World War Two Test Review PDF

World War Two Test Review Background: 1920’s What fueled the Women: optimsm of the Women took on new America: early 1920’s? jobs in WW1 and were In the US the 20’s were a -...

World War Two Test Review Background: 1920’s What fueled the Women: optimsm of the Women took on new America: early 1920’s? jobs in WW1 and were In the US the 20’s were a - not ready to give up It was due to the end time of hope, prosperity their independence. WW1 in 1918 and culture change. - Women began wearing The US won the war Nicknamed “The roaring - short skirts and short Confidence in the US Twenties.” Women gained hair. Women were given government and the the right to vote in 1920. more freedom. ability of the armed 19th ammendment forces to protect the nations freedom was Market Crash: US economy: at an all time high People bought too much The 20’s had a running stock on credit and the stock market and people market crashed starting Jazz: now had enough money the great depression on 20’s were also called age to spend on Black Tuesday.. of jazz. Jazz and dancing entertainment and to jazz were new forms of consumer goods. The entertainment. american industry was booming. Background: 1920’s WW1 On Society: Versailles stated. The war led people to Germany promises not Germany: stop believing in their to take Polish or Germany’s economy was generation and to loose Czechoslovakian horrible following WW1. A hope. They believed the territory other than by single US dollar was war ruined the old arbitration. The Kellog- worth 4 billion German backrounds and Briand Pactallowed 15 marks. Soldiers of war sat individualism. nations to agree on not homeless, money using war to settle Response to War: became useless and disputes, but there was Three documents were people carried singular 5 no enforcements. created to prevent war, billion dollar bills. The Dawes Plan (1924) was a financial plan German Inflation: between the allies, US People could hardly buy and Germany. The food, the Mark was falling Locarno Pact ensured rapidly. French came over that Germany, France often to buy cheap and Britain would keep pastries from angered their territory lines Germans. 15.3 questions What was the basis of Hitlers ideas? He wanted a “superior” Aryan race, and get rid of any deemed enemies. He used extreme German Nationalism, anti semetism, and anti communism in order to create a “German Empire” How might the Economic system in Germany in the early 1930’s allow Germans to accept a dictator? People were struggling so bad financially that they were desperate for any change. How did the enabling act allow Hitler to rise to power? It allowed him to pass laws without constition or parliament for four years before giving power back (he doesn’t give it back). How did Hitler build a Nazi State? He became a totalitarian dictator, so he was able to create power with Nazi party by propaganda and terror which he ruled. How did Nazi control of the media keep them in power? The Nazi’s only put out stuff that made them look good. Rise of Fascism and Nazism: France invade Economic Leadership: Belgium Problems: - League does - Promoting extreme nothing - Worldwide depression nationalism - Unemployment - Exploit of fears Other countries get - Inflation - Use of terror and into small fights. - Decline of trade intimidation - League does nothing Weak Weak Governments: Governments: - Rising taxes in Italy - Re-drawn national - Many small political borders parties and factions - German repairations (not seen as helpful) - Powerless League of - In German nations Rise of Fascism and Nazism: New Democracies made at Fascism Beliefs and Mussolini comes to power due to… the end of WW1 fall to either dictators or kings Policies: - Strong leadership suspending constitutions - His vision to improve Itaky (all except czechoslovakia) - Stresses extreme loyalty - Dictators were seen - One party rule In October 1922 after “The March on as only way for - Militaristic Rome” mussolini takes power of stability. - No individusl rights Italy. - Stare is supreme Spanish Civil War: - Suppot comes from Hitler in Germany Francisco Franco leads aristocrats, industrislists, Spains Military in a revolt veterans, and loer middle Hitler is a good… against Spanish republican class government. - Organizer Aiding: - Speaker Franco- Italy and Germany Mussolini in Italy: Republic- USSR and foreign Fascism grows due to He writes his plan in his book, Mein volunteers Kampf that included anti-semetism Franco wins, creating a disappointment with… and plans for conquest military dictatorship. - Paris peace confrence (lebenstraum). * Hitler uses this as trial run - Inflation for military techniques. - unemployment The economic problems in Germany, and fear of communism allow  Mussolini and Rise of Fascism and Nazism: Hilter: Fascism Communism Mussolini is the Condemns class Focuses on class beginning of implying warfare and struggle and Fascism in real life in upholds doesn’t care for Italy. Hitler watched importance of racism and his career and took racial and nationalism. notes. When Hitler national became powerful in superiority. Uses Germany he and extreme Mussolini became nationalism.  