TOA - Introduction to Theory & Architecture PDF

TOA Theory of Architecture MODULE 1 Introduction to Theory and Architecture OVERVIEW OF THE MODULE ▪ Module 1: Introduction to Theory and Architecture ▪ Part 1.1: Definition of theory and architecture ▪ Part 1.2: Architectural system and orders ▪ Part 1.3: Processes in architectural design ...

TOA Theory of Architecture MODULE 1 Introduction to Theory and Architecture OVERVIEW OF THE MODULE ▪ Module 1: Introduction to Theory and Architecture ▪ Part 1.1: Definition of theory and architecture ▪ Part 1.2: Architectural system and orders ▪ Part 1.3: Processes in architectural design PART 1.1 Definition of Theory and Architecture What is theory? Theory Abstract thought or speculation resulting in a system of assumption or principles used in analyzing, explaining, or predicting phenomena, and proposed or followed as a basis of action. TYPES OF THEORY ▪ Descriptive: simply explains events or phenomena. ▪ Prescriptive: prescribes guidelines. What is architecture? Architecture The art and science of designing and constructing buildings. Art The conscious use of skill, craft, and creative imagination in the production of what is beautiful, appealing, or of more than ordinary significance. Science A branch of knowledge dealing with a body of facts or truths obtained by direct observation, experimental investigation, and methodical study, systematically arranged and showing the operation of general laws. PART 1.2 Architectural Systems and Orders Architectural systems ROBOTO 44 Architectural systems The architecture of space, ▪ Organizational pattern, structure, and enclosure relationships, hierarchy ▪ Qualities of shape, color, texture, scale, proportion ▪ Qualities of surfaces, edges, and openings Architectural systems Experienced through ▪ Approach and entry movement in space and time ▪ Path configuration and access ▪ Sequence of spaces ▪ Light, view, touch, hearing, and smell Architectural systems Achieved by means of ▪ Structure and enclosure technology ▪ Environmental protection and comfort ▪ Health, safety, and welfare ▪ Durability Architectural Systems Accommodating a program ▪ User requirements, needs, aspirations ▪ Socio-cultural factors ▪ Economic factors ▪ Legal restraints ▪ Historical tradition and precedents Architectural Systems Compatible with its context ▪ Site and environment ▪ Climate: sun, wind, temperature, and precipitation ▪ Geography: soils, topography, vegetation, and water ▪ Sensory and cultural characteristics of the place VILLA SAVOYE Poissy, east of Paris. Le Corbusier. This graphic analysis will illustrate the way architecture embodies the harmonious integration of interacting and interrelated parts into a complex and unified whole. Spatial System The three-dimensional integration of program elements and spaces accommodates the multiple functions and relationships of a house. Structural System A grid of columns support horizontal beams and slabs. The cantilever acknowledges the direction of approach along the longitudinal axis. Enclosure System Four exterior wall planes define a rectangular volume that contains the program elements and spaces. Circulation System The stair and ramp penetrate and link the three levels, and heighten the viewer’s perception of forms in space and light. The curved form of the entrance foyer reflects the movement of the automobile. Context A simple exterior form wraps around a complex interior organization of forms and spaces. Elevating the main floor provides a better view and avoids the humidity of the ground. A garden terrace distributes sunlight to the spaces gathered around it. Architectural orders Architectural Orders Physical ▪ Solids and voids ▪ Space ▪ Interior and exterior ▪ Structure ▪ Enclosure ▪ Machines Architectural Orders Perceptual Sensory perception ▪ Approach and and recognition of Departure the physical ▪ Entry and Egress elements by ▪ Movement through experiencing them the order of spaces sequentially in time ▪ Functioning of and activities within spaces ▪ Qualities of light, color, texture, view, and sound. Architectural Orders Conceptual Comprehension of ▪ Images the ordered and ▪ Patterns disordered ▪ Signs relationships among ▪ Symbols a building’s ▪ Context elements and systems and responding to the meanings they evoke. PART 1.3 Processes in Architectural Design Design process A purposeful activity aimed at devising a plan for changing an existing situation into a future preferred state. Design phases 1. Initiation 2. Preparation 3. Synthesis 4. Evaluation 5. Action 6. Reevaluation Initiation Identifying a problem and its social, economic, and physical context. Preparation Collecting and analyzing relevant information and establishing goals and criteria for an acceptable solution. Synthesis Discovering constraints and opportunities, and hypothesizing possible alternative solutions. Evaluation Simulating, testing, and modifying acceptable alternatives according to specified goals and criteria. Action Selecting and implementing the most suitable solution. Reevaluation Assessing how well an implemented solution in use satisfies the specified goals and criteria. End of Module 1