OntarioTech University MLSC1010 Week 2 Mini-Lectures PDF

MLSC1010 – Week 2 Mini-Lecture 1 Lab Safety Part 2 Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) 2015  Canada wide hazard communication system Provides employers and workers information...

MLSC1010 – Week 2 Mini-Lecture 1 Lab Safety Part 2 Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) 2015  Canada wide hazard communication system Provides employers and workers information about hazardous products used in What is the workplace WHMIS Combined effort between industry, provincial and federal governments Created to inform workers of the hazardous materials they work with Every worker has a “right to know”  To respond to a workers “right to know” Inform about the Why was safety and health hazards associated with WHMIS the hazardous materials they created? might use at work Reduce injuries and illnesses associated with handling hazardous materials in the workplace 4 GHS GHS Global Harmonized System Move to standardize communication about hazardous products internationally GHS consists of: Physical Hazards Health Hazards Environmental Hazards (not adopted by Canada) WHMIS 2015 Canada’s response to Globally Harmonized System (GHS) GHS Hazardous Products Regulation Internationally recognized system Comprehensive classification criteria Hazard severity Harmonized international communication of chemical hazard information Creates consistencies in communication of chemical hazard information Goal of WHMIS 2015 The ultimate goal of WHMIS is to create a safer workplace by providing workers with the knowledge and tools to enable them to understand the hazards and to work safely.  3 main elements Labels: affixed to containers of hazardous materials and provides information regarding the hazards Safety Data Sheets (SDS): Components provide supplementary of WHMIS information to hazards outlined on the labels Education: training on how to use the information provided and how to safely handle hazardous products  WHMIS is a shared responsibility amongst: Suppliers WHMIS Employers Responsibilities Employees  1 2 3 4 Supplier Classifying Establishing Labelling Preparing and Responsibilities products health and safety products providing SDS’s information  Provide access to SDS’s Ensure proper labels and update Train workers on how to handle, use, store, wear Educate workers, and Employer evaluate competency PPE for hazardous products, assess Responsibility competency Provide control measures, adhere to Routine practices  1 2 3 Employee Participating in Following Identifying and Responsibilities education and training prescribed safe work procedures controlling hazards MLSC1010 – Week 2 Mini-Lecture 2  Hazardous products are materials, products, or substances that meet any of the criteria for What is a one or more of the 32 GHS Hazard Classes as defined in the Federal Hazardous Products Hazardous Regulation Hazard classes grouped into Physical Product? Hazards and Health Hazards Hazard classes contain categories, subcategories, or types WHMIS does not provide a comprehensive list of hazardous products, only a list of hazard criteria 14  WHMIS may not apply if another act or regulation is in place The following are exempt from the supplier responsibilities of WHMIS (no label or SDS required): Consumer restricted Exclusions products: products sold in stores that already have labels in from accordance with the Canada Consumer WHMIS Product Safety Act Explosives: covered by the Explosives Act Cosmetics, drug, food, or devices: covered by the Food and Drugs Act Pesticides, herbicides, and insecticides: covered by the Pest Control Products Act 15  Radioactive materials: covered by the Nuclear Safety and Control Act Exclusions Wood and wood products from Manufactured articles that will not release chemicals WHMIS Tobacco or tobacco products In-house generated hazardous waste continued Hazardous materials transported under the Transportation of Dangerous Goods act (TDG) Employer still responsible for for training employees on the safe use, handling, and storage of these materials 16 WHMIS and GHS labels and SDS’s are still required when there are mixtures of radioactive nuclide(s) and Radioactive non-radioactive carrier material whereby: Materials The carrier material is greater than 1 mL / 1 g The carrier material poses a carcinogenic, toxic, or infectious hazard 17 Health Hazards Group: based on a products ability to Health Hazard Classes result in a health related issue Acute toxicity Skin Serious eye corrosion/irritation damage/irritation Respiratory or Germ cell Carcinogenicity GHS skin sensitization mutagenicity Hazard Reproductive toxicity Specific target organ toxicity – single Specific target organ toxicity – Groups & exposure repeated exposure Classes Aspiration Biohazardous Health hazards hazard infectious materials not otherwise