Totalitarianism leader Under Stalin: Rise of Communism: techniques: POLICE STATE - Attack with public force to bring POLICE TERROR Lenins Rule: terror - - The great purge is used to Government uses police to - Launches NEP, communism spy on and intimidate people. remove Stalins perceived enemies but allows Kulaks to control INDOCTRINATION PROPAGANDA AND CENSORSHIP some land. - Government controls all media - He creates self-governing - Art and music glorifies the party - Government shapes childrens republics under control of minds through slanted (social realism) national government education. - Women do work in USSR - Russia is renamed to USSR EDUCATION AND INDOCTRINATION - Bolsheviks change into the PROPAGANDA AND CENSORSHIP - Government controls all education communist party using Karl - Governtment controls mass - Children learn virtues of Marx’s ideas. media and crushes opposing communist party views - Teacher and students who Stalin becomes dictator: challenge party are killed RELIGIOUS OR ETHNIC (killed or sent to Gulags: forces labor Stalin gains power from 1922-1927 PERSECUTION camps) using manipulation and violence, RELIGION - Leaders brand religious and - Government under Lenin attack and removes Trotsky from the line. ethnic minorities “Enemies of Russian Orthodox church the state”. - Beautiful churches and Totalitairianism: - They turn churches into synogogues are destroyed museums or government - Religious leaders are killed Government controls all parts of life offices - People loose all personal rights Rise of Communism: Life Under Stalin: Stalin gains all economic control: EDUCATIONS BETTER AND NEW SKILLS ARE GAINED He removes NEP and transitions into a command economy where the government - Limited freedom and consumer goods. makes all economic decisions. WOMEN ARE EQUAL TO MEN Five Year Plans - Stalins plan for developing - Women forced to join labor force and kids the economy. go to state provided care Result- large industrial growth but shortage of WOMEN GOT HIGH EDUCATION AND GOOD consumer goods. JOBS - Women suffer from demands of work AND Agriculture: family Collective Farms- owned by state BY 1930’s STALIN HAS TRANSFORMED THE USSR: industrial and political power. Kulaks and Peasants resist change so 5-10 million die in crackdown. - Stalin controls all aspects of soviet life - Unopposed as a dictator and communist Agriculture production rises yet food is not party leader given to country people, only city. - Rules by terror 17.1 terms and questions Non Agression Pact: 1939- A secrect pact between Hitler and Stalin to not attack eachother and divide Poland among them after conquering it. Appeasement: A policy of making concessions to avoing war. Associated to Hitler getting Czechoslovakia in return of "peace". Demilitarized: A region where no military forces or weapons are permitted. Sanctions: Economic or political penalties imposed by one country to permit change on the opposing country. How did appeasement affect Hitlers plans? It imbolded Hitlers expansion plans by giving him the impression that he could aggressively take territory without opposition from France or Britain. How did WW1 affect European leaders attitudes towards international aggression? Leaders tried to avoid international aggression due to major losses in WW1. Why was the Munich conference seen as a failure in appeasement? Because they gave Hitler the Sudetenland like he wanted, but failed to have enforcement to stop further aggression or taking land. Why did Japan use deception to justify military takeover of Manchuria? They fabricated the "Mukden incident”allowing them to blame China for an attack on a Japanese railway, so they could claim self-defense. What countries did Japan plan to build the New Order around? China, Korea and territories of southeast Asia. Why was the threat of economic sanctions a concern to Japan? Japan was heavily dependant on raw materials lke iron, oil and steel to keep their military and economics up. The Holocaust + *Hitler was Preparing for *Meanwhile in Deppression: War 1936 OLYMPICS: Germany… MEDIA CONTROL - Nazis are in control of all Deppression: BERLIN media. Loud speakers are Unemployment rate created throughout the streets as to anger in citizens. hear Hilters speeches and The Nazis used the 1. People allowed Hilter to news that glorifies the party. take control in hopes he Olympics to show Propaganda films are also would make his promise Germanys strength and produced to gain Nazi of change true. that nothing was going support. BYE BOOKS 2. Nazi party was gaining on with the country and - Books deemed inferior to the support. it was perfectly fine. Nazi party were burned. 