential energy…Is the energy to motion. stored in an object. A ball rolling etc... A ball that’s still (not moving) etc... Describe the factors that affect kinetic energy and potential energy Kinetic Energy Potential Energy Mass, and speed Mass, and height Calculate kinetic and potential energy Kinetic Energy formula Potential energy formula KE=½ (mass)x (speed)x(speed) GPE=MxGxH Or KE=½. v² GPE=MassXGravitational forceXHight Guiding Questions: What are the units of measurements for force, work and distance? Joules (J) for work Newton (N) for force Metres (M) for distance Analyze scenarios e.g If two trains (Train A and Train B) are both travelling at a constant speed of 80km/h Train A has a total mass of 300 kg and Train B has a total mass of 295 kg, which train uses the most kinetic energy? Train (A) uses more kinetic energy. Compare the work done when Rivan exerted a 13 N force as she moves an object 16 meters versus Yasin who exerted a 17 N force moving the same object 19 meters. In which situation is more work being done and why? Yasin is has more work being done because he has more force and more distance and Rivan had less and if we multiply 17x 19 we will get more than if we multiply 13x 16

Zainab and Jood's Gr 6 Science Semester 1 Exam Study Guide Jan 2025 PDF

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