Week 3 - Network Mediums and Cabling (3).pptx
Transcript
Week 3: Network Cabling NTWK8021 – Network Planning What we covered last lecture • • • • The Basics of Networking The OSI Model Cisco Packet Tracer Practical Lab 3 – Due this Week Welcome to Week 3! This week were are going to discuss different network cable types and how to create cat5e ether...
Week 3: Network Cabling NTWK8021 – Network Planning What we covered last lecture • • • • The Basics of Networking The OSI Model Cisco Packet Tracer Practical Lab 3 – Due this Week Welcome to Week 3! This week were are going to discuss different network cable types and how to create cat5e ethernet cables After this lecture, you should be able to… • • • Understand basic network cable types, including twisted pair (Ethernet), coaxial and fibre cables Wiring Standards Understand how to create cat5/6 straight through and cross-over cables Part 1: Network Cables NTWK8021 – Network Planning Class Discussion on Network Cables • Have you used a network cable before? • Have you only used Wi-Fi? • Do you know which network cable your ISP (Internet Service Provider) uses for home network connectivity? • Which Layer of the OSI model relates to physical cabling? Data Center Network Cabling What are Network Cables? • Network cables serve as the physical medium for transmitting data in computer networks • Operate at Layer 1: The Physical Layer of the OSI model Network Cable Types • In today’s lesson, we are going to discuss the below network cables – Coaxial cable – Twisted pair cables (ethernet) – Fibre optic cables Coaxial Cable • Coaxial cable is an electrical cable widely used in various scenarios, including television, internet, and telecommunications • Commonly used by ISPs to provide network connectivity to Residential Customers Coaxial Cable Twisted-Pair Cables • Twisted-pair cable consists of multiple individually insulated wires that are twisted together in pairs. • Sometimes a metallic shield is placed around them; hence the name shielded twisted-pair (STP). • Cable without outer shielding is called unshielded twisted-pair (UTP), and it’s used in twisted-pair Ethernet (10Base-T, 100BaseTX, 1000Base-TX) networks. • So why are the wires in this cable type twisted? Because when electromagnetic signals are conducted on copper wires in close proximity—like inside a cable—it causes interference called crosstalk. Twisting two wires together as a pair minimizes interference and even protects against interference from outside sources. Unshielded Twisted-Pair This cable type is the most common today for the following reasons: • It’s cheaper than other types of cabling. • It’s easy to work with. • It allows faster transmission rates than previous cable types. • UTP cable is rated in these categories: – – – – – – – Cat1 Cat2 Cat3 Cat4 Cat5 Cat5e cat6 Common UTP Cable Categories and Speeds • Most networks these days will use Cat5e or Cat6 ethernet cables • Common speeds these cables can support are 100Mbps or 1Gbps • Please see Chapter 3 of the textbook for descriptions of the differences between each category Cat5e UTP Cable UTP Cable Connectors • There are two standard connectors you will see with Twisted pair cables RJ-45 and RJ-11 – Ethernet cables use the RJ-45 connector which has four pairs (eight wires) – Desk Phones and older devices use the RJ11 connector, which has four wires RJ Connectors RJ-45 Connector Typical Pin-Outs Fibre Optic Cable • Fibre optic cables transmit data using light pulses through thin glass or plastic strands • They offer high-speed data transmission and can support much longer distances than other mediums • Not affected by electromagnetic interference • Fibre optic cables are widely used in highbandwidth networks, internet backbones, and telecommunications Fibre Optic Cable Q/A Any Questions? Part 2: Ethernet Wiring Standards NTWK8021 – Network Planning Wiring Standards • Ethernet cabling is essential to understand, especially if you plan to work on any LAN. There are different types of wiring standards available: – – – – – T568A T568B Straight-through Crossover Rolled/rollover T568A and T568B • T568A and T568B are the two most common standards used for Ethernet cable termination • T568A is considered legacy, while T568B is used more often in homes and workplaces T568A and T568B Diagram Best Practices and Recommendations • Choose either T568A or T568B as the standard and be consistent throughout the network • Label cables and maintain documentation to ensure easy troubleshooting and to help with future network changes Straight-Through Cables • An ethernet cable that is most commonly used in a network for connecting clients to a network • Uses the same wiring on both ends of the cable. T568A-T568A, T568B-T568B • Connects Unlike devices together – Examples: PC-Switch, Switch-Router Straight-Through Cable Wiring Cross-Over Cables • An ethernet cable that’s primary goal is to connect similar devices – Examples PC-PC, Switch-Switch, PC-Router • Uses different wiring on both ends of the cable. T568A -T568B or T568B – T568A • Most commonly used to connect switches together Cross-Over Cable Wiring Class Discussion - Cable Choice • Let’s review which cable type we should use for the below devices. StraightThrough or Crossover Cables – PC – Switch – PC – PC – Switch – Router – Router - PC Roll-over Cables • Used for establishing console connections to the management interface of devices – Examples: Routers and Switches • Uses Serial DB9 on one end and RJ-45 on the other – Serial DB9 on the management PC – RJ-45 is on the device to be managed Roll-Over Cable Wiring Creating Network Cable Lab • If resources are available in the room, we will create a Straight-Through and a CrossOver Cable using the Lab document in Week 3 • If not available, please review the lab document instead Q/A – End of Lecture Any Questions?
