Unit 1 The Nature and Concept of Management Lesson 1-3 PDF

Unit 1 | The Nature and Concept of Management Lesson 1 | Definition and Functions of Management Organization and Management 11- Aequitas August 1, 2024 Objectives ▪ Discuss the meaning and functions of management ▪ Explain the various types of management theories ▪ Explain the roles and skills of a...

Unit 1 | The Nature and Concept of Management Lesson 1 | Definition and Functions of Management Organization and Management 11- Aequitas August 1, 2024 Objectives ▪ Discuss the meaning and functions of management ▪ Explain the various types of management theories ▪ Explain the roles and skills of a manager What is management? Go to menti.com. Enter code 4151 4689. Menti results Definitions of Management Management is “the art of getting things done through people.” — Mary Parker Follet (1868-1933), American social worker, management consultant, and philosopher Definitions of Management “To manage is to forecast and to plan, to organize, to command, to coordinate and to control.” — Henri Fayol (1841-1925), “Father of Principles of Management” Definitions of Management Management is “an art of knowing what to do, when to do [it], and see that it is done in the best and cheapest way.” — Frederick Taylor (1856-1915), Father of Scientific Management Definitions of Management ▪ Mary Parker Follet: Management is “the art of getting things done through people.” ▪ Henri Fayol: “To manage is to forecast and to plan, to organize, to command, to coordinate and to control.” ▪ Frederick Taylor: “an art of knowing what to do, when to do [it], and see that it is done in the best and cheapest way.”  Which of these Cite a personal What are non- definitions of experience in your negotiable management do organization, team, elements in your you resonate with business, parish, experience of the most? etc., that supports (effective) your answer. management? Let’s break out… ▪ Count off 1 to 5. ▪ In your groups, share: ▪ Which of these definitions of management do you resonate with the most? ▪ Cite a personal experience in your organization, team, business, parish, etc., that supports your answer. ▪ What are non-negotiable elements in your experience of (effective) management? ▪ A representative per group will present the outcomes of their discussion. Presentation Time! ▪ Which of these definitions of management do you resonate with the most? ▪ Cite a personal experience in your org, team, business, parish, etc., that supports your answer. ▪ What are non-negotiable elements in your experience of (effective) management? Reflect… What is common in all the presentations? Insight Management is a dynamic process involving planning, organizing, staffing, leading, and controlling to achieve organizational goals effectively. Unit 1 | The Nature and Concept of Management Lesson 2 | The Evolution of Management Theories Organization and Management 11- Aequitas August 2, 2024 Objectives ▪ Discuss the meaning and functions of management ▪ Explain the various types of management theories ▪ Explain the roles and skills of a manager Management Theories ▪ Management Science Theory ▪ Organizational Environment Theory ▪ Administrative Management Theory ▪ Behavioral Management Theory ▪ Scientific Management Theory Management Theories – make connections! Which management theory asserts that the organization is affected by social, technical, and economic factors outside its boundaries? a. Management Science Theory b. Organizational Environment Theory c. Administrative Management Theory d. Behavioral Management Theory e. Scientific Management Theory Management Theories – make connections! Which management theory is the use of scientific method to determine the “one best way” for a job to be done? a. Management Science Theory b. Organizational Environment Theory c. Administrative Management Theory d. Behavioral Management Theory e. Scientific Management Theory Frederick Taylor Management Theories – make connections! Which management theory focuses on the human aspect of the work – the conduct, demeanor, or action of people at work? a. Management Science Theory b. Organizational Environment Theory c. Administrative Management Theory d. Behavioral Management Theory e. Scientific Management Theory Management Theories – make connections! Which management theory concentrates on the manager’s functions and what makes up good management practice or implementation? a. Management Science Theory b. Organizational Environment Theory c. Administrative Management Theory d. Behavioral Management Theory e. Scientific Management Theory Henri Fayol Management Theories – make connections! Which management theory is known as the quantitative approach to management, including applications of statistics, optimization models, and computer simulations? a. Management Science Theory b. Organizational Environment Theory c. Administrative Management Theory d. Behavioral Management Theory e. Scientific Management Theory Now… Order the five management theories from first to last according to development: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Reflect… Why did management theories evolve? Insight The evolution of management theories reflects changing business environments and societal needs, influencing modern management practices and leadership styles. Unit 1 | The Nature and Concept of Management Lesson 2 | The Evolution of Management Theories (cont’d) Organization and Management 11- Aequitas August 5, 2024 Objectives ▪ Discuss the meaning and functions of management ▪ Explain the various types of management theories ▪ Explain the roles and skills of a manager Let’s review… Recall and name the different management theories we’ve discussed… Management Theories ▪ Management Science Theory ▪ Organizational Environment Theory ▪ Administrative Management Theory ▪ Behavioral Management Theory ▪ Scientific Management Theory 1. Scientific Management Theory Guide 1. How did Frederick Taylor's scientific management approach change the way work was performed in factories? Questions 2. What is the concept of division of labor that Taylor introduced, and how did it differ from previous work methods? 