3. Hitler becomes They also hid anti- CAMPS Chancellor of Germany - The Nazi party's next plan semetism, if they was to send everyone who in 1933 showed it other seemed an enemy into Hitler In Charge: camps: all Jews were sent. Hitler gives people work - countries may Hitler created laws making ending the depression. boycott the Jews, "non-citizens”who had Jobs: olympics. to wear the star of David on 4. Making weapons their clothes to show they were Jews and open to the 5. Making highways The olympics were an abuse. Jews were not overall success for allowed to be seen with  BOXING TENSION MUNICH CONFERENCE The Holocaust + - While it may have started - Great Britain is agianst the Depression out as a simple boxing rise of the Nazis so British match between a German Prime Minister, Winston Backround: and an American it turned Churchill proposes an *Meanwhile in into much more with the appeasement deal at the Germany… growing tension Munich Conference to give NAZISM SPREADS surrounding the two Hitler what he wanted: the - Hitler begins an attack to countries. Sudetenland. In return conquer Austria although HITLER+MUSSOLINI FRIENDSHIP Hitler promises to not they were never supposed - Mussolini knows Hilter enter Poland and to to align again. Although was far more powerful maintain the borders of the Austrian government than he. Mussolini was Czechoslovakia. was unhappy with Hitlers more talk than action, but SUDETENLAND proceeds he was able to Hitler, he had a plan and - Contained Germans, along overtake them. Many Mussolini knew it. borders of Czechoslovakia. Austrians did however, Mussolini knew the world Hilter argues that the cheer as the Nazis arrived, war was planned and Germans there were not hoping for sstability in this coming, he just hoped it fairly treated. vulnerable time. Not to was not as soon to give mention, less severe forms Italy the much needed of anti-semetism was time to prepare. The issue spreading throughout was Hitler had his own pan Europe. and the war would start on his terms, so when Italy 17. 4 terms and questions The Holocaust: Nazi program made to kill peope they considered inferior. Millions of Jews died along with Poles, Gypsies, Communists, Socialsts, ect.` Genocide: The dilliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those in a particular ethnic group or religion. Kristallnacht: "Night of Broken Glass" November 9, 1938 Nazi troops attacked Jewish homes, buisnesses, and synogogues throughout Germany. Collaborator: One who works jointly with others to cooperate with or willingly assist an enemy of ones country. Madagascar plan: Nazi Germanys plan to relocate all European Jews to the French colony of Madagascar. The "Final Solution": Nazi Germanys final plan and execution of genocide against European Jews. Heinrich Himmlev: Entrusted by Hitler with adinistration of the "Final Solution”to the Jewish question. Head of SS (Hitlers Blackshirted elite bodygaurds). Which oversaw death camps. Lebenstraum: Hitlers expansionist theory based on a drive to aquire "living space”for German people. What were Hitlers plans for many of the lands east of Germany? It was called the Lebenstraum, and he wanted to use genocide and other cruel techinques to Germanize the region. How did ressetlement contribute to the goals of Hitlers new orders? It enabled expansion of the reich, the elimination of perceived "inferior" populations and establishment of a racially pure Europe. What were the Einsatzgruppen and how did they operate? They were SS mobile killing squads that worked by targeting groups of people through mass execution after rounding them up. How did some collaborators make the genocide possible? Collaborators assisted by identifying people and sending them to the concentration camps, contributing to the genocide. What characterized New Order in Japan? Japans New Order was described as a goal to create a Greater East Asia Co- prosperity sphere. Which they did by kicking western powers out only to force people into the same hard labor and drain them of their resources themselves. How did southeast Asian nationalists respond to their Japanese occupiers? At first they welcomed them, but later once destruction Stages of the Holocaust *SA/ER* 1938: Kristallnacht *nov 10* 1933: Boycott of Jewish Also called night of Buisnesses broken glass. Nazi officials unleash a Hitler announces a savage nationwide boycott of all Jewish campaign of terror buisnesses. This isolates against Germany's Jews both socially and Jewish population. Many economically from Jews are killed and German society. hundreds of Jewish shops and synogogues are destroyed. 