classified 18  Hazard Class(es) Description Acute toxicity Products that are fatal, toxic, or harmful if they come in contact with the skin, are inhaled, or swallowed Skin Products that can cause severe skin corrosion/irritation burns or irritations Health Serious eye Products that can cause severe eye damage/eye damage or irritations Hazard irritation Class Respiratory or skin Product that may cause asthma or Descriptions sensitization allergy like symptoms or difficulty breathing Germ cell Products that may cause or are mutagenicity suspected to cause genetic defects Carcinogenicity Products that may cause or are suspected to cause cancer 19  Hazard Class(es) Description Reproductive toxicity Products that may cause damage or are suspected to damage ones fertility or an unborn baby Specific target organ Products that can cause damage to toxicity – single organs following a single exposure exposure Specific target organ Products that can cause damage to Health toxicity – repeated exposure organs following prolonged or repeated exposures Hazard Aspiration hazard Products that are fatal if swallowed Class or inhaled Biohazardous Biohazardous materials Descriptions infectious materials (microorganisms, nucleic acids, Cont. proteins) that can cause infection, with or without toxicity, in humans and animals Health hazards not Products that may cause health otherwise classified hazards following single or repeated exposures, including risk of injury or death 20 GHS Hazard Groups & Classes Flammable Physical Hazard Classes Flammable Oxidizing gases aerosols gases Gases under Flammable liquids Flammable Physical Hazards Group: based on pressure solids physical and chemical properties of a Self-reactive Pyrophoric liquids Pyrophoric given product substances solids and mixtures Self-heating Substances in Oxidizing substances mixtures which, in liquids and mixtures contact with water, emit flammable gases Oxidizing Organic peroxides Corrosive to solids metals Combustible Simple asphyxiants Pyrophoric dusts gases Physical hazards not otherwise classified 21  Hazard Class(es) Description Flammable gases; Flammable Products can readily ignite, aerosols; Flammable liquids; creating hazard for fire or Flammable solids explosion Oxidizing gases; Oxidizing Oxidizers that can cause a fire liquids; Oxidizing solids or explosion or intensify a fire Gases under pressure Gases under high pressure in a cylinder or container that have Physical potential to explode and cryogenics that can cause Hazard severe burns Class Self-reactive substances and mixtures Products which may react to create a fire or explosion, or Descriptions upon heating cause a fire or explosion Pyrophoric liquids; Pyrophoric Products that ignite solids; Pyrophoric gases spontaneously in the presence of air Self-heating substances and Products that can ignite in the mixtures presence of air after a duration of time 22  Hazard Class(es) Description Substances and mixtures Products that react with water which, in contact with to release a flammable gas water, emit flammable gases Organic peroxides Upon heating, products that can cause a fire or explosion Physical Corrosive to metals Products that are corrosive to metals Hazard Combustible dust Finely divided particles that, if in Class air, can catch fire or explode upon ignition Descriptions Simple asphyxiants Gases that displace air, causing Cont. suffocation Physical hazards not Products that, based off of their otherwise classified physical and chemical properties, can result in serious injury or death of a person 23 MLSC1010 – Week 2 Mini-Lecture 3  Environmental Hazards Group: based on a products ability to be harmful to the environment GHS Hazard Group and classes NOT adopted in the Hazardous Groups & Products Regulations Classes Suppliers outside of Canada may still provide this information on: Labels SDSs 25  Classifying Hazards Both Physical & Health Hazards are The lower the category number, the subdivided into: higher the hazard Categories Categories are assigned a number (e.g. 1, 2, 3) Subcategories (e.g. 1A, 1B, 1C) Categories can also be referred to as types (e.g. A, B, C) High hazard Low hazard 1A 1B 1C Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 GHS Pictograms Pictogram Graphic image Fast hazard assessment Appear on Labels and SDSs Red square on one point Symbol Symbol in the middle Represent hazard classes (health or physical) and categories (1,2,3) Can represent multiple hazard classes/categories GHS Pictograms Corrosion Flame over circle Exclamation mark Gas cylinder Exploding bomb Health hazard Flame Skull & crossbones GHS Pictograms Unique to Canada Biohazardous infectious materials Not being implemented in Canada Environment May still appear on: Labels SDS 29 Corrosion Physical hazard classes: Corrosive to metals – Category 1 Health hazard classes: Skin