Digital Ecosystem 2022-2023 Course Program PDF

Digital Ecosystem Profesor: Kennet Malmcrona Digital Ecosystem 2022-2023 [email protected]  Digital Ecosystem / Environment Course Program 00. Subject Introdu...

Digital Ecosystem Profesor: Kennet Malmcrona Digital Ecosystem 2022-2023 [email protected]  Digital Ecosystem / Environment Course Program 00. Subject Introduction. Week 1 01.Digital Ecosystem Fundamentals. Weeks 1, 2,3 02. Evolution of the Digital Sector. Weeks 4 5 & 6 03. E-commerce. Week 6 & 7 Health check Week 8 04. Communication In the Digital Ecosystem. Weeks 9 & 10 05. Personal Brand – Rock your profile Week 11 06. Cybersecurity. Weeks 12 & 13 07. New Economies, New Opportunities. Weeks 14 & 15 Health check Week 15 Digital Ecosystem 2022-2023 [email protected]  Digital Ecosystem / Environment Course Program 00. Subject Introduction. Week 1 01.Digital Ecosystem Fundamentals. Weeks 1, 2,3 02. Evolution of the Digital Sector. Weeks 4 5 & 6 03. E-commerce. Week 6 & 7 Health check Week 8 04. Communication In the Digital Ecosystem. Weeks 9 & 10 05. Personal Brand – Digital Identity. Week 11 06. Cybersecurity. Weeks 12 & 13 07. New Economies, New Opportunities. Weeks 14 & 15 Health check Week 15 Digital Ecosystem 2022-2023 [email protected]  MAN KIND EVOLUTION Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 4 [email protected] https://www.visualcapitalist.com/the-50-most-visited-websites-in-the-world/ Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected]  Before we talk About DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM / ENVIRONMENT What is the history of computers? Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 6 [email protected]  BRIEF STORY OF COMPUTERS E.N.I.A.C. The first "computer". Created in 1945. "Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer", developed by the United States for military purposes (ballistics laboratory) Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 7  BRIEF STORY OF COMPUTERS E.N.I.A.C. (Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer) Features: Big size. Operation by "vacuum valves" ✓ENIAC 32 tons and measured 2.40 meters wide by 30 long. It was composed of 17,460 valves, 7,200 glass diodes, 1,500 relays, 70,000 resistors, 10,000 capacitors and 5 million welding, producing such heat that the temperature of the room in which it was reached the 50 º C. It had the capacity to solve in a second 5,000 sums and 360 multiplications. ENIAC was designed and primarily used to calculate artillery firing tables Calculated a trajectory in 30 seconds that took a human 20 hours (allowing one ENIAC hour to displace 2400 human hours). Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 8  BRIEF STORY OF COMPUTERS U.N.I.V.A.C. First "commercial" computer, not intended for military use Year 1951 “UNIVersal Automatic Computer” UNIVAC was composed of 5,200 valves, had a process speed of 2.25 megahertz and a memory of 1,000 words of 12 characters. Its weight exceeded 13 tons. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 9  How did they manage to reduce the size of computers? Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 10 [email protected]  BRIEF STORY OF COMPUTERS THE TRANSISTOR The transistor replaced the vacuum tubes with their performance: Tiny size Lower cost Less power consumption = > less heat Longer life span The first fully built transistor-based computers were introduced by NCR companies (NCR 304, In 1957) and RCA (RCA 501, In 1958). The first IBM model using transistors was the IBM 7090, created at the end of 1958. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 11  BRIEF STORY OF COMPUTERS Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 12  BRIEF STORY OF COMPUTERS The integrated circuit 1964, the IBM S/360 is presented, built with a small-scale integrated circuit. Features: Numerical analysis as file management and processing and had nine-channel magnetic tape drives, magnetic disk bundles and other features that are now standard Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 13  BRIEF STORY OF COMPUTERS Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 14  BRIEF STORY OF COMPUTERS THE MICROPROCESSOR The INTEL 4004 was the first CHIP-based microprocessor in the market in 1971. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 15  Technological advancement makes computers increasingly smaller, more powerful and more affordable... where is the limit? Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 16 [email protected]  BRIEF STORY OF COMPUTERS In 1976, Steve Wozniak (then engineer at Hewlett-Packard) and Steve Jobs (who worked at Atari) manufactured the Apple microcomputer Steven Jobs convinced Wozniak to continue manufacturing for sale to the public and, thus, in April 1976 was born the company Apple Computers. The Apple I was built manually, and it did not become sold massively, but with the development from 1977 of the Apple II, the company of Wozniak and Jobs came to have a high market share, only surpassed by IBM. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 17  BRIEF STORY OF COMPUTERS Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 18  BRIEF STORY OF COMPUTERS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oe7nubolhU0 Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 19  BY WHOM AND WHY INTERNET WAS CREATED Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 20 [email protected]  HISTORY OF THE INTERNET Internet was born in the 60’s due to a Military need: Keep connections alive just in case a nuclear attack. Scientific need: Share knowledge in a more effective way among scientists. Then, created an incredible impact in the civil world. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 21  HISTORY OF THE INTERNET After World War II, two "eras" were lived that served as a breeding ground for the development of the need for the Internet. The United States had "won" World War, and should continue to maintain its hegemony, so it could not afford to be in a second place. Moreover, the closeness of the war made the aspiration of a time of peace gain prominence in the minds of all. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 22  HISTORY OF THE INTERNET Nuclear race: The atomic bomb, developed by the United States put an end to the Second World War, but it was the beginning of a race, sometimes runaway, by the nuclear armament. Russia (and the communist Block) quickly developed atomic technology, and the panic of a possible nuclear attack seized the "Western" world "A possible large-scale nuclear attack on the territory of the United States should not interfere with our communications systems, as they are vital to the coordination of armies... but... how to have a communications system that is not centralized and So be vulnerable to these attacks... " Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 23  HISTORY OF THE INTERNET Space race: During the Second World War there had been a breakthrough in technology, which now, in peacetime, focused on the "lunar race.“ The United States and the URRS (former Russia) competed to be "the first" to get relevant milestones in this race. For a few years, the URRS got the first milestones... Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 24  HISTORY OF THE INTERNET Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 25  HISTORY OF THE INTERNET On October 4, 1957, the URRS launched SPUTNIK ("satellite" in Russian)... first artificial satellite of the history of mankind Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 26  HISTORY OF THE INTERNET On November 3, 1957, the URRS launched SPUTNIK II with the "Perrita LAIKA" inside, thus getting the first living being, orbiting around the Earth. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 27  HISTORY OF THE INTERNET Space race: "The United States could not remain in the tail of technological advancement, apart from leading the lunar race, should lead all the technological advances of the remainder of the twentieth century" Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 28  HISTORY OF THE INTERNET On July 21, 1969, Neil Armstrong becomes the first human being to step on the moon. The mission, Apollo 11. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 29  INTERNET and its origin in the military world Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 30 [email protected]  HISTORY OF THE INTERNET A.R.P.A. Advanced Research Project Agency The Advanced Research Projects Agency was created just after the launch of the SPUTNIK, in 1957, under the command of Eisenhower. ARPA was created to make sure that the USA did not stay behind in the development of technology. As first order, create a decentralized communications system, for use in a possible nuclear attack Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 31  HISTORY OF THE INTERNET ARPANET In 1966, sharp scientists develop an expanded network among multiple nodes based on a "packet-switching" study The project was called ARPANET, and it was the beginning of the INTERNET. On October 29, 1969, the first Test of connection of ARPANET, between UCLA and the research Institute of Stanford is carried out Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected]  HISTORY OF THE INTERNET DARPA and Rand Corporation The U.S. Defense Research develop a way to send and receive Proyecots Agency (DARPA) is Information based in switched packets. created. Defense Advance Reserach The protocol was called the NCP Project Agency (Network Control protocol) The information was divided into packages containing the origin and destination addresses, sequence number and some information. Packets arriving at DARPA promotes a study on destination were sorted according to sequence number "Computer Cooperative networks and gathered to give rise to the information. It's harder of Timeshare “ to lose data. If a particular package did not reach the destination, or was defective, the receiving computer only had to ask the issuing computer and package that was missing Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 33  HISTORY OF THE INTERNET The parents of the invention….. Leonard Kleinrock Pioneer in talking to his theory of packet switching in his article "information flow in broad networks of communication" (July, 1961) Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 34  HISTORY OF THE INTERNET The parents of the invention….. J.C.R. Licklider (psychologist and Informatic) In 1962 he joined DARPA. He believed that computers could be used to increase human thinking and suggested that a network of computers be created to allow ARPA researchers to communicate information with others efficiently Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 35  HISTORY OF THE INTERNET The parents of the invention….. Vinton Cerf Research lead by Vinton Cerf first from California University (1967-1972) and then from Stanford University (1972-1976), drive to the design of TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol), Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 36  HISTORY OF THE INTERNET The parents of the invention….. RAY TOMLINSON After getting his Master in Electrical engineering in Massachusetts Institute Tecnology (MIT) he joined BBN (Bolt, Beranek and Newman), to work with computer Network ARPANET(Advanced Research Projects Agency Network). They Developed program called SNDMSG to send messages between the different terminals of the same computer (at that time computers used to work with a keyboard and an screen connected to a central server. In September 1971 Tomlinson adapted SNDMSG in a way that was able to send messages in a broader network (e-mail was born) He decided to use @ to separate user name and server.​The first e-mail address ever was tomlinson@bbn-tenexa. The idea was to use a symbol that was in all keyborads but was not part of any name of a company, person or server. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 37  HISTORY OF THE INTERNET The parents of the invention….. Wesley Clark Suggested the idea of IMP (interface Message Processor) provides a separate network interface to ARPANET that could be used by any computer system. Thus bring the architecture of the Internet network from the beginning. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 38  HISTORY OF THE INTERNET IMP was one of the key components of ARPANET, (specialized computers that would end up transforming later on in what is so-called routers) At the end of 1969 there are 4 computers interconnectethrough their IMP's. The number increases the following years Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 39  HISTORY OF THE INTERNET ON the 70 are created the theoretical bases of the Internet 1. Decentralized Network 2. Packet switching Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 40  That begins to develop in the scientific world Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 41 [email protected]  HISTORY OF THE INTERNET The scientists working on the projects sought to create a network to share resources among researchers At this time, researchers at MIT feel the technological access that facilitated in later years the creation of the Internet Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 42  HISTORY OF THE INTERNET Hypertext System that allows to "link" documents and data, from different sources by means of associative links Also known as hyperlinks. REFLECTION: How has the way of reading and consuming information with hypertext changed? Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 43  And that was standardized to be used all over the world Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 44 [email protected]  HISTORY OF THE INTERNET The parents of the invention….. Tim Berners-Lee On February 26, 1991, with the creation of the WWW, the British scientist realized his dream of creating a better and easier way to communicate on a global scale The project combined the techniques of data recovery and hypertext, to make an easy, but powerful global information system Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 45  What does www mean? What was the target? Look for what these three words mean Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 46 [email protected]  HISTORY OF THE INTERNET https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h8K49dD52WA Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 47  CONCEPTUAL FUNDAMENTALS Internet is a network… 1. DECENTRALIZED 6. EXPONENTIAL 2. COLLABORATIVE 5. EFFICIENT 4. NEUTRAL 3. HYPERCONNECTED Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 48  1. DECENTRALIZED Both in its conception, of a military nature, as well as its technological development (servers interconnected in the form of a network, packet switching...), the Internet is born "decentralized". This decentralization tends to be transmitted to the entire ecosystem that it generates. Therefore, companies that work on the Internet tend to "decentralize" the processes, making them essentially more participatory and democratic. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 49  1. DECENTRALIZED Centralized Decentralized Distributed Source: https://futurizable.com/descentralizacion Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 50  1. DECENTRALIZED Centralized Network Centralized Network A type of network where all users connect to a central server, which is the acting agent for all communications. This server would store both the communications and the user account information. Most public instant messaging platforms use a centralized network. Also called centralized server-structure. To what companies can we refer? Source: https://futurizable.com/descentralizacion Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 51  1. DECENTRALIZED Centralized Network The threats of a Centralized network could materialize in the dependence on large data centers and the concentration of power in few and large companies. To what companies can we refer? Source: https://futurizable.com/descentralizacion Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 52  1. DECENTRALIZED Centralized Network https://www.cbsnews.com/news/amazon-web-services-cloud-outage-internet-crashes/ Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 53  1. DECENTRALIZED Centralized Network The Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) team was debugging an issue causing the S3 billing system to progress more slowly than expected. At 9:37AM PST, an authorized S3 team member using an established playbook executed a command which was intended to remove a small number of servers for one of the S3 subsystems that is used by the S3 billing process. Unfortunately, one of the inputs to the command was entered incorrectly and a larger set of servers was removed than intended. The servers that were inadvertently removed supported two other S3 subsystems. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 54  1. DECENTRALIZED Decentralized Network The solution is the decentralization through P2P (peer to peer) systems: "Those in which the network of computers that compose it can act both as clients and servers." All the nodes that make up the network are the same and none of them are essential. Source: https://futurizable.com/descentralizacion Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 55  1. DECENTRALIZED Decentralized Network As a result of a Decentralized Internet, the generation of Horizontal Companies or Networked Companies is achieved, which could be defined as: "Decentralized organizations, generated from the web-based interconnection of structures of an economic, social, cultural or political nature, which make it possible to dilute the traditional nodes of power and decision-making." Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 56  1. DECENTRALIZED Decentralized Network P2P networks have many advantages, including: - Scalability - Robustness - Decentralization - Anonymity - Resource sharing - Security Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 57  1. DECENTRALIZED Decentralized Network Scalability: A P2P network is easy to access only requires an application that implements this form of operation, being desirable as much as possible nodes because in this way the network is endowed with a greater number of files to be shared as well as D E space and transfer rate. Robustness: As each of the nodes connected to the network can act at the same time as a server, if a node is affected by problems and is out of the network does not prevent the operation of the other nodes, as well as allowing the distribution of the files for a MA In case of the failure of one of the nodes. Decentralization — a classic network that depends on a central server is useful when controlling what is shared as well as customer access. On the other hand, P2P networks offer greater freedom by not being based on a single server which avoids the inefficiencies of a centralized network that can present bottlenecks due to the large number of requirements that must be processed at the same time. Anonymity: Since there is no access to a server that controls the identity of those who access is expected that a network with P2P features allow the anonymity of who shares and who receives the files that are passed through the network. Resource sharing: Each client that connects to the network shares both its files and bandwidth, allowing file transfer to be optimized. Security: It is hoped that it can be provided with mechanisms such as encryption to protect the files or information that is shared by this type of network. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 58  1. DECENTRALIZED Decentralized Network P2P networks have many advantages, including: - Scalability - Robustness - Decentralization - Anonymity - Resource sharing - Security Do you know any example? Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 59  1. DECENTRALIZED Decentralized Network P2P networks have many advantages, including: - Scalability - Robustness - Decentralization - Anonymity - Resource sharing - Security Note: This was at the begining. When Skype was acquired by Microsoft, became centralized Source: https://tecnologia-facil.com/que-es/que-es-p2p/ Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 60  1. DECENTRALIZED Decentralized Network Source: https://futurizable.com/descentralizacion Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 61  1. DECENTRALIZED Decentralized Network https://www.digitaldoughnut.com/articles/2020/september-2020/the-future-of-social-media-applications?utm_campaign=2778964_Newsletter%20- %20Thursday%2024%2F09%2F2020&utm_medium=email&dm_i=2IQP,1NK9G,A0LFOI,5M0YB,1 Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected]  1. DECENTRALIZED Decentralized Network 35+ Ejemplos de Web 3.0 y como Blockchain está cambiando la Web Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected]  1. DECENTRALIZED Distributed Network Distributed networking, used in distributed computing, is the network system over which computer programming, software, and its data are spread out across more than one computer, but communicate complex messages through their nodes (computers), and are dependent upon each other. The goal of a distributed network is to share resources, Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 64  1. DECENTRALIZED Distributed Network https://data-flair.training/blogs/blockchain-tutorial/ Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 65  1. DECENTRALIZED Distributed Network Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 66  1. DECENTRALIZED Distributed Network Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 67  BITCOIN HISTORICAL PRICES Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 68  2. COLLABORATIVE Both in its scientific conception, as for its technological development (open communication protocols, hyperlinks...), the internet is "collaborative". This collaborative spirit tends to be transmitted to the entire ecosystem that it generates. For this reason, companies that work on the Internet tend to generate essentially more participatory and democratic processes. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 69  2. COLLABORATIVE A decentralized and collaborative network such as the Internet allows the generation of "mass intelligence" phenomena which make us ask the following question: What is better: few very intelligent or many unintelligent? Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 70  2. COLLABORATIVE A decentralized and collaborative network such as the Internet allows the generation of "mass intelligence" phenomena which make us ask the following question: What is better: few very intelligent or many unintelligent? The answer to this question is the "wisdom of crowds" phenomenon And its most characteristic example? Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 71  2. COLLABORATIVE 2021: 1 582 953 CONTENT PAGES Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 72  2. COLLABORATIVE Wikipedia was born on January 15, 2001 as a multilingual online encyclopaedia, devised by Jimmy Wales (its founder). Initially, the project originated as a private, profit-making initiative; It was called at that time: Nupedia. However, during its development, the project was left if money, which motivated Wales to make it public and, two years after having created Nupedia, was launched Wikipedia. It is currently funded with donations. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 73  2. COLLABORATIVE Wikimedia's servers serve about 10 billion pages per month, and about 4000 per second... more than 126,000 people worldwide have made at least 10 Wikipedia editions in Spanish?... the user who has made the most editions (in Spanish) is the user Elías, with 407,031 editions?... the user who has made the most created items is the user JuanCamacho, with more than 51,000 items?... the bot that has made the most editions (in Spanish) is InternetArchiveBot, with 1,546,386 editions?... the user who has made the most created pages is the MILEPRI user, with 183,181 pages.... the user who has made the most Logs is the Ontzak user, with more than 190,000 Logs.... 29% (7,267,888) of all editions are made by anonymous users?... the user who has made the most edits in a year (in Spanish) is the user Elías, with 183,715 editions in 2020.... the user who has made the most created items in a year (in Spanish) is the user JuanCamacho, with 45,558 items in 2018.... the user who has made the most pages created in a year is the user Globalphilosophy, with more than 59,000 pages in 2020. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected]  2. COLLABORATIVE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pTI6u_gbilY Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected]  2. COLLABORATIVE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iOucwX7Z1HU Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected]  2. COLLABORATIVE Markets are conversations, what "The Cluetrain Manifesto" states, is that what makes emerge a new economy in which there is a transition from passive consumers to active prosumers. Producer + Consumer. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected]  2. COLLABORATIVE The Prosumer concept can be defined as: "That individual who besides consuming, producing, sharing, expresses its opinion which can have other individuals and earn money with it." In essence, they are all those people who act as communication channels. -Any example? Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 78  2. COLLABORATIVE Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 79  2. COLLABORATIVE Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 80  2. COLLABORATIVE Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 81  2. COLLABORATIVE Another phenomenon arising from the collaborative essence of the Internet is the "sharing economy" or collaborative economy. -Some example? Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 82  2. COLLABORATIVE Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 83  2. COLLABORATIVE My article this week in Invertia is entitled 'Understanding the 'splinternet': can the world be global?" (pdf), and talks about the evolution of the Internet from its inception as an intrinsically global network, to a current moment when countries such as North Korea, Iran, Cuba, China or Russia already have their national intranets differentiated and isolated from the global internet, while others, such as India or the European Union, raise prohibitions or rules that make many content providers unable or even considered to offer them there. The progressive Balkanization of the Internet, which has already been called "splinternet" and which already has its own Wikipedia page, refers precisely to that, to the break of the dream of a universal internet that allowed the dissemination of content around the world, due to factors such as technology, commerce, politics, nationalism , religion and particular interests. When it is not "that content offends my religion, my beliefs or such as a national figure", it is the "children must be protected" or the "here I am criticized", but the reality is what it is: humanity has been completely incapable of something as seemingly simple as developing and maintaining a common information network. Why is evidence that the global internet dream has proved impossible to maintain? Simply because our great immediate challenge, the climate emergency, is another project that also needs broad global consensus in order to have certain guarantees of success. Obviously, we will be able – and should – to take action and make commitments at the country level, but at some point we will have to consider sanctioning, marginalizing or excluding those countries that do not meet their commitments to reduce emissions, dismantle polluting plants or decarbonization timetables. We're talking about the fate of the entire planet, but everything indicates that it's going to be impossible to agree to that planet even at points that scientific evidence fully and unequivocally demonstrates. The progressive drift of the internet to splinternet is nothing more than another murky and grim omen of how bad humanity is overcoming its differences, agreeing or simply deriving learning from the experience of others (as unfortunately happened in the case of the pandemic), and how, if we do not manage to agree on common positions and roadmaps, the worst of destinations awaits us. https://www.enriquedans.com/2020/07/splinternet-como-mal- presagio.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+ElBlogDeEnriqueDans+%28El+Blog+de+En rique+Dans%29 Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected]  3. HYPERCONNECTED Internet generates a new concept in our lives... the "hyper connectivity" The Internet allows us to be more and more connected; more people, more content, more options... This hyper connectivity has caused changes in our way of interacting, it is changing the habitual way in which we do things, we make decisions, we relate, etc. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 85  3. HYPERCONNECTED Source: http://cdn.cnn.com/cnnnext/dam/assets/160926085309-hillary-clinton-crowd-selfie-super-169.jpg Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 86  3. HYPERCONNECTED Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 87  3. HYPERCONNECTED Hyperconnectivity has emerged as a defining feature in professional competition. As of the latest data in 2023, the world is witnessing an unprecedented proliferation of connected devices, with predictions exceeding 50 billion globally, signifying the integration of hyperconnectivity into the multichannel landscape. In Spain, the digital landscape is thriving, boasting 28 million active users of mobile applications. On a daily basis, there are approximately 38 million app downloads, with 30% originating from smartphones and 24% from tablets. This robust presence underscores the pervasive impact of hyperconnectivity, shaping the dynamics of professional engagement in our increasingly interconnected world. Source: http://www.elmundo.es/economia/2017/05/05/590c459e22601da6018b457c.html Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 88  Figures 89 Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 89 [email protected]  90 Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 90 [email protected]  World's most visited sites 91 2021 2020 1 TikTok.com Google.com 2 Google.com Facebook.com 3 Facebook.com Microsoft.com 4 Microsoft.com Apple.com 5 Apple.com Netflix.com 6 Amazon.com Amazon.com 7 Netflix.com TikTok.com 8 YouTube.com YouTube.com 9 Twitter.com Instagram.com 10 WhatsApp.com Twitter.com Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 91 [email protected]  92 Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 92 [email protected]  93 Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 93 [email protected]  94 Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 94 [email protected]  95 Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 95 [email protected]  96 Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 96 [email protected]  97 Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 97 [email protected]  3. HYPERCONNECTED On a personal level internet has allowed many people to have the ability to express themselves and thereby develop their own identity. But we can not forget the negative effects of hyperconnection, many of them at the psychological level. F.O.M.O. (fear of missing out) fear of being disconnected from social networks. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 98  3. HYPERCONNECTED F.O.M.O. (fear of missing out) fear of being disconnected from social networks. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1mZAQC9djPE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JlP3H98aNb4 Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 99  3. HYPERCONNECTED Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 100  3. HYPERCONNECTED https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PzX06pQV2Kk https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=20&v=RntnokGAMGo Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 101  4. NEUTRAL The neutrality of the network is based on the principle by which the ISPs and their governments have to treat the data traffic carried out by the users in an equitable way, without discriminating by the type of data that is consulted (video, web, platform, etc) or the type of access they make. This is specified in the price so that the broadband of Internet services was regulated to resemble other basic services such as water or electricity. What situations can generate the end of this neutrality? Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 102  4. NEUTRAL We are talking about the pressure of two groups of companies: Source: https://explosiveoptions.net/options-trading-charts/fang-stocks/ Source: https://skatter.com/2010/07/the-future-of-the-internet-net-neutrality/ Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 103  4. NEUTRAL End of neutrality in december of 2017. The start of the internet through different speeds https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HqXKEgTYZBQ Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 104  4. NEUTRAL Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 105  4. NEUTRAL 40% of the nighttime bandwidth in the US is occupied by Netflix and its streaming video service. * -What happens with everything else? (emergency services, telecare, management of the network itself...) -What contributes more value to the user? The connection or the content of the connection? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zq-2Yk5OgKc Source: https://retina.elpais.com/retina/2017/12/22/tendencias/1513942644_212730.html Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 106  5. EFFICIENT Moore's Law, formulated in 1965 by Gordon E. Moore, the co- founder of Intel, refers to the speed of growth of the Internet and according to this law every two years the data processing capacity is doubled, which translates into greater performance, while every 1.5 years its price is reduced by half. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 107  5. EFFICIENT This law is still valid today but there are already opinions about the possibility of it becoming obsolete shortly, 2023, since the microprocessors are at the limit of their maximum performance, that is, to the limit of their minimum possible size (7 nanometers ). https://computerhoy.com/noticias/tecnologia/intel-horse-ridge-ordenadores-cuanticos-584039 Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 108  5. EFFICIENT The solution is Quantum computing Image result for quantum computer https://cnet2.cbsistatic.com/img/R2JeikRdr7PTC-g2OUzvxSMT8kI=/1092x0/filters:gifv()/2019/12/10/e5898648-38c6-4f95- be2b-2c5e8bd7db29/ford-microsoft-quantum-computing-traffic-simulation.gif Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected]  5. EFFICIENT This multiplication of performance while dividing its cost is the basis of technological innovations, such as artificial intelligence, virtual reality or connected cars. The merged reality, that which combines virtual reality with real, is already being applied in the field of sports Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 110  5. EFFICIENT The merged reality, which combines virtual reality with real life, is already being applied in the field of sports https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x11G7xl6sSs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DIIk89cmcsU Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 111  6. EXPONENTIAL In this case we refer to Metcalfe's law, formulated by Robert Metcalfe in 1976, it refers to the value of the Internet as a network. The true value of a network is the number of people/devices it connects and whose value increases "squared" the number of connections. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 112  6. EXPONENTIAL The most basic example to explain this law is the telephone. A single telephone in itself does not provide the value, the value is provided by the number of users that have a telephone, that is, the amplification of the ability to communicate. The growth is therefore exponential. Each time a user connects, it expands the connection capabilities of others. The Network Effect Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 113  6. EXPONENTIAL Any example? Source:https://ganarenlared.com/la-ley-de-metcalfe/?utm_source=ReviveOldPost&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=ReviveOldPost Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 114  6. EXPONENTIAL Pantalla de celular con imagen de hombre Descripción generada automáticamente con confianza media https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aoeal3ljnqw Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected]  And what consecuences does it have? Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 116 [email protected]  So…… What? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ystdF6jN7hc Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 117 [email protected]  How INTERNET Works? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rw41W8crZ_Yfeature=share https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rw41W8crZ_Y&feature=share Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 118 [email protected]  WHY DO I NEED TO BROWSE? Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 119 [email protected]  WHY DO I NEED TO BROWSE? What has failed when this message appears on the screen? Source: https://www.softzone.es/2016/07/26/como-habilitar-el-modo-sin-conexion-en-chrome/ Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 120  WHY DO I NEED TO BROWSE? BROWSER Source: http://www.maspixel.com/2010/12/iconos-de-buscadores-en-alta-resolucion/ Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 121  WHY DO I NEED TO BROWSE? BROWSER It is the software or program that allows me to "visualize" in an understandable way the content of the Internet (the World Wide Web or WWW) It facilitates access to Internet content without the need for computer skills. It is a visualizer of languages ​such as Html, Flash… https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BrXPcaRlBqo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z0HN-fG6oT4 Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 122  WHY DO I NEED TO BROWSE? Mosaic was the first browser, it was born in 1992, developed by the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA). Its function was to interpret the html code of web pages. Until then what was done was to exchange files via FTP. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 123  WHY DO I NEED TO BROWSE? BROWSER EVOLUTION http://www.evolutionoftheweb.com Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 124  WHY DO I NEED TO BROWSE? Great, I have my browser, but, now what? 1 2 browser protocols Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 125  WHY DO I NEED TO BROWSE? Great, I have my browser, but, now what? 1 2 Wireless connection technology. browser protocols Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 126  WHY DO I NEED TO BROWSE? WIFI: It is a mechanism that allows the connection of digital devices to the Internet wirelessly through a wireless access point (wireless access point - WAP) with a range of about 20 meters indoors, which is increased when using it outdoors. BLUETOOTH: It is a wireless technology with a range of about 10 meters, therefore short range, which allows communication between devices. WIRELESS CONNECTION TECHNOLOGY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=co4rLn9N8OU https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N8TGsrRHlfs https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computer-science/internet- intro/internet-works-intro/v/the-internet-wires-cables-and-wifi Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 127 [email protected]  WHY DO I NEED TO BROWSE? Great, I have wifi, but, now what? 1 2 browser protocols Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 128  WHY DO I NEED TO BROWSE? Great, I have wifi, but, now what? 1 2 3 browser protocols router Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 129  WHY DO I NEED TO BROWSE? WIRELESS CONNECTION POINT (ROUTER) The WAP or wireless connection points is a network device that allows the wireless connection between a device or several (computer) with a network (Internet or local). The connection of many WAP to each other allows forming a larger network. Before the existence of wireless connection points, the connection, for example, of all computers in an office to the Internet was made through wiring. https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computer-science/internet-intro/internet-works-intro/v/the- internet-packet-routers-and-reliability Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 130  WHY DO I NEED TO BROWSE? WIRELESS CONNECTION POINT Source: jarroba.com Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 131  WHY DO I NEED TO BROWSE? Great, I have a router, but, now, what? 1 2 3 browser protocols router Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 132  WHY DO I NEED TO BROWSE? Great, I have a router, but, now what? 1 2 3 4 browser protocols router ISP Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 133  WHY DO I NEED TO BROWSE? ISP Internet Server Provider or Internet Service Provider is the company that "connects us" to the internet, gives us access to the network through its servers. They usually charge a monthly fee, and the most widely used technology is ADSL, although the use of fiber is already becoming more common in the main cities. The price paid is associated with certain characteristics (speed at which I browse) as well as other value-added services (IP television, landline, etc.) Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 134  WHY DO I NEED TO BROWSE? ISP Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 135  WHAT HAPPEN WHEN I CONNECT TO INTERNET? Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 136 [email protected] WHAT HAPPENS WHEN I CONNECT TO INTERNET ? IP An IP address is a unique and unrepeatable number (no two are the same) that identifies a computer / server connected to the internet. This number is composed of four sets of numbers ranging from 0 to 255, and are separated by a point. From 0.0.0.0, to 255.255.255.255 This is what is called IP V.4 Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 137 [email protected] WHAT HAPPENS WHEN I CONNECT TO INTERNET ? 255.255.255.255 net ID host ID Network identifier Indicates the computers IPV4 Inside of that network Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 138 [email protected] WHAT HAPPENS WHEN I CONNECT TO INTERNET ? IP On February 3, 2011, IPv4 addresses were exhausted in the central registry of IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority), ICANN Department (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers). This is how the IPV6 addresses were born Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 [email protected] 139 WHAT HAPPENS WHEN I CONNECT TO INTERNET ? IP https://www.whois.com/whois Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 140 [email protected] WHAT HAPPENS WHEN I CONNECT TO INTERNET ? IP So... when I connect to the Internet... do I also have an IP address that identifies my computer / connection? Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 141 [email protected] WHAT HAPPENS WHEN I CONNECT TO INTERNET ? IP So... when I connect to the Internet... do I also have an IP address that identifies my computer / connection? Yes. Every time we connect, our ISP assigns us an IP which is visible to other computers. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 142 [email protected] WHAT HAPPENS WHEN I CONNECT TO INTERNET ? IP IPs can be: Fixed: The ISP assigns the user in his first connection, which allows to mount web services (mail, FTP..) pointing to that IP. Dynamics: Assigned by a server. They were created in the shortage of IPs before the appearance of IPV6 Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 143 [email protected] WHAT HAPPENS WHEN I CONNECT TO INTERNET ? IP How can I know through which IP am I browsering right now? https://computerhoy.com/paso-a- paso/internet/como-saber-cual-es-direccion-ip- mi-ordenador-24347 Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 144 [email protected] WHAT HAPPENS WHEN I CONNECT TO INTERNET ? DNS “Domain Name Server” It is the service that allows us not to have to memorize "IP addresses" of the sites we want to visit, that when writing the URL, this service looks in a list, which is the URL that corresponds to the IP address to take us. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 145 [email protected]  WHAT HAPPENS WHEN I CONNECT TO INTERNET ? https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computer-science/internet- intro/internet-works-intro/v/the-internet-ip-addresses-and-dns DNS Source: https://okhosting.com/blog/que-son-los-servidores-dns/ Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 146 [email protected] WHAT HAPPENS WHEN I CONNECT TO INTERNET ? URL “Uniform Resource Identifier”, is a sequence of characters that identifies a unique address where a resource is found on the Internet. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 147 [email protected] WHAT HAPPENS WHEN I CONNECT TO INTERNET ? URL The general format is: esquema://máquina.directorio.archivo https://www.zalando.es/woman-home/ralph-lauren-dress.html MAQUINA indicates me the server (WEB) where all the information is. The rest of the information tells me where is exactly what I am looking for. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 148 [email protected] WHAT HAPPENS WHEN I CONNECT TO INTERNET ? URL The most common SCHEMES are : HTTP HTTPS Hypertext Transfer Protocol (Communicacion When I use a secure concection protocol protocol of WWW) (under a security layer) Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 149 [email protected] WHAT HAPPENS WHEN I CONNECT TO INTERNET ? 1 I write a Web direction (URL) on my browser Escribo una dirección web (URL) en mi navegador 2 When I enter, I am requesting a DNS server to translate that URL into the IP address of the requested web. 3 After translating it, the request is sent to the web serverwhere that web is hosted 4 It is the web server that returns the response and shows me the web that I have requested in my browser https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computer-science/internet-intro/internet-works-intro/v/the-internet-http-and-html Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 150 [email protected]  Great, now I want to have my own webpage, Where can I start? Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 151 [email protected]  WHAT DO I NEED TO HAVE ONLINE PRESENCE? WEB To program a web, I have several options, from programming it from zero (in html) to using the services of predesigned templates offered by many hosting companies and Blogs platforms. The web design market is undoubtedly the best option (easy and cheap) to manage a first presence on the internet. It offers a large number of options; corporate pages, ecommerce… Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 152 [email protected]  WHAT DO I NEED TO HAVE ONLINE PRESENCE? WEB Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 153 [email protected]  Great, now I have my own webpage, Then…. What? Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 154 [email protected]  WHAT DO I NEED TO HAVE ONLINE PRESENCE? DOMAIN The domain or "domain name" is the name with which I want to be searched and found on the internet. So to speak, it's the name I want to put on my website. As we already know, this domain will be registered in a DNS that will point to the IP of the machine where we have our website. Thus it is not necessary to "memorize" the IP number. Domains are unique, that is, no two are the same. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 155 [email protected]  WHAT DO I NEED TO HAVE ONLINE PRESENCE? DOMAIN The domain has two levels: First Level Domain: What is after the “.” (ex..com,.es,.info). Refers to the Geography or the type of organization that registered the domain Second level Domain: What is before the “.” Commonly refers to the organization that registered the domain. Country second level domain “edu.es” Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 156 [email protected]  WHAT DO I NEED TO HAVE ONLINE PRESENCE? DOMAIN When creating a domain, we must take in account to key aspects: The Name of the domain: It is the name we want to be recognized on Internet. The Extension of the Domain: (of first level) there are many possibilities..COM: 82.01 million.DE (Germany): 13.05 million.CN (China): 12.55 million.NET: 12.42 million.UK (United Kingdom): 7.83 million.ORG: 7.79 million.INFO: 5.24 million.NL (Netherlands): 3.5 million.EU (European Union): 2.98 million.RU (Russia): 2.31 million Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 157 [email protected]  WHAT DO I NEED TO HAVE ONLINE PRESENCE? DOMAIN https://www.dondominio.com/help/es/4/como-comprobar- si-dominio-esta-disponible/ Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 158 [email protected]  Great, now I have my webpage, and I have named it by contracting a domain. Is it enough? Does it mean It will be seen on Internet? Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 159 [email protected] WHAT DO I NEED TO HAVE ONLINE PRESENCE? HOSTING/HOUSING A web page (personal, corporate, ecommerce, etc.) is software that must be installed or "hosted" on a computer that is connected 24/7 to the internet. These computers, which are called SERVERS, offer us, under payment, the service of "hosting" our web page (web hosting), and have it always available on the internet so that anyone who connects can see it. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 160 [email protected]  WHAT DO I NEED TO HAVE ONLINE PRESENCE? HOSTING/HOUSING Generally the companies that offer domains also offer hosting and we can choose between several options depending on the needs of our website: HOSTING: When I rent a part of a machine. DEDICATED HOSTING: When renting the whole machine. HOUSING: When I put the machine, but they connect to the internet (data center / RACK). Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 161 [email protected]  WHAT DO I NEED TO HAVE ONLINE PRESENCE? HOSTING/HOUSING This is how a Google data hosting looks like. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XZmGGAbHqa0 Source: https://www.phoenixwebdev.