30,000 Jews are arrested and 1933 1934 1935 sent to prison 1936 camps. 1937 1938 1939 1935: Nuremberg Laws Laws are passed 1939: Jewish Ghettos depriving Jews of their citizenship and banning Ghettos, or confined marriages between Jews areas in a city in east and non-Jews. All Jews Europe were used as a are forced to wwear a holding place for Jews. yellow star to be Jews were forced to live identified and to show in Ghettos. they are open to abuse. Camps: (1939-1945) Jews and other "enemies of the state" (Mental dissordered, communists, ect) were imprisoned from 1939-1942. In 1942 they were sent to concentration camps, build specifically to Stages of the Holocaust *SA/ER* 1942-1945: The Final Solution At the Wannsee conference Nazi 1944: Liberation officials agree to move forward with a plan to kill all European Jews. Allied troops liberate; or Death camps are built for this. free aproximately Deportation of Jews throughout 300,000 Jews from the Europe begin. Six million Jews are concentration/death killed with the help of collaborators camps. like France. 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1942: Madagascar Plan 1945: WWII The Madagascar 1942-1945: Deportations Throughout Europe Ends plan was a failed plan due to Nazis systematically transportation round up European Jews issues. But the plan and transport them to was to send all death camps in eastern Jews to the French Europe. colony of Madagascar after Camps: France(1939-1945) collapses. Jews and other "enemies of the state" (Mental dissordered, communists, ect) were imprisoned from 1939-1942. In 1942 they were sent to concentration camps, build specifically to  8- They stayed strong The Holocaust and resisted death. Death Note: The Jews were never specifically told what would Resistance was the Nazis goal so to stay strong and survive happen to them and when. Ways People Resisted: *SA/ER* 1- They got illegal they were resisting. 9- They had resistance Saving the Children: When healthcare and education, groups that aided making the Nazis marched on and created schools. plans and gaining supplies. Prague Nicholas Winton, a 2- They had theaters 10- People would say, rich buisnessman from and created a community to if he/she/they go I go to so England came and took attempt at going through they are dying on their own many fo the children back with daily life. To terms. to Great Britain with him. accomplish this they would 11- Jews stayed loyal He put the kids into British celebrate Bar-Mitvas, have to their faith families after getting the dinners together, ect. 12- They created a governments yes. Many 3- They would take ghetto fighters house. other parents had food. 13- Resisting in camps previously sent their 4- They kept and staying alive. children to different archives/diaries of their If anyone had been caught countries. lives and experiences. doing any of these items 5- They fought back. they would have been Propaganda immediately news killed.made 6- They created a large jews seem non-human, network of individuals to comparing them to rats. acess weapons. 7- When getting Steps Towards War JAPAN INVADES MANCHURIA,they already had access since WWI but they fully take over in 193 1931. No one from the league responds or does anything, showing if someone wants war 1 no one will stop them. 193 The Nazis become the biggest party in the Reichstag (German Parliament). 2 - Hitler is appointed Chancellor of Germany. (January 1933) - Reichstag passes enabling act, granting Hitler absolute dictorial power for four years. 193 But after four yeas he does not hand back the power. (March 1933) 3 - Germany withdrawals from the League of nations. They had been members since 1926 under the Wiemer Republic. (October 1933) 193 Nuremberg Laws are passed, depriving Jews of their citizenship and rights, deeming them guests. 4 - Hitler announces German re-armament. This action while being a violation of the Treaty of Paris helped Germanys economy by providing Jobs.(March 1935) 193 - Anglo- German naval agreement is signed after Hitler gets permission from Britian to 5 start a German Navy again that is 35% of the British Navy as to not challenge them and he is allowed to have U-Boats. He challenges them. (June 1935) - Mussolini invades Ethiopia and receives Hitlers support. The punishment was they weren't allowed to trade, yet France and Britain still did. (October 1935) 193 - German armies move unopposed into the demilitarized Rhineland, France does nothing. (March 1936) 6 - Civil war breaks out in Spain, Franco wins with help of Germany and Italy. Steps Towards War - Japan invades China 193 - Rome-Berlin Axis in effect (Their Alliance that Japan soon joins) 7 - Germany invades Austria, Anschluss. They made movies of this event making it seem like everyone was happy, welcoming the Nazis, but in reality they took it by force. 