Week 3 AS
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Questions and Answers

What characterizes the pre-contemplation stage of the Transtheoretical Model?

  • Individuals are actively practicing the desired behavior.
  • Individuals are unaware of their problem. (correct)
  • Individuals are planning to take action soon.
  • Individuals are aware of the problem and desire to change.

    • Which stage of the Transtheoretical Model involves preparing to take action?

  • Preparation (correct)
  • Contemplation
  • Maintenance
  • Action

    • What is a major limitation of the Transtheoretical Model?

  • It accurately predicts the timeline of behavior change.
  • It fully explains the mechanisms of behavior change.
  • It fails to identify distinct stages of change.
  • Its constructs do not reliably predict the movement between stages. (correct)

    • Which stage in the Transtheoretical Model is characterized by sustained behavior change?

    <p>Maintenance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can individuals be supported during the action stage of the Transtheoretical Model?

    <p>By providing tips on overcoming barriers to exercise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect does the Social Ecological Model emphasize about an individual's role in physical activity?

    <p>Individuals play a role, but it is part of a larger system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered a determinant of physical activity?

    <p>The weather</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is defined as factors reliably associated with physical activity behavior but do not cause changes in it?

    <p>Correlates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of factors involve interactions between groups and individuals affecting physical activity?

    <p>Interpersonal-level factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which domain of physical activity includes features of the built and natural environment?

    <p>Physical Environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does policy play in influencing physical activity according to the Social Ecological Model?

    <p>Policies may impact physical activity through regulations and practices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of physical activity, which of the following represents a common misunderstanding about correlates?

    <p>Correlates directly cause changes in physical activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a feature of the Social Ecological Model regarding physical activity?

    <p>Focusing solely on the individual.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe how the Transtheoretical Model can be utilized in promoting exercise among individuals in the contemplation stage.

    <p>In the contemplation stage, the Transtheoretical Model can encourage individuals to identify the advantages of being active by providing informative resources and motivational support.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the significance of self-efficacy in the Transtheoretical Model's framework for exercise behavior change.

    <p>Self-efficacy is crucial as it influences an individual's confidence in their ability to adopt and maintain an exercise regimen, thereby affecting their progression through the stages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some strategies that could be implemented during the maintenance stage to prevent backsliding into previous stages of exercise behavior?

    <p>Strategies during the maintenance stage could include regular check-ins, setting new fitness goals, and providing ongoing access to support and resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Contrast the focus of the Transtheoretical Model with that of the Social Ecological Model in the context of exercise behavior.

    <p>While the Transtheoretical Model focuses on individual stages of behavior change, the Social Ecological Model emphasizes environmental and social factors that influence physical activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify a limitation of the Transtheoretical Model regarding its predictive capabilities for exercise behavior change.

    <p>The model has limitations in reliably predicting which stage a person will move to and the timing of that transition, leading to inconsistencies in its application.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between correlates and determinants in the context of physical activity?

    <p>Correlates are factors that are reliably associated with physical activity but do not cause changes, while determinants are factors that not only correlate with but also directly affect physical activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Social Ecological Model view the individual's responsibility towards physical activity?

    <p>The Social Ecological Model acknowledges that the individual bears some responsibility for healthful behaviors as one piece of a larger puzzle that includes multiple factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the physical environment play in influencing physical activity according to the Social Ecological Model?

    <p>The physical environment includes features of the built and natural surroundings that can facilitate or hinder physical activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might some physical activity counselors still employ traditional models despite their limitations?

    <p>Some physical activity counselors may find traditional models simple and straightforward, making them easier to apply in practice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kinds of interactions are considered interpersonal-level factors in the Social Ecological Model?

    <p>Interpersonal-level factors include interactions and relationships between groups and individuals that can impact physical activity behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can policy impact physical activity participation?

    <p>Policy can influence physical activity through rules, regulations, and practices that create opportunities or barriers for participation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Social Ecological Model suggest about the complexity of promoting physical activity?

    <p>The model suggests that promoting physical activity requires a comprehensive approach that considers individual, interpersonal, environmental, and policy factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Can weather conditions be classified as a correlate or a determinant of physical activity, and why?

