U5 Solutions and Solubility Honors Chemistry PDF

U5, part 1 Solutions and solubility Source: https://www.edumedia-sciences.com/en/media/368-substances-versus-mixtures  Types of homogeneous mixtures Source: https://chemistryonline.guru/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/tyn.jpg Tyndall effect test...

U5, part 1 Solutions and solubility Source: https://www.edumedia-sciences.com/en/media/368-substances-versus-mixtures  Types of homogeneous mixtures Source: https://chemistryonline.guru/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/tyn.jpg Tyndall effect test John Tyndall circa 1850 Wikipedia  Solubility depends on the nature of the solute and solvent. NaCl(s) and H2O(l) … what intermolecular forces are at play here? Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education Factors That Affect Solubility Changing KE: – Stirring or shaking moves dissolved particles away from the contact surfaces more quickly and allows new collisions to occur thereby increasing the rate of solvation. Changing the surface area – Breaking the solute into small pieces increases surface area and allows more collisions to occur thereby increasing the rate of solvation. Changing the temperature – As temperature increases, rate of solvation increases. Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education Concentration The concentration of a solution is a measure of how much solute is dissolved in a specific amount of solvent or solution. Concentration can be described as concentrated or dilute. ○ Dilution: making a solution LESS concentratedadding more solvent Molarity is the number of moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution. Source: https://www.onlinemathlearning.com/molarity.html Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education CALCULATING MOLARITY Problem #1: A 0.1005 L intravenous (IV) solution contains 0.283 moles of glucose (C6H12O6). What is the molarity of this solution? 1) Write the formula M = moles of solute / Liters of solution 2) Include values with units M = 0.283 moles of glucose / 0.1005 L of solution 3) Show answer with unit an proper number of significant digits M = 2.82 mol/L Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education CALCULATING MOLARITY Problem #2: A 100.5-mL intravenous (IV) solution contains 0.283 moles of glucose. What is the molarity of this solution? How is this problem different from the first one? 1) Write the formula M = moles of solute / Liters of solution 2) Include values with units 3) Show answer with unit an proper number of significant digits Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education CALCULATING MOLARITY Problem #3: A 100.5-mL intravenous (IV) solution contains 5.10 g of glucose. What is the molarity of this solution? The molar mass of glucose is 180.16 g/mol. How is this problem different from the second one? 1) Write the formula M = moles of solute / Liters of solution 2) Include values with units 3) Show answer with unit an proper number of significant digits Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education There are TWO types of problems to solve, 1) when the mass of water is equal to 100 grams a) no calculations needed, just read the graph 2) when the mass of water is different from 100 grams a) read the graph and then include calculations Solubility curves video