193 (March 1938) 8 - Munich conference (September 1938) 1- France agrees to German seizure of the Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia 2- Stalin nor Czechoslovakia was invited - Germany occupies the rest of Czechoslovakia: appeasement in Europe ends (March 1939) 193 - Nazi-Soviet Non Agression Pact: agreement to split Poland. Stalin prepares for war. 9 (August 1939) - GERMANY INVADES POLAND: SEPTEMBER 1ST, 1939 - BRITAIN AND FRANCE DECLARE WAR ON GERMANY: SEPTEMBER 3RD, 1939 PRE - REQUISITES TO INVADE CZECHOSLOVAKIA 1. An apparent cause - The treatment of Germans there. 2. Adequete political justification - Self Determination 3. Action not expected by the enemy which will find them not ready - agree to the terms, then take it all. Violations of The Treaty of Paris *SA/ER* First VTOV: Hitler announces German re-armament and creates Luftwaffe. - According to TOV Germany was only allowed to have 100 volunteer men in their military and they couldn't produce weapons. Second VTOV: A German Nazy is created, with U-Boats. - According to TOV Germany could not have a Navy. Third VTOV: German soldiers mobilize into the Rhineland - According to TOV Germany cannot enter the Rhineland as to keep peace with France. Fourth VTOV: Germany invades Austria (Anschluss) - According to TOV Germany is to not align with Austria again after WWI. Dates To Know In This Section: September 1st, 1939: Germany invades Poland September 3rd, 1939: Great Britain and France declare war on Germany  Atrocities That The Rape of Occured: - Japans soldiers looted homes and buildings. Nanjang - Japans government Injure and rape sponsered experiments civilians. into biological and Kim Young-Shil's chemical warefare. People from U.S, USSR, Story: - They preformed tests Germans and Danish She was a normal girl who on living humans, and people came and created was offered a new job by a operated on them a neutral area called the man in a fancy suit. Seeing without anesthetic. "International Safety as she was a maid she'd - They killed thousands Zone" to shelter chinese assumed any job would be of prisoners of war and refugees. better so she followed him civilians, specifically - What Can we Learn? and several other girls into a from China. People will never always follow truck. They were takn to - They produced germ- the rules unless there is a rooms and laid down by filled bombs to drop on punishment. Japanese soldiers who raped Chinese cities the girls. They dehumanized Broken Rules of - Prisoners were used as the girls and did not even International slave laborers to build allow them to speak their Agreements: the giant "death - "You cannot employ poison native language. For anyone railway” that over half weapons." whom was to disobey would of them died on. - "Women shall be treated be killed infront of all of the - After capturing the with all their regard due to 17.2 terms and questions Blitzkrieg- "Lightning war" Germany's new military strategy including initial strikes by Luftwaffe followed by invasion of fast tanks and infantry to quickly destroy opposition. Luftwaffe- German airforce created by Hitler, a violation of Treaty of Paris. Island Hopping- A military strategy in WWII that involved selectively attacking specifically enemy-held islands, and bypassing others. Why did the US follow isolationism at the start of the war? To avoid repeating past mistakes of WWI and focus on domestic issues. Why was control of the skies key in the Battle of Britain? Because to invade Britain the Luftwaffe first had to defeat the Royal Air Force. Why did Hitler bomb British cities rather than military targets? He was aiming to break British moral and force them to surrender. What assumptions did Hitler make about invading the Soviet Union? The Soviet army was weak and communism was fragile and quick victory was acheviable. What assumption did the axis powers make about US involvement in war? The quickness in which they would mobilize after the attack on pearl harbor. Why was the German assualt on Stalingrad a crushing loss for the Germans? The German's name was getting dragged and the harsh winter got to them after being delayed in cold Russia for so long. European Theater *Spring 1940, Hitler invades Batte of Britain: One of the Denmark, Norway, most critical battles of WWII. - Blitzkreig was used as a