Chapter 20 Study Guide Answers PDF
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The document appears to be a study guide for a chapter on the Industrial Revolution in the United States, focusing on notable figures, industries like steel, oil, and railroads, and their impact on the nation. It outlines roles of key figures such as Andrew Carnegie, John D. Rockefeller, and Cornelius Vanderbilt. The guide also covers inventions, such as the transatlantic cable.
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Name \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Date due: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Chapter 20 Study Guide +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Person | Industry | Effect on...
Name \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Date due: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Chapter 20 Study Guide +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Person | Industry | Effect on United | | | | States | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | Andrew Carnegie | **Steel** | **Steel produced | | | | cheaply skyscrapers, | | | | bridges, better | | | | railways** | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Also: philanthropist- | | | | **someone whom gives | | | | their money to | | | | charity** | | | | | | | | Vertical integration- | | | | **controlling all of | | | | the steps in the | | | | process of making a | | | | product** | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | John D. Rockefeller | **Oil** | **He turned the oil | | | | industry into a | | | | monopoly, which was | | | | new to the U.S., | | | | driving out | | | | competition** | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | J.P. Morgan | **Banking** | What did banks do to | | | | help business after | | | | the Civil War? | | | | | | | | **Gave corporations | | | | large sums of money | | | | to start their | | | | businesses.** | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Cornelius Vanderbilt | **Railroads** | Also: *[What | | | | were]* | | | | railroad pools? | | | | | | | | **Railroad owners | | | | divide up business by | | | | region** | | | | | | | | How were small | | | | railroad companies | | | | forced out of | | | | business? | | | | | | | | **Larger railroad | | | | companies were able | | | | to offer big | | | | discounts to select | | | | businesses** | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Inventor | Invention(s) | Importance | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | Cyrus Field | **Transatlantic | **Europe and U.S. | | | Cable** | could communicate | | | | instantly** | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Alexander Graham Bell | **Telephone** | **Increased | | | | communication** | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Thomas Edison | **Light bulb, | **Made life easier** | | | electric power plant, | | | | motion picture | **Menlo Park | | | projector, countless | (research lab) -- | | | others** | able to produce an | | | | invention every 10 | | | | days** | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Gustavus Swift | **Refrigerated | **Meat and other food | | | railroad car** | would not spoil while | | | | being shipped** | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Christopher Sholes | **Typewriter** | **Sped up | | | | communication btw. | | | | businesses** | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | George Eastman | **Kodak Camera** | **Affordable- made | | | | picture taking | | | | easier** | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Henry Ford | **Moving Assembly | **Cars could be made | | | Line** | quickly and cheaply | | | | (mass production)** | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Orville and Wilbur | **Flying Machine | **Used by military; | | Wright | (Airplane)** | eventually made | | | | travel | | | | easier/quicker** | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ What invention helped trains from going off the tracks? (hint: has to do with the width of the tracks) **gauge** What were factory conditions like in the late 1800's? **low pay, long hours, dangerous working conditions, child labor** Why did labor organizations start? **For better pay and working conditions, protect children** Why was the Sherman Anti-Trust Act started? **To break up/stop monopolies and trusts** Was it successful? **Not at first, but eventually**