corrosion/irritation Skin corrosion – Category 1, 1A, 1B, 1C Serious eye damage/eye irritation Serious eye damage – Category 1 30 Exclamation Mark Health hazard classes: Acute toxicity – Category 4 Skin corrosion/irritation Skin irritation – Category 2 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Eye irritation – Category 2 and 2A Respiratory or skin sensitization Skin sensitizer – Category 1, 1A, 1B Exploding Bomb Physical hazard classes Self-reactive substances and mixtures Types A and B Type B must always appear with flame pictogram Organic peroxides Types A and B Type B must always appear with flame pictogram 32 Flame Physical hazard classes Flammable gases – Category 1 Flammable aerosols – Category 1 and 2 Flammable liquids – Category 1, 2, and 3 Flammable solids – Category 1 and 2 Pyrophoric liquids – Category 1 Pyrophoric solids – Category 1 Pyrophoric gases – Category 1 Self-heating substances and mixtures – Category 1 and 2 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases – Category 1, 2, and 3 33 Flame Cont. Physical hazard classes Self-reactive substances and mixtures Types B, C, D, E, and F Type B must always appear with exploding bomb pictogram Organic peroxides Types B, C, D, E, and F Type B must always appear with exploding bomb pictogram 34 Flame Over Circle Physical hazard classes Oxidizing gases – Category 1 Oxidizing liquids – Category 1, 2, and 3 Oxidizing solids – Category 1, 2, and 3 35  Gas Cylinder Physical hazard classes Gases under pressure Compressed gas, liquefied gas, refrigerated liquefied gas, dissolved gas 36 Health Hazard Health hazard classes Respiratory or skin sensitization Respiratory sensitizer – Category 1, 1A, and 1B Germ cell mutagenicity – Category 1, 1A, 1B, and 2 Carcinogenicity – Category 1, 1A, 1B, and 2 Specific target organ toxicity Single exposure – Category 1 and 2 Repeated exposure – Category 1 and 2 Aspiration hazard – Category 1 37  Health hazard classes Acute toxicity Oral – Skull and Category 1, 2, and 3 Crossbones Dermal – Category 1, 2, and 3 Inhalation – Category 1, 2, and 3 38 Biohazardous Infectious Material Health hazard classes Biohazardous infectious material – Category 1 39 MLSC1010 – Week 2 Mini-Lecture 4 Hazards Not Otherwise Classified Physical hazards not otherwise classified Require a pictogram appropriate to the Health hazards not hazards associated with the hazardous product otherwise classified Multiple pictograms can be used to account for all hazards 41  Hazard Classes Without Pictograms Physical hazard classes Flammable gases – Category 2 Flammable liquids – Category 4 Self-reactive substances and mixtures – Type G Combustible dusts – Category 1 Health hazard classes Simple asphyxiants – Category 1 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Eye irritation – Category 2B Reproductive toxicity – Effects on or via lactation 42  Labels Labels are required on all hazardous products Suppliers and employers are both responsible for ensuring labels are affixed to hazardous products Two types of labels Supplier labels All hazardous products received from a supplier require a label Workplace labels Used by employers when supplier labels are not available, have been damaged, the material has been transferred to a different container, or a material has been produced and is being used at the workplace If a controlled product is transferred to a new container and consumed within one shift, a workplace label is not required 43 Supplier Labels Requirements Product identifier Initial supplier identifier Pictogram(s) Signal word Indicates level of hazard Two words: “Danger” or “Warning” Hazard statement Brief sentences that describe the exact hazard E.g. Extremely flammable gas; Fatal if inhaled 44 Supplier Labels Requirements continued Precautionary statement Advisory statements to prevent exposure to and improper handling/storage of hazardous products 5 types of precautionary statements General – E.g. Read label before use Prevention – E.g. Keep container tightly closed Response – E.g. If inhaled, get medical attention/advice Storage – E.g. Store away from other materials Disposal – E.g. Dispose of contents in accordance with regulatory requirements English and French 45 Supplier Labels 46 Product identifier English Pictogram(s) and French Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statements Initial supplier identifier Supplier Labels Updates are required when: New and significant data becomes available about the product, changing the products classification in a category or subcategory, or results in classification in an additional hazard class Updates are to be provided by: The supplier Within 180 days of the supplier being aware of the new and significant data 47 Small Container Labels Hazardous products packaged in containers less than 100 mL require the following on their label Product