Netherlands, Belgium and Hitler was trying to soften fast technique to defeat Luxemborg. Britain for an invasion enemies, practiced in the Spanish civil war. (Operation Sealion). The *Fall of France occured un Luftwaffe was ssent to destroy less than six weeks. the Royal Air Force and destroy *Poland is defeated in about a month and the partition their planes. - Dunkirk thousands of - occurred like stated in the Nazi- The Prime minister, French and British soldiers Winston Churchill Russo Pact once the USSR are trapped on the emerged as an attacks from the east. beaches of France. British inspirational war leader. citizens sen themselves The Royal Air Force begins *Stalin invades Finland, Estonia, on boats to retrieve their bombing Berlin, so Hitler quits Latvia, and Lithuania in 1939- soldiers. being soft and begins the 1940 to create a buffer zone in belief Hitler will soon invade Bombing of London. But the - Vichy France Hitler does the USSR. RAF recovers and ultimately not want to waste time wins with the new radar system subduing all of France, so that allowed them to predict - Sitzkreig or phony war he creats the puppet attacks. was going on after government in southern Significance: Hitler had to Germany invaded Poland. France. gaurd against a future two- It went on for 7 months, Britain and France do front war; D-day will launch *Churchill now wants America's from England and they will nothing and the world help fighting Germany. He not fall. believes WWII is a myth European Theater- Land Lease Act is a new agreement Japans response: alliance with axis powers to - Tripiparte Pact is get prepared for the… where the US ends created when Japan is Attack on Pearl Harbor their neutrality and added to the Berlin- **DECEMBER 7th, 1941** gives the USSR and - Rome axis for mutual And attack other US bases in the Pacific GB large amounts of - defense and military And British holdings in Malaya, Hong Kong, money and supplies support. and the Pacific. to help the war December 8th, 1941 US and Britain declare effort. *Germany invades the USSR, war on Japan *Stalin and Churchill meet - but does not make expected Germany and Italy declare war on US secretly to divide the time in Lebenstraum and Bulkans region of Europe. Stalingrad and doesn't arrive Japanese Victories in the early 1942: until winter. The Germans Pacific Theater 1. Philippines US were not prepared for wither 2. Dutch east Indies in russia, giving the USSR the Japanese aggression: 3. Singapore GB upper hand. 1. Annexed Korea 4. Burma GB 2. Occupied 5. Other south-east and Pacific territories *FDR and Churchill meet Manchuria American Victories secretly after invasion of 3. Invaded China 6. Battle of the Coral Sea (Australia) USSR: decide… 4. Removed Ended Japan's advancement into Australia. - Once Axis powers western 7. Battle of Midway (Island near Pearl Harbor) defeated there will be occupacion to **JUNE 3-6, 1942** no territory changes. improve Americans were able to be prepared for timely - Called for permanent themselves bomber attacks mainly fought by aircraft after general security American response: figuring out when Japanese were coming. The US system, later the United Puts an embargo on wins!! Nations. Japanalong with Britain, **US REGAINS NAVAL SUPERIORITY IN THE Dates To Know In This Section: December 7th, 1941: Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor June 3rd-6th, 1942: Battle of Midway where the US gains naval superiority in the Pacific 17.3 questions How did the bombing of cities effect civilians- It led to rationing, shortages, increased civilian production, employment shifts and heightened social tensions. It also caused civilian death, property loss and terror. Why did European governments think bombing the cities would help them win the war- They believed it would weaken the enemies war effort and morale, leading to victory. Kamikaze- Japanese suicide pilots who loaded their planes with explosives and crashed into US ships. Internment- The confinement of partiular groups of people in prison. They did this to Japanese Americans. Blitz- British term for German air raids on british towns and cities. During the early parts of the war how did Japans approach to the economy differ from Germanys? Germany was trying to keep their economy running as usual to not break citizen morale. While Japan civilians were expected to donate everything inclutig lives to the ware effort..How did rationing help the war effort? They were able to use the supplies for the war effort and it helped all citizens to still have access to food and other necessities. The Home Front and Civilians **SA/ER** Great Britain The USSR Blitz- German air raids to destroy the Civilians- Citizens were effected by drastic morale