Linguistics Study Guide PDF

# Linguistics Native Review ## What is linguistics? - The scientific study of language. ## What is phonetics? - The study of the creation and classification of sounds. ## The word "phonetics" comes from what Greek root word meaning sound or voice? - Phon ## Where are your vocal folds located?...

# Linguistics Native Review ## What is linguistics? - The scientific study of language. ## What is phonetics? - The study of the creation and classification of sounds. ## The word "phonetics" comes from what Greek root word meaning sound or voice? - Phon ## Where are your vocal folds located? - In the larynx ## How is sound created? - Sound is created by vibrations producing soundwaves. ## What is an open vowel? - A vowel produced with the tongue far from the roof of the mouth. ## What is a closed vowel? - A vowel produced with the tongue close to the roof of the mouth. ## Open vs. Closed Vowels | Vowel | Classification | | --------- | ----------- | | A | Open | | E | Open | | I | Open | | O | Closed | | U | Closed | ## What is phonology? - The study of the patterns of sounds in a language and across languages. ## What is a phoneme? - The smallest unit of sound in a word. ## What is the most used alphabet across languages? - Latin ## Look at the text below. What alphabet is being used in this text? “Привет. Меня зовут Александр и я из России.” - Cyrillic ## Look at the text below. What alphabet is being used in this text? “안녕하세요” - Hangul ## Look at the text below. What alphabet is being used in this text? “مرحبا. كيف حالك” - Arabic Abjad ## Look at the text below. What alphabet is being used in this text? “Καλημέρα. Πώς είσαι?” - Greek ## What is aspiration in linguistics? - The puff of air when saying a consonant. ## What is Metathesis? - The linguistic pattern of switching sounds and syllables in a word. ## What are examples of Romance languages? - Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, French, Romanian ## What are examples of Germanic languages? - German, English, Dutch, Afrikaans ## What are examples of Semitic languages? - Arabic, Hebrew, Aramaic ## What are examples of Slavic languages? - Russian, Ukrainian, Bulgarian, Serbian ## What is a logogram? - An image or symbol that represents a word or a phrase. ## Separate the word School into its phonemes. /s/k/ōō/l/ ## What is morphology? - The study of words and how they relate to each other in a language. ## What is a morpheme? - The smallest unit of meaning in a word. ## What is a free morpheme? - A morpheme that can stand by itself. ## What is a bound morpheme? - A morpheme that cannot stand by itself and must be bound by a free morpheme. ## What are examples of compounds? - Doghouse - Apple tree - Rabbit hole - Firetruck ## How many morphemes are in the word "airports?" - Air/port/s ## How many free morphemes are in the word "mailbox?" - Mail/box ## What are examples of bound morphemes? - -s - -es - -ed - un- - de-