    <p>Weather conditions are classified as a determinant of physical activity because they directly affect an individual's ability to engage in outdoor activities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Theory/Model Disuse

    • The Transtheoretical Model is a popular theoretical model that describes stages of change
    • However, this model has fallen out of use due to some significant limitations
    • The model can't reliably predict what stage a person will move to or when
    • The model fails to explain the mechanisms that lead to changes in exercise behavior and how individuals transition across different stages

    The Transtheoretical Model

    • The Transtheoretical Model is also referred to as the "Stages of Change" model
    • This model describes 5 stages:
      • Pre-contemplation: unaware of the problem
      • Contemplation: aware of the problem and desiring change
      • Preparation: intending to take action
      • Action: engaging in the desired behaviour
      • Maintenance: working to sustain the behavior change
    • Evidence suggests that people move through these stages as their decisional balance shifts (pros vs. cons)
    • As people transition through the stages, self-efficacy increases

    Social Ecological Models of Physical Activity

    • Social Ecological Models consider the individual as 1 piece within a larger system
    • These models focus on factors beyond the individual, as well as the individual's influence on their environment
    • Individual-level factors include the individual's thoughts and feelings about exercise

    Physical Activity Domains

    • Domains refer to areas of life where physical activity may take place
    • Example: work, home, transportation
    • Within any domain, interpersonal, physical environment, and policy factors can influence physical activity

    Interpersonal-Level Factors

    • These factors describe the characteristics of relationships and interactions between individuals and groups
    • Examples of interpersonal-level factors: social support, norms, group dynamics

    Physical Environment

    • Physical environment refers to characteristics of the built and natural environment that can influence physical activity
    • Examples include: proximity to parks and recreational facilities, safety, walkability

    Policy

    • Policies refer to the rules, regulations, and practices that influence physical activity
    • Examples: laws related to smoking, zoning ordinances, funding for parks and recreation facilities
    • Policies can directly and indirectly impact physical activity behaviors

    Theory/Model Disuse

    • Transtheoretical Model: Often referred to as the "Stages of Change" model, it classifies individuals' readiness to change behavior into distinct stages.
    • Stages:
      • Pre-contemplation: Individuals are unaware of the problem and have no intention of changing.
      • Contemplation: Individuals are aware of the problem and are considering changing their behavior.
      • Preparation: Individuals intend to take action within the next month.
      • Action: Individuals are actively engaging in the desired behavior.
      • Maintenance: Individuals are working to sustain the behavior change.

    Evidence Supporting Stage Transitions

    • Decisional Balance Shifts: Individuals experience changes in the perceived pros and cons of engaging in the behavior.
    • Increased Self-Efficacy: Individuals develop a greater belief in their ability to successfully change their behavior.

    Limitations of the Transtheoretical Model

    • Predictive Power: The model struggles to reliably predict which stage individuals will transition to and when.
    • Mechanism of Change: The model lacks a comprehensive explanation of how individuals move across the stages.
    • Disuse in Research: The model has largely fallen out of favor in exercise psychology research due to its limitations.

    Social Ecological Models of Physical Activity

    • Focus: They expand the scope beyond the individual to consider broader environmental factors.
    • Individual Versus Social Factors: While individuals bear some responsibility for health behavior, these models acknowledge that social and environmental factors greatly influence them.

    Components of the Social Ecological Model

    • Individual: An individual's beliefs, attitudes, and motivations toward physical activity.
    • Physical Activity Domains: Specific areas of life where physical activity can occur (e.g., work, leisure, transportation).
    • Interpersonal Factors: Interactions and relationships between individuals and social groups (e.g., friends, family, peers).
    • Physical Environment: Features of the built and natural environment that can facilitate or hinder physical activity (e.g., parks, sidewalks, weather).
    • Policy: Rules, regulations, and practices that influence physical activity opportunities and behaviors.

    Correlates and Determinants of Physical Activity

    • Correlates: Factors associated with physical activity behavior but do not directly cause it.
    • Determinants: Factors associated with physical activity behavior, but they directly influence it.

    Example

    • Owning exercise equipment: Correlate (association with physical activity)
    • Weather: Determinant (direct influence on outdoor physical activity)

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    Related Documents

    Week 3 AS: Theories & Models of Exercise Behaviour PDF

    Description

    Explore the Transtheoretical Model, also known as the Stages of Change model. This quiz covers the five stages of change and discusses the model's limitations and its ability to predict behavioral transitions. Test your understanding of the mechanisms influencing exercise behavior and self-efficacy.

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