UNIT 1 Organic Chemistry-I PDF

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - I UNIT 1 NOTES ORGANIC COMPOUNDS -" CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IUPAC NOMENCLATURE f RULES FOR IUPAC ISOMERISM IMPERFECT...

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - I UNIT 1 NOTES ORGANIC COMPOUNDS -" CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IUPAC NOMENCLATURE f RULES FOR IUPAC ISOMERISM IMPERFECT PHARMACY CONNECT WITH US ON : [~ @IMPERFECTPHARMACY e IMPERFECT PHARMACY  0R6tANIC CHEMISTRY [ Hvctroco.rbons ) : Those cavalen~ comp>vnq which contru'n Carbon ~ H~dro_gen are called Hydrocarbon'->. IOr~anic Compound~ J: H~drocarbon~ and ihehr de~lva.h'ves are co.II~ Or~am'c. compovnd!. Main Elements : C, H, O , N, X (H°'o~s) IO'>lanic Chemistry I: 5tuq~ of Or~anic Compoundg IS known ~ Or~an,·c Chemistry. Specio.l Prope-irh'es of Carbon lhe two rn9i01f propel5h~ of caroon due to which 'tr is na?ded to s\udy sepo.rcue\y are : Q) Tetra\lo.\enc~ ® Cotenahon CSelf.\.in~,ry~) Eleroents C H 0 N X L· D· 5 · C H O: N X: VolenC\/ y 1 2. 3 1 I 5~udore -C- H- -o: -N- -x: I \ I  I DE&REE OF (ARBON I ACC01fd1~ to -the number of ro.rooM , a aubon ,·s dfrec+lv a~c~ Lot\h , H ron be c\ossifted r'n~o ~ cok,901ies : CD Pm MOf\/ Carbon ( 1°) ® SecnndMf Carbon ( Q. 0 ) @ Ternan, Catbon C3°) ® Quo.krnan, Carbon ( 4°) (\'13 CHs CHs 013 I I \ I H -(-H H-C -H H-C -Of 3 Otr C-C H1 I I I I H ('13 0-t?> (H'5 PR\MARlf 5 ECONOARV TERTIARl( 0..UATERNAR'f  0RCnANIC (OMPOUNOS Compounds containin~ Hvruocaroon~ and theio d~~ah ves are N>own ~ 0 ~onic Com?1un~. example. : CH'1, c~H, (H~(OOH de. I (1Qssil1co.hon of O!!Joni'c (ornpound~ ORGtANIC (OMPOUHDS Ao,dic OPen Chal°n. ('ldi c / Closed Chat'n Saturated Unsaturated Homoc dtc He\-eroC\fcl ic i\romalfr~ Benzenoid Non - Benzeno ,'d  IACYCLIC / OPEN (HAI N (OHPOUMOS I In -lhese compounqs carbon oloms ore p1resenl ,·n the -form of open chru·n..In -\he.se Cbmpaunds , -the +~minal etmx)n atoms OI€ completely free -thev nre no~ \l'n~ed with each o\heo. IniHally , the~ were known ~ Alipho.lic Compcund~ beca.us e -thev were dem \Jed from either onimol or ve,qdable -fa.ts. Types of Acvct,c. Cornf\?und'.) Tnev Oft of ~WO ~~pes : (DStTru~h~ Cho.t'n Compound~ ® 8150.nchfd Cho.in CornpoundA IStrru}lht Chain CompcundJ!, I H~drororbon1.> is \·n the form of s\-r~ht chat'n. exaro(llt. : Oi?, - CH,. - CH5 ( n- ropane) IBranched Chain Comgouod1. I· Hvctrocoroon~ is in -the form of branched chruh. ( -CH~- CH~- Oi - CH~ -CH~ f I CH'5 o,~\ Wron;t Cx) R1Sth+ ( V-) , When more than 1 bmnch i's pre.sen+ then follow ' \owes! sum rule' or ' F,rs~ Poin~ Of Difference (H3 CH?. (i) I® @ u ® s l( @ ® (i) C\13- C-Cth - CH- CHs CHs-C- CH1- G-t - CHs CH?, Wron~ [ 2, Lt ,4] ® Nom,nq of Cbmptet - Subsffluents Wh11e noroin5l Of complex subsHhlen\-s , Gnve 1s~ no to d,'redf ~ altoc:hed Chrbon fmrn mruh choo'n , then -follow IvPAC for subsHtoenls (Nome wri\ten in Brocket-) (D @ @ S l 9 CH!- CH1 -0h- CH - Ot2 - CH,. - CH2 -CH2-CHs (\) I CH~ CH~ I I I ( 2) I CH! CH3 I I I (3) : Of?,: L_.J. ~ (.\, 2 ~imethy.1 Proptt.e.} Nonaoe Namt'n;t alwruy., done alphobeh'co.tly (I)@@®®@@ f ('43- CH- - CH1- CH - CH2 - CH-( Hs l I I I B~ CH2. (H~ I CH'3 2- Bromo - y-ett,_y.Q. - 6- rne\h?l.t Heptane @ NOm,n.9 of C'fdoolkones Wh,1t naming of cnroocychc compaund~ , we. houe modd -\he ?re~x ' C~clo' before -\he mot'n cho.i'n. /CH\ 01 l C\/c\opropcwe.1 CH2.---CH2. ® (Hs © ( 1 -mdn,!!.e.- O,clohexan~] ,,... If rto_q and ch01h both hwe Mme number of crubon~ then ror mruh chain Rio~ ) (hOJ'n _ _ __,, Ct12-CH2. -CH1 -CHe, [ 1 - but~.l - C~clobuw.ne 1 @ fllam1"9 oF Unsolunaled. H ~ (Alkele ~ Allopc) -- Se\ec+ lon;les+ (- C chain with MC1ximurn number of == / = bo ~ Numbe.m~ in such a WOlf tho.t =/ = borq ~ !owes~ loca nt = /= ) SubsHt-uents (H3 - C-C lh- CH-= CH'l. ( 4, 4-chmdhyl - pent-~ -efle] CH3 NormoJI~ bo-\h -= O!ld = bond ha.ue ~m e pm·o~ity , bu~ t'o roie. of ·h'e =- >= l C~1= CH - C~h- (:=C H I [ Pent- - 1- en - ½;tne 1 (D © @ ® ® While. namtn,Q If a, e, i , o, u, ~ rnrnes afl-er one Qnoffler -fhen previou~ one de.lefeq I (H:3 - CH!:: C-O h-C H == CH-(H'l -Oh. - Of~ I (D ® @- ® @ ® © ® @ Non - 5 en 1- =-/= ~ Subshtuent-s. I ALCOHOLS I rQlf funcHonal 5!roup r A1coho I' we use second ar~ suff, x 'o! ' ICH-® ~ - CH2 ~ OH [ 1:1-tJan + Oi ] o-r [ Eltionol ] (i) ® @ ® ® (0 J CH3- CH - CH2 - CH - CH~ [ -~ -me»J~.Q.- Pe+Oll- 2- o\] I I CH?> Ott CD ® @ I [ ~ -4- el ~p - "1 - ene - 1, 2, 3 mi oI J I CH =- c - CH-i I I I OH OH OH [- 2-Cl/dObo~.Q. - Ethan-1-oJ.]  I ALDEHYDE I For funch'onal _Qrou p alclehlf de , we u~.serondruy sufft·x