CP Biology Test Review (Units 7-8) - Study Guide PDF

**CP Biology Test Review** Name: [ ] [Student Copy With Answers ] **Units 7 and 8** **Cell Reproduction & Genetics** *Unit 7 Cell Reproduction---Mitosis and Meiosis* 1. In order to fit within a cell DNA become more compacted by 2. A [protein disk] that attaches two chromatids to each othe...

**CP Biology Test Review** Name: [ ] [Student Copy With Answers ] **Units 7 and 8** **Cell Reproduction & Genetics** *Unit 7 Cell Reproduction---Mitosis and Meiosis* 1. In order to fit within a cell DNA become more compacted by 2. A [protein disk] that attaches two chromatids to each other in a chromosome is called a A. chloroplast B. centromere B C. gamete 3. Which of the following is [not] a true difference between the chromosomes of eukaryotes and those of prokaryotes? A. Eukaryotic chromosomes contain DNA, while prokaryotic chromosomes contain a A different form of genetic material B. Eukaryotic chromosomes are linear, while those of prokaryotic are circular C. Eukaryotic chromosomes are found free in the nucleus, while those of prokaryotes are attached to the cell membrane 4. The chromosomes in your body A. exist in 23 pairs B. include 2 sex chromosomes and 44 autosomes C C. Both A and B are correct 5. A student in one of Mr. Wetmore's biology classes decided to study a karyotype to learn about the A. number of chromosomes present in her body B. genes that are present in a particular strand of DNA A 6. A [diploid] cell is one that A. has 2 homologues of each chromosome C B. is designated by the symbol *2n* C. Both A and B are correct 7. Why do cell divide? A. Growth B. Healing and replacement C C. Growth, healing, and replacement 8. The division of the [cytoplasm] is called 9. The [diploid] number of chromosomes in a human skin cell is 46. How many chromosomes are in a human [egg] cell? A. 46 B. 23 B C. 92 10. How many chromosomes are in the body cells of an organism that has a haploid number of 8? A. 4 B. 8 C. 16 C 11. The stage of the [cell cycle] that occupies most of the cell's life is 12. Which of the following shows the [correct sequence] of the *cell cycle*? 13. The phase of mitosis that is characterized by the arrangement of 14. A spindle fiber is a specialized form of 15. A typical human cell contains 46 chromosomes. After mitosis and cytokinesis, each of the 2 new cells formed from the original cell *Examine the diagram below, and then answer numbers 16 -- 18.*  16. The cell in diagram 2 is in interphase. The cell in [diagram 1] is in which stage of mitosis? 17. The cell in diagram 2 is in interphase. Which diagram indicates the stage when mitosis [begins]? A. 1 18. The cell in diagram 2 is in interphase. The cell in [diagram 5] is in which stage of mitosis? *For numbers 19 and 20, examine the diagram below, and then answer the questions.* 19. Which of the following correctly indicates the [order] in which these events occur? 20. During which stage do the centromeres divide? 21. During [meiosis], in which division do the [homologues] separate? *For questions 22 and 23 refer to the diagram below, and then answer the questions.*  22. Which cell will be a [diploid] cell at the completion of division? 23. Which of these cells is in the process of dividing to form [gametes]? Cell 2 24. During meiosis, the [exchange] of DNA between the members of chromosomes C\) always produces genetic disorders \[[Note]: In the Book of Genesis, the Bible states that the Lord created "kinds" of organisms, such as the dog kind. Kinds can breed with one another and produce offspring. The *kind* is similar to what biologist describe as a "family" of organisms.\] *Unit 8 An Introduction to Genetics* 25. The "father" of modern [genetics] is 26. Mendel [prevented] self-pollination of his plants by 27. Mendel obtained his true breeding P generation (P = parent generation) by allowing plants to 28. What is the [probability] that the offspring of a homozygous dominant individual and a homozygous recessive individual will exhibit the dominant [phenotype]? 29. True breeding pea plants always 30. The first [filial] generation, F~1~, is the result of 31. Which of the following is the designation for Mendel's original [pure strains] of plants? 32. The passing of traits from parents to offspring is called 33. A genetic trait that appears in every generation of offspring is called 34. The phenotype of an organism 35. Mendel's findings that the inheritance of one trait had no effect on the inheritance of another became known as the 36. To describe how traits [disappear and reappear] in a certain pattern from generation to generation, Mendel proposed the 37. When Mendel crossed pea plants that differed in two characteristics, such as flower color and plant height 38. If an individual has two [recessive] alleles for the same trait, the individual is said to be 39. An individual heterozygous for a trait and an individual homozygous recessive for the trait are crossed and produce offspring. These offspring are likely to be 40. Tallness (T) is dominant over shortness (t) in pea plants. Which of the following represents the genotype of the pea plant that is heterozygous for tallness? *Refer to the diagram below for numbers 40 -- 43, and then answer the questions on the following page.*  41. The [phenotype] represented in *box* 1 is 42. The [genotype] represented in *box 2* is 43. The device shown, which is used to determine outcome of genetic crosses, is called a 44. An organism that has inherited two of the [same] alleles of a gene from its parents is called A. heredity 45. The difference between a monohybrid cross and a dihybrid cross is that A. dihybrid crosses require two Punnett squares and monohybrid crosses need only one B 46. A cross of two individuals for a single contrasting trait is called A. monohybrid cross B. dihybrid cross A 47. In humans having freckles (F) is dominant over not having freckles (f). Complete the Punnett square and then fill-in-the-blanks for the two statements below. a. The genotype of *box 1* will be [ ?] for freckles. homozygous b. The genotype in *box 3* is [?]. Ff **Go to the last page** 48. Consider the cross between two rabbits. In rabbits, black fur (B) is dominant over brown fur (b). Complete the Punnett square and then answer the three questions.  a. What is the phenotypes of the parents? Black b. What is the phenotype of *box 3*? Black c. What is phenotype of *box 4*? Brown **The short answer question on the test is below.** 49. What is the main goal of mitosis and meiosis? a. Mitosis To produce 2 cells that are: 1.) diploid in number (*2n*); 2.) genetically identical b. Meiosis To produce four cells that are: 1.) haploid in number (n); 2.) genetic variation