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/google-data-hosting-centre.jpg Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 162 [email protected] WHAT DO I NEED TO HAVE ONLINE PRESENCE? THE WORLD LARGEST DATACENTER https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P2OlHrZQDUM Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 163 [email protected]  WHAT DO I NEED TO HAVE ONLINE PRESENCE? HOSTING/HOUSING Our HOSTING server will assign us an IP ADDRESS with which we will be able to locate our website once we go online. Once the DOMAIN has been hired, it will be associated with the IP ADDRESS assigned to our website. This web page will be formed by folders and subfolders of content that will form the structure of the URL with which I will go browsing and accessing the web. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 164 [email protected]  LIST OF TOP LEVEL DOMAINS https://www.icann.org/resources/page s/tlds-2012-02-25-en Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 165 [email protected] 16  DOMAIN PRACTICE Tips for choosing the perfect domain name 1. Make it easy to type. Avoid stranges characters “ñ” and misinterpretations 2. Keep it short. Best option is to use only one word 3. Use keywords without exceeding 4. Target your area. 5. Avoid numbers and hyphens. 6. Be memorable. Brand/Company must be correctly identified 7. Research it. Think of SEO. (Google trends) 8. Use an appropriate domain name extensión. 9. Protect and build your brand. (register under the most popular TLD) and potentially misspellings easy words) 10. Act fast. 11. Check Domain history especially if you buy existing Domain names Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 166 [email protected]  DOMAIN PRACTICE QUESTIONS CHECK Is it available? Is the Brand/product identified correctly? Does it use keywords without exceeding? (use tools to justify your answer) Does it use strange characters? Does it give rise to misinterpretations? Does it lead to orthographic mistakes? It is short and somehow unique Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 167 [email protected]  3 MAJOR FORCES PUSHING DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM 1. SPEED of Processing Information – Moore’s Law 2. SPEED in Sending Information 3. COST of Stocking Information Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 168 [email protected] 3 MAJOR FORCES PUSHING DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM SPEED of Processing Information – Moore’s Law Moore's Law, formulated in 1965 by Gordon E. Moore, the co- founder of Intel, refers to the speed of growth of the Internet and according to this law every two years the data processing capacity is doubled, which translates into greater performance, while every 1.5 years its price is reduced by half. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 169 [email protected] 3 MAJOR FORCES PUSHING DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM SPEED of Processing Information – Moore’s Law This law is still valid today but there are already opinions about the possibility of it becoming obsolete shortly, 2023, since the microprocessors are at the limit of their maximum performance, that is, to the limit of their minimum possible size (7 nanometers ). This multiplication of performance while dividing its cost is the basis of technological innovations, such as artificial intelligence, virtual reality or connected cars. Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 170 [email protected] 3 MAJOR FORCES PUSHING DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM SPEED of Processing Information – Moore’s Law Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 171 [email protected] 3 MAJOR FORCES PUSHING DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM SPEED of Processing Information – Moore’s Law Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 172 [email protected] 3 MAJOR FORCES PUSHING DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM SPEED of Sending Information Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 173 [email protected] 3 MAJOR FORCES PUSHING DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM SPEED of Sending Information Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 174 [email protected] 3 MAJOR FORCES PUSHING DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM SPEED of Sending Information Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 175 [email protected] 3 MAJOR FORCES PUSHING DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM SPEED of Sending Information Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 176 [email protected] 3 MAJOR FORCES PUSHING DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM SPEED of Sending Information Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 177 [email protected] 3 MAJOR FORCES PUSHING DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM COST of Stocking Information Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 178 [email protected] 3 MAJOR FORCES PUSHING DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM COST of Stocking Information Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 179 [email protected]  3 MAJOR FORCES PUSHING DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM MAJOR IMPACTS Labour Market Production of goodss New Economy Education Health Care Reduction on cost transactions Commerce Relation with the Government Manufacturing People Relationship Smarter Consumer Smart cities Mobility Internet of Things Local Production Machine Learning Robotics: 5 D Dull, Dangerous, Dirty, Difficult and Dear Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 180 [email protected]  3 MAJOR FORCES PUSHING DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM Robotics Four D https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2017/10/16/the-4-ds-of-robotization-dull-dirty-dangerous-and-dear/#6fe959673e0d https://medium.com/hangartech/robotics-drones-do-dull-dirty-dangerous-now-difficult-a860c9c182a4https://medium.com/hangartech/robotics- drones-do-dull-dirty-dangerous-now-difficult-a860c9c182a4 Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 181 [email protected]  EXAMS Q – Unit 1 1. ¿What was E.N.I.A.C. and U.N.I.V.A.C.? 2. How was computers reduced in size? 3. Who and what do they create the Internet for? 4. What was ARPANET 5. What does www mean? And what purpose did he have? 6. Why do we say Internet is Decentralized? 7. Why do we say that the Internet is Collaborative? 8. What is Social Dilemma mean for social Media companies? 9. What do we mean when we talk about the Internet being a Hyperconnected network? 10. What is the neutrality of the network? 11. What is Moore's Law? What role do you play in the Digital Ecosystem? 12. What is a WIFI? 13. What is BLUETOOTH? 14. What is a ROUTER and what role does it play when connecting to internet? 15. What is a ISP? (mention, at least 4 in Spain or outside) 16. What technologies can an ISP use to connect to internet? 17. What is it and what form does an IP ADDRESS have? 18. What format does an IPV4 have? 19. What is a BROWSER? (mention, at least 4) 20. What is a DNS and what is it for? 21. What is a URL and what is its format? 22. Describe in 4 steps what happens when I search for a page on the Internet. Draw a Diagram. 23. What is the difference between a URL and a DOMAIN? 24. What are the 3 forces that are pushing Digital Development? Digital Ecosystem 2021-2022 182 [email protected]