3. According to Taylor, what role did managers and employees have in his hierarchical model of organization? 4. Describe the shovel experiment Taylor conducted and explain what he discovered through this experiment. 5. What were some of the positive and negative outcomes of Taylor's scientific management practices as discussed in the video? Frederick Taylor 1. Scientific Management Theory 1. How did Frederick Frederick Taylor's scientific Taylor's scientific management approach changed management approach the way work was performed in factories by making work more change the way work was standardized, efficient, and performed in factories? productive. He studied tasks closely and systematically to speed up work and applied science to work processes, breaking tasks down into smaller, simpler steps. 1. Scientific Management Theory The concept of division of labor 2. What is the concept of introduced by Taylor involved division of labor that Taylor dividing the work process into introduced, and how did it very small, simple, and separate steps. Instead of one person differ from previous work doing a whole project from start methods? to finish, each worker would perform only one or two steps, and the next person would continue from there. 1. Scientific Management Theory 3. According to Taylor, In Taylor's hierarchical model, what role did managers managers were responsible for and employees have in his designing the work process and enforcing how work was hierarchical model of performed, while employees organization? were expected to follow directions and simply carry out tasks. Managers were the thinkers, and employees were the doers. 1. Scientific Management Theory In the shovel experiment, Taylor 4. Describe the shovel gave workers shovels with varying experiment Taylor amounts of sand or coal and measured how quickly they moved conducted and explain their piles. He adjusted the shovels what he discovered each night to find the ideal weight through this experiment. that maximized productivity. He discovered that a shovel holding 21.5 pounds of material was the most efficient, as it allowed workers to move their piles faster with fewer motions. 1. Scientific Management Theory 5. What were some of the Negative outcomes: failure by positive and negative many companies to pay outcomes of Taylor's employees more, a philosophy of scientific management managers thinking and employees practices as discussed in doing, a disconnection of workers the video? from the greater meaning of their The positive outcomes: a work, deskilling of employees, a significant boost in productivity, harsh and unfeeling atmosphere, with more work accomplished by employee burnout, and the fewer people, leading to higher dehumanization of workers being profits and more consistent, treated like machines. higher-quality products.  Let’s reflect… What is the value of scientific How can I apply it in my management to me? personal activities? Unit 1 | The Nature and Concept of Management Lesson 2 | The Evolution of Management Theories (cont’d) Organization and Management 11- Aequitas August 8, 2024  Guide questions: 1. What was the context at the time that prompted Fayol to develop a systematic approach to train managers and publish a book? 2. 2. List the six general activities of industry Administrative according to Fayol and briefly describe each one. Management 3. How did Fayol view the distribution of Theory managerial knowledge and activities at different levels of the organizational hierarchy? (workman, head of shop, manager) 4. What are the five main areas of management activities Fayol identified, and what does each area involve? 5. In your own words, explain any three of Fayol’s 14 principles of management? Henri Fayol 2. Administrative Management Theory What was the context at 1. Fayol, a French engineer, the time that prompted observed a need for a Fayol to develop a systematic approach to train managers during the tail end of systematic approach to the Industrial Revolution. He train managers and saw large organizations publish a book? requiring managers with high levels of managerial competence and wrote his book to start a general discussion on management theory. 2. Administrative Management Theory 2. List the six general 1. Technical: Production and manufacturing concerns. activities of industry 2. Commercial: Buying, selling, and according to Fayol and exchanging goods and services. briefly describe each one. 3. Financial: Searching for and using capital or money optimally. 4. Security: Protection of property and people. 5. Accounting: Keeping track of balance sheets, costs, and financial records. 6. Managerial: Planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling. 2. Administrative Management Theory Fayol viewed the distribution of 3. How did Fayol view the managerial knowledge and activities distribution of managerial as varying at different organizational knowledge and activities at levels. different levels of the At the bottom, workers needed more technical knowledge and less managerial knowledge. organizational hierarchy? Middle-level managers needed a balance of (workman, head of shop, managerial and technical knowledge, along with some financial, security, and accounting manager) knowledge. At the top, managers (CEOs or presidents) required extensive managerial knowledge and competence, with less emphasis on technical, commercial, financial, security, and accounting knowledge proportionally. 