World War I Review Sheet PDF

World War I Review Sheet Chronological Events with Dates: 1.​ Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand - June 28, 1914​ ○​ Who: Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne. ○​ What Happened: Assassinated in Sarajevo by Gavrilo Princip, sparking the...

World War I Review Sheet Chronological Events with Dates: 1.​ Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand - June 28, 1914​ ○​ Who: Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne. ○​ What Happened: Assassinated in Sarajevo by Gavrilo Princip, sparking the beginning of World War I. 2.​ Lusitania Sinking - May 7, 1915​ ○​ What Happened: A British ocean liner was sunk by a German U-boat, killing 1,198 passengers, including 128 Americans. This event increased anti-German sentiment, particularly in the U.S. 3.​ Zimmerman Telegram - January 1917​ ○​ Who: German Foreign Minister Arthur Zimmermann and German Minister to Mexico Heinrich von Eckardt. ○​ What Happened: A secret telegram proposing a German-Mexican alliance against the U.S., intercepted by British intelligence and shared with the U.S. 4.​ Russian Revolutions:​ ○​ February Revolution - March 8–16, 1917 (Julian Calendar: February 23–March 3, 1917) ​ Who: Czar Nicholas II abdicated after widespread unrest, ending the Romanov dynasty. ○​ October Revolution - November 7–8, 1917 (Julian Calendar: October 25–26, 1917) ​ Who: Vladimir Lenin led the Bolshevik Party to overthrow the provisional government and establish communist rule. 5.​ U.S. Enters WWI - April 6, 1917​ ○​ Who: U.S. President Woodrow Wilson. ○​ What Happened: The U.S. declared war on Germany, citing unrestricted submarine warfare and the Zimmerman Telegram. 6.​ Assassination of Czar Nicholas II - July 17, 1918​ ○​ Who: Czar Nicholas II and his family. ○​ What Happened: Executed by the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War. 7.​ Treaty of Versailles - June 28, 1919​ ○​ Who: French Premier Georges Clemenceau, British Prime Minister David Lloyd George, U.S. President Woodrow Wilson.  ○​ What Happened: Officially ended World War I. The treaty imposed heavy reparations and territorial losses on Germany, sowing the seeds for future conflict. Key People: 1.​ Archduke Franz Ferdinand​ ○​ Heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne. His assassination was the immediate trigger for World War I. 2.​ Gavrilo Princip​ ○​ A Bosnian Serb nationalist and member of the Black Hand. Assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo. 3.​ Black Hand​ ○​ A secret Serbian nationalist organization aiming to unify Serbs and Slavs under Serbian rule. Planned and executed the assassination of Franz Ferdinand. 4.​ Arthur Zimmermann​ ○​ German Foreign Minister who authored the Zimmerman Telegram, proposing an alliance between Germany and Mexico. 5.​ Heinrich von Eckardt​ ○​ German Minister to Mexico. Tasked with negotiating the proposed German-Mexican alliance. 6.​ Woodrow Wilson​ ○​ President of the United States during World War I. Led the U.S. into the war and promoted the League of Nations in the Treaty of Versailles negotiations. 7.​ Czar Nicholas II​ ○​ The last Emperor of Russia. Abdicated in 1917 and was executed by the Bolsheviks in 1918. 8.​ Vladimir Lenin​ ○​ Leader of the Bolshevik Party. Played a key role in the October Revolution and the establishment of communist rule in Russia. 9.​ Georges Clemenceau​ ○​ Premier of France. Known as "The Tiger" for his firm stance on punishing Germany during the Treaty of Versailles negotiations.  10.​David Lloyd George​ ​ Prime Minister of Britain. Balanced demands for reparations with the need for European stability during the Treaty of Versailles. Key Terms and Concepts: 1.​ Zimmerman Telegram​ ○​ A German proposal to Mexico suggesting an alliance against the U.S. This was a significant factor in the U.S. decision to enter the war. 2.​ Unrestricted Submarine Warfare​ ○​ Germany’s policy of sinking all ships, including neutral ones, in war zones. This policy angered neutral countries and pushed the U.S. toward war. 3.​ Treaty of Versailles​ ○​ The peace treaty that ended World War I, imposing severe penalties on Germany and redrawing European borders. 4.​ Russian Revolutions​ ○​ A series of uprisings in 1917 that led to the abdication of Czar Nicholas II, the fall of the Romanov dynasty, and the rise of the Bolsheviks under Lenin. 5.​ Triple Alliance​ ○​ Who: Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. ○​ What: A military alliance formed in 1882 to provide mutual defense against other European powers. 6.​ Triple Entente​ ○​ Who: France, Russia, and Britain. ○​ What: A military understanding formalized in 1907 to counterbalance the Triple Alliance and ensure cooperation against common threats. Additional ingormaion: ​ Be prepared to explain broader themes like nationalism, militarism, alliances, and the aftermath of war. ​ Be prepared to explain how WWI became a new type of war: tanks, planse, machine guns and gas. ​ Be prepared to explain in detal at least 5 key points of the Treaty of Versailles.