Unit-I.-HEALTH-EDUCATION-Concepts-Philosophy-and-Principles.pptx

HEALTH EDUCATION: Concepts, Aims,Philosophy and Principles Name Course What is Health Education? Concepts: Health - “a state of complete physical, mental, and social well being and not the mere absence of disease or infirmity.(WHO) Education - the process of facilitating learning, o...

HEALTH EDUCATION: Concepts, Aims,Philosophy and Principles Name Course What is Health Education? Concepts: Health - “a state of complete physical, mental, and social well being and not the mere absence of disease or infirmity.(WHO) Education - the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, morals, beliefs, and habits. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education) Meaning of Health Education: as a process:  A process whereby learning situations & experiences are created with & for the people so they may be influenced to change favorably their undesirable health knowledge, attitudes & practices for the improvement of personal, family and community health Other definitions:  It is a holistic process with the goal of changing a patient's behavior to benefit his/her health status.  It is more than imparting information, the HW also assist the patient to interpret, integrate, and apply the information.  It ends with the evaluation of the patient's learning, its usefulness & the degree to which he/she has integrated it into self-care practices Health Education: as a Service  Any combination of learning experiences designed to help individuals and communities improve their health, by increasing their knowledge or influencing their attitudes. (WHO) As a service:  A health or health related program designed to provide information and motivate clients/people into changing their knowledge, skills and attitudes for health promotion and risk reduction. Health Education VS. Patient Education  Patient Education usually refers to a series of planned teaching- learning activities designed for individuals, families or groups with an identified alteration in health process of influencing patient behavior & producing the changes in knowledge, attitudes & skills necessary to maintain or improve health.(American Academy of Family Physicians, 2000) Patient Education:  Its purposes are to aid the client in coping with the event, to prevent complications or deterioration of the client's condition, and, in cases of communicable diseases, to prevent transmission of the disease Example of patient education:  Instructing the mother how to prepare and administer ORESOL to a child with diarrhea,  Teaching the family of a patient diagnosed with PTB, measures to prevent transmission,  Conducting a group teaching session on Prevention and control of hypertension  AIMS OF HEALTH EDUCATION: ( Handouts, Ma. Ivy Tan)  To persuade people to adopt & sustain healthful life practices.  To use judiciously & wisely the health services available to them  To take their own decisions, both individually and collectively, to improve their health status and environment FACTORS AFFECTING HEALTH EDUCATION  The availability & accessibility of health services rendered by agencies which the individual has trust.  The economic feasibility of putting into practices the health measures being advocated. Factors Affecting Health Education  The acceptability of the proposed health practices in terms of their own customs & traditions that the individual, families & groups observe, the beliefs that they hold & the attitudes of their peers.  The kind of learning experience needed to enable them to understand the desired benefits to be derived from a new or modified health behavior.  PHILOSOPHY OF HEALTH EDUCATION 1. Can contribute to the achievement of our country's developed goals by producing a more conscious, self-reliant, responsive & responsible people in matters relating to the prevention of disease, preservation & promotion of health. 2. A healthy population can be more energetic, alert, productive & contributing members of the society.  PRINCIPLES OF HEALTH EDUCATION http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=20743  1. CREDIBILITY 1.It is the degree to which the message to be communicated is perceived as trustworthy by the receiver 2.Good health education must be consistent and compatible with scientific knowledge and also with the local culture, educational system and social goals  2. INTEREST 1. Health programme should be based on the “FELT NEEDS”, so that it becomes “people’s programme. 2. Felt needs are the real health needs of the people, that is needs the people feel about themselves 3. Health teaching should be related to the interests of the people  3. PARTICIPATION 1. A high degree of participation tends to create a sense of involvement, personal acceptance and decision –making 2. It provides maximum feedback 3. Health programmers are unlikely to succeed if community participation is not an integral part  PARTICIPATION 4. The Alma- Ata Declaration states “The people have a right and duty to participate individually and collectively in the planning and implementation of their health care”  4. MOTIVATION 1.In every person, there is a fundamental desire to learn. Awakening this desire is called motivation 2.Two types of motives i.primary motives-are driving forces initiating people into action ii.secondary motives –are created by outside forces or incentives  MOTIVATION 3. Need for incentives is a first step in learning to change. Incentives may be positive or negative. 4. Main aim of motivation is to change behavior 5. Motivation is contagious: one motivated person may spread motivation throughout a group  5. COMPREHENSION 1. Health educator must know the level of understanding, education and literacy of people to whom the teaching is directed 2.Always communicate in the language people understand.  COMPREHENSION 4. Teaching should be within the mental capacity of the audience  6. REINFORCEMENT 1. Repetition of message at intervals is necessary 2. If the message is repeated in different ways, people are more likely to remember it.  7. LEARNING BY DOING 1.The importance of learning by doing can be best illustrated by the Chinese proverb “if I hear, I forget; if I see, I remember; if I do, I know  8. KNOWN TO UNKNOWN We must proceed: “from the concrete to the abstract” “from the particular to the general” “from the simple to the more complicated” “from the easy to more difficult” “from the known to unknown”  KNOWN TO THE UNKOWN  Here health communicator uses the existing knowledge of the people as pegs on which to hang new knowledge  9. FEEDBACK 1. The health educator can modify the elements of the system (e.g., message, channels) in the light of feedback from his audience 2. For effective communication, feedback is of paramount importance  10.LEADERS Leaders are agents of change and they can be made use of in health education work. The attributes of a leader are: He understands the needs and demands of the community Provides proper guidance, takes the initiative, is receptive to the views and suggestions of the people; Identifies himself with the Attributes of a Leader: Selfless, honest, impartial, considerate and sincere; Easily accessible to the people; Able to control and compromise the various factors in the community; Possesses the requisite skill and knowledge of eliciting cooperation and achieving coordination of the various official and non-official organizations. THANK YOU