2. Administrative Management Theory Planning: Looking ahead and charting 4. What are the five main areas a course for the organization. of management activities Organizing: Selecting and arranging Fayol identified, and what people in the best way possible. does each area entail? Command: Overseeing activities and leading with a big-picture perspective. Coordination: Harmonizing and facilitating work between different departments. Control: Ensuring compliance with accounting, finance, technical, and quality control standards. 2. Administrative Management Theory Division of Work: Task Name and explain any three of specialization to increase Fayol’s 14 principles of productivity, where each person management. focuses on a small task and becomes proficient in it. Authority and Responsibility: Managers have the right to give orders and ensure obedience. Discipline: Enforcing obedience, application, and energy from employees through warnings, fines, and suspensions. Let’s reflect… How are the scientific management and administrative management theories connected? Unit 1 | The Nature and Concept of Management Lesson 2 | The Evolution of Management Theories (cont’d) Organization and Management 11- Aequitas August 8, 2024 3. Behavioral Management Theory 1. What outcomes can result when companies ignore employees' personal development and focus only on production and profit? 2. What does the human relations movement in organizational behavior focus on? What did companies realize in the early 1900s about monetary incentives? 3. What did Elton Mayo realize regarding worker output and satisfaction? 4. Explain the 1927 Hawthorne experiment. What was its key finding? 5. What are the three key elements that Messy Chocolates decided to adopt from the human relations theory? Explain each one briefly. Kindly go to your groups… 3. Behavioral Management Theory 1. What outcomes can Ignoring employees' personal result when companies development can lead to ignore employees' negative attitudes, high turnover, high absenteeism, personal development and and poor job commitment. focus only on production and profit? 3. Behavioral Management Theory The human relations movement 2. What does the human focuses on the person as an relations movement in individual and analyzes what organizational behavior motivates and cultivates their achievement in a work setting. focus on? What did Companies realized that a companies realize in the monetary incentive was not early 1900s about the only factor to increasing monetary incentives? production. Employee attitudes toward work are needed for a successful company. 3. Behavioral Management Theory 3. What did Elton Mayo Elton Mayo, an organizational realize regarding worker psychologist, and father of the output and satisfaction? human relations movement, realized that worker output and satisfaction were linked to social factors, such as how employees were treated on the job. 3. Behavioral Management Theory The Hawthorne experiment 4. Explain the 1927 proved the relationship Hawthorne experiment. between worker psychology What was its key finding? and output. It tested the effect of additional lighting on Worker productivity increased factory output. The effect was because the workers knew greater production. When they were being observed, a lighting was reduced, phenomenon known as the surprisingly, production Hawthorne effect. This made them feel important and increased even more. resulted in better output.  3. Behavioral Management Theory 5. What are the three key Excellent Upward Communication allows employees to offer feedback elements that Messy and communicate with upper Chocolates decided to management, making them feel an adopt from the human important part in the company’s decision-making process. relations theory? Explain Superior Leadership focuses on each one briefly. providing good leadership through Key Work Groups and Teams involves excellent communication and placing workers together in teams, decision-making. Employees feel where the overall socialization of motivated by having leaders who individuals provides motivation and can offer mentorship and direction. increases productivity. Unit 1 | The Nature and Concept of Management Lesson 2 | The Evolution of Management Theories (cont’d) Organization and Management 11- Aequitas August 9, 2024 Reflect… Why do you think management theories evolved? Insight The evolution of management theories reflects changing business environments and emerging human needs, influencing modern management practices and leadership styles. Unit 1 | The Nature and Concept of Management Lesson 3 | The Manager Organization and Management 11- Aequitas August 9, 2024 Gallery Walk Set 1 Group 1 Functions of Management Definitions of Management “To manage is to forecast and to plan, to organize, to command, to coordinate and to control.” — Henri Fayol (1841-1925), “Father of Principles of Management” Functions of Management establishing organizational goals and creating a course of Planning action to achieve them structuring the business organization such that employees Organizing are grouped together to perform jobs or tasks motivating employees and influencing their behavior to Leading achieve organizational objectives evaluating the execution of the plan and making adjustments Controlling to ensure that the organizational goal is achieved Set 2 Group 2 Levels of Management Set 3 Groups 3 & 4 Management Roles Set 4 Group 5 Management Skills  Management Skills Conceptual skills Interpersonal skills Technical skills refer to the manager’s ability to refer to the manager’s capacity to refer to specific competencies that analyze a particular situation, motivate, lead, and control, a manager should have in relation identify new opportunities and communicate, coordinate, and to the type of task assigned to him resources, and decide on the best relate with his or her employees or her. strategies and courses of action