Week 3 AS: Theories & Models of Exercise Behaviour PDF

Theories & Models of Exercise Behaviour Part 2 Dr. Jeremy Walsh KINESIOL 3H03 Asynchronous Lecture #3 mcmaster.ca Lecture Outline and Objectives Theory/Model Disuse Transtheoretical Model Beyond the Individ...

Theories & Models of Exercise Behaviour Part 2 Dr. Jeremy Walsh KINESIOL 3H03 Asynchronous Lecture #3 mcmaster.ca Lecture Outline and Objectives Theory/Model Disuse Transtheoretical Model Beyond the Individual Social Ecological Model  An attempt to predict/explain why Refresher a behaviour or phenomenon occurs Theory Development Loading… Cycle  The Transtheoretical Model "Stages of Change” Pre-contemplation: unaware of the problem Contemplation: aware of problem, desired to change behaviour Preparation: Intends to take action Action: practices the desired behaviour Maintenance: works to sustain behaviour change  Evidence that People Move Through Stages Shift in decisional balance (pros vs. cons) Loading… Increased self-efficacy  The Transtheoretical Model "Stages of Change” Example: Exercise Pre-contemplation: Help people understand the benefits of exercise. Contemplation: Spur contemplators to identify more advantages of being active. Preparation: Help people get organized and start planning; give them tools and info. Action: Offer tips on overcoming barriers. Maintenance: Provide info to prevent backsliding. Limitations & Disuse of the Transtheoretical Model Major limitation of the TTM is that its constructs cannot reliably predict which stage a person will move to and when. The model fails to fully explain the mechanisms by which people change their exercise behavior and move across the stages. Because of this limitation and others, the TTM has largely fallen out of use in exercise psychology research. However, it is still used by some physical activity counselors because its simple and straight forward Social Ecological Models of Physical Activity Source: https://doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.39.5.04  Social Ecological Models From the Individual to Society At-Large Social Cognitive Theories (previous lectures) Focus on the individual How an individual THINKS & FEELS about exercise will determine future exercise behaviour Social Eco Models the individual is only 1 piece of the puzzle some responsibility Individual bears some responsibility for healthful behaviours… Individual Physical Activity Domains Interpersonal Factors Physical Environment Policy  Physical Activity Domains Areas of life where physical activities might take place Interpersonal-Level Factors Interactions and relationships b/w groups and individuals Physical Environment Features of the built and natural environment Policy Rules, regulations, and practices that may impact physical activity through a variety of mechanisms The Social Ecological Model of Physical Activity Comprised of correlates and determinants of PA Correlates Factors that are reliably associated (correlated) with PA behavior, but they do not cause changes in PA Loading… Example – owning exercise equipment Determinants Factors that are correlated with PA, but they also directly affect PA Example – weather and outdoor activity Difficult to establish what determines PA vs. what is correlated with PA For Lecture on Thursday…  Social Ecological Model Application @ Every Level - Bike lanes Physical environment - Trails in nature / preserving green space Physical environment - COVID restrictions on indoor and outdoor activities Policy - Support groups, mommy yoga, cancer survivor exercise groups Interpersonal - Company policies Policy - Drop bike availability - Pokemon Go Benefits of the Social Ecological Models A look at the “big picture” Gives us an understanding of the multiple levels of influence An environmental approach to behaviour change Limitations of the Social Ecological Models Feasibility and cost of implementation If we build it, will they come? ◦ Providing the resources does not mean that people will automatically become more physically active