identifier Pictogram(s) Signal word Initial supplier identifier Available in English or French 48 Workplace Labels The following is required to appear on workplace labels Product name Must match the product name listed on the SDS Safe handling precautions May include pictograms and other supplier label information Reference to the SDS 49 Safety Data Sheets (SDS) All hazardous products must have a SDS Provide more detailed hazard information than labels Suppliers must provide a current SDS at the time of sale Suppliers must update the SDS when they become aware of any significant new data within 90 days Last date of update found at the end of SDS Employers are responsible for having an up-to-date SDS SDS must be accessible to all workers Store in a readily accessible area known to everyone May be computerized Referenced and understood before handling a hazardous product 50 MLSC1010 – Week 2 Mini-Lecture 5  Section Hazardous Products Regulations Heading 1 Identification 2 Hazard identification (including classification and label text) 3 Composition/information on ingredients 4 First-aid measures Fire-fighting measures Safety 5 6 Accidental release measures Data 7 8 Handling and storage Exposure controls/personal protection Sheets 9 Physical and chemical properties (SDS) 10 11 Stability and reactivity Toxicological information 12-15 Ecological, transport and regulatory information, disposal considerations 16 Other information 52  SDS Section Information 1. Identification 2. Hazard identification Product identifier Hazard classification Additional methods of identification Class, category, subcategory, type Recommended use Label information Usage restrictions Symbol, signal word, hazard statement(s), precautionary Canadian supplier identifier statement(s)) Other hazards not classified 53 SDS Section Information 3. Composition/information on ingredients For hazardous products that are a material or substance Chemical name, common name/synonyms, CAS number, other unique identifiers, chemical names of impurities, stabilizers, or additives For materials or substances in a mixture that are classified as a health hazard Chemical name, common name/synonyms, CAS number, other unique identifiers, concentration 4. First-aid measures Measures by exposure type Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, ingestion Vital symptoms and effects If medical attention or treatment is required 54  SDS Section Information 5. Fire-fighting measures 6. Accidental release measures Suitable and unsuitable extinguishing media Personal protective equipment, precautions, Hazards associated with the hazardous and emergency procedures product in fire conditions Containment method, including required Personal protective equipment and materials precautions for fire-fighters Prescribed clean-up 55  SDS Section Information 7. Handling and storage 8. Exposure controls/personal protection Information on safe handling Occupational exposure information for Prescribed storage methods chemical and biological exposures and appropriate control mechanisms Incompatible materials Engineering controls Personal protective equipment recommendations 56  Upper flammable/explosive limit Vapour pressure Vapour density Relative density Solubility 9. Physical Partition coefficient Auto-ignition temperature and Decomposition temperature Viscosity chemical Not all may be applicable Appearance (state of matter, color) properties Odour Odour threshold pH Melting/freezing point Initial boiling point/boiling point range Flash point Evaporation rate Flammability (solid, gas) Lower flammable/explosive limit  SDS Section Information 10. Stability and reactivity 11. Toxicological information Not all may be applicable Description of toxic health effects and Reactivity the data which verified these claims Stability Routes of exposure Possible hazardous reactions Symptoms related to the toxic health Undesirable conditions that can effects impact material (ie. Shock, light) Delayed, immediate, and chronic Incompatible materials effects from short- and long-term exposures Decomposition products Values/measurements of toxicity 58  SDS Section Information 12. Ecological information 13. Disposal considerations Information may not be on SDS Information may not be on SDS Ecotoxicity Safe handling for disposal Persistence and degradability Methods for disposal, including Bioaccumulation potential contaminated packaging Mobility in soil Other adverse effects 59  SDS Section Information 14. Transport 15. Regulatory 16. Other information information information Information may not Information may not Latest date the SDS be on SDS be on SDS was revised UN number Safety, health, and UN proper shipping environmental name regulations Transport hazard pertaining to the class(es) product Packing group Environmental hazards Transport in bulk Special precautions 60