of British citizens. emergency measures, especially during the 900 day siege of Liningrad where civilians Children- Children were evacuated from helped protect their city. cities to the countryside, and some were sent on ships to Canada or the US. Children- Children were taken and evacuated. Still British morale remained high! Food- Low food let to people eating dogs, Bomb safety- Citizens would have to go in cats, horses rats, ect, some even turned to underground tunnels when the bomb sirens cannibalism.This is because rationing was went off. only provided as coupons to those living in cities and on the countryside you were Rationing- Families got coupons based expected to grow your own food. There was apon their family needs. They could only get great hunger and corpses were piling up in these specific goods at the store. Some the streets. people wanted more, so they illegally purchased goods on the black market, Women- Woman played a large role in although this was considered un-patriotic. helping with war, they worked in factories, mines, and railroads, they fought in battle, Spies- various women who did not want to they dug anti-tank ditches and served as air be apart of the work force became spies to raid wardens. help the war effort. And spied on the German occupation in France. They were Work- there was a food and home shortage, called "Churchills secret army". so one of the jobs people had to do was The Home Front and Civilians **SA/ER** The United States Germany The Great Migration- Constructions of new factories out westcreated boom towns that sparked migration west in search Total Mobilization- Total of work. Many African Americans also left the south creating mobilization in Germany did not racial tension. occur until July 1944. Some said hitler waited too long. Japanese Americans- Since the US was opposing Japan they - put Japanese Americans in Internment in fear they were enemies. Schools, theaters, and cafés They got their money and all items taken. And after a long period closed of time they were given the choice to admit being against the US Woman- Not untill late in the war and go back to Japan or stay imprisoned in the US. did very few women even begin to Germans and Italians- Germans and Italians were also seen as work in factories. enemies and were taken in internment if they were more under Hitler Youth- Was a program that suspicion ex: having the Mein Kampf book. was made to teach kids the Nazi Women- Women worked primarily in the boom towns in party and their values. factories. Some wanted to contribute more, so they were apart of - When Allies enter Berlin the the small "womens air force service pilots or WASPS" Hitler Youth kids were - They werent on the battle field but they transported things standing with the adult like plane parts, tools, ect. soldiers holding weapons and fighting. There was also the Womens Army Corps Cities bombed- Germany was - They went through mail and were also non-combat. They heavily bombed and citizens had to created a tracking device to ship out mail. "No mail, no endure the smoke, fire and deaths moral" starting in England and succeeded so much that that came with that. The Home Front and Civilians **SA/ER** The USSR Blitz- German air raids to destroy the Civilians- Citizens were effected by drastic morale of British citizens. emergency measures, especially during the 900 day siege of Liningrad where civilians Children- Children were evacuated from helped protect their city. cities to the countryside, and some were sent on ships to Canada or the US. Children- Children were taken and evacuated. Still British morale remained high! Food- Low food let to people eating dogs, Bomb safety- Citizens would have to go in cats, horses rats, ect, some even turned to underground tunnels when the bomb sirens cannibalism.This is because rationing was went off. only provided as coupons to those living in cities and on the countryside you were Rationing- Families got coupons based expected to grow your own food. There was apon their family needs. They could only get great hunger and corpses were piling up in these specific goods at the store. Some the streets. people wanted more, so they illegally purchased goods on the black market, Women- Woman played a large role in although this was considered un-patriotic. helping with war, they worked in factories, mines, and railroads, they fought in battle, Spies- various women who did not want to they dug anti-tank ditches and served as air be apart of the work force became spies to raid wardens. help the war effort. And spied on the German occupation in France. They were Work- there was a food and home shortage, called "Churchills secret army". so one of the jobs people had to do was