Week 7 deviance copy (3).pptx

DEVIANCE IN SPORT AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY CHAPTER 8 What is deviance? Deviance and otherness Social control On the field deviance Off the field deviance OVERVIEW WHAT IS DEVIANCE?  Breaks the rules or violates norms  Negative and positive deviance  ”Deviance dance”  Sport is a place for to...

DEVIANCE IN SPORT AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY CHAPTER 8 What is deviance? Deviance and otherness Social control On the field deviance Off the field deviance OVERVIEW WHAT IS DEVIANCE?  Breaks the rules or violates norms  Negative and positive deviance  ”Deviance dance”  Sport is a place for tolerable deviance Deviance may involve underconformity or overconformity DEVIANC E DANCE DEVIANCE DANCE Lifting weights is accepted But for children? TOLERABLE DEVIANCE IN SPORT In everyday society: Speeding is illegal NASCAR: High speed and crashes are normal THEORETICAL VIEWPOINTS OF DEVIANCE IN SPORT  Functionalist (two applications)  Deviance is a sign of immorality and not abiding by the rules. Deviance is a ‘social fact’.  Some deviance is accepted and celebrated in sport. THEORETICAL VIEWPOINTS OF DEVIANCE  Conflict theory  Deviance is a social construction – a result of social conditions  Critical theories (feminism; CRT)  Dominant groups establish norms and social control; define ‘deviance’ DEVIANCE AND OTHERNESS  Creating a deviant “other” is a cultural process  Otherness can be ‘feared, loathed, or admired’  Deviantized bodies (cont’d) DEVIANTIZED BODIES BODIES THAT DO NOT CONFORM TO THE ‘NORM’ DEVIANTIZED BODIES – ATHLETES WITH DISABILITIES  Bodies that do not fit the ’norm’  Athletes with disabilities  Inspirational  Olympics vs. Paralympics, Special Olympics, Deaflympics  History of persons with disabilities in creating disability sport vs. Dr. Guttmann  Inclusion / exclusion in Paralympics  Cyborg vs. able-bodied athletes SOCIAL CONTROL  Deviance become defined by people, groups, & organizations  Formal and informal  Direct or general  From within a sport field or from outside ON THE FIELD DEVIANCE SPORT ETHIC (HUGHES & COAKLEY, 1991; MCEWEN & YOUNG, 2011)  making sacrifices for one’s team or sport  striving for distinction  accepting risks and pain  refusing to accept limits  Positive deviance Substance must meet two of three criteria Potential to enhance performance It presents an actual or potential health risk It violates the “spirit of the sport” WADA CRITERIA PROHIBITIO N  examples PERFORMANCE  problems with definitions 1. Why are other techniques to ENHANCING boost performance SUBSTANCES acceptable? 2. 3. 4. Is it deviant if everyone uses them? Why can we use performanceenhancers in our daily lives? Use of other substances (next slide) USE OF OTHER SUBSTANCES  Alcohol  Alcohol’s impact on performance?  Alcohol’s place in sport-based rituals  Funding from alcohol companies  Painkillers  A fluid drug: Deviant or noble?  Normalized use of other substances  Laxatives to make weight POLICING PED USE – CRITICISMS & ARGUMENTS AGAINST Violation of basic human rights Is a level playing field achievable? Influence how athletes understand themselves Athletes are one step ahead Inconsistent regulations and applications Concern for health? DEVIANCE BY OTHER GROUPS  coaches  administrato rs DEVIANCE BY OTHER GROUPS  spectators & parents  agents  officials OFF THE FIELD DEVIANCE OFF THE FIELD DEVIANCE  How is it framed by the media? What ‘deviant’ acts are covered? Which are ignored?  Highlights moral codes (politics, race, gender)  How was Colin Kaepernick portrayed?  Hockey riots in Vancouver: “troublemakers” vs. boisterous revelers  Women’s ice hockey gold medal @ 2010 Olympics NFL ARREST RATES VS. NATIONAL AVERAGE (USA TODAY) OFF THE FIELD DEVIANCE  Impact of off-the-field deviance  Spoiled identity vs. successful management