Qualitative Research: Kinds, Characteristics, Uses, Strengths & Weaknesses PDF

The Value of Qual i t a t i v e R e s e a r c h : Its Kinds, C h a ra c t e r i s t i c s, U s e s , S t r e n g t h s , a n d Weaknesses Directions: Rearrange the jumbled letters to form the concept described in each item. EMLPIRC 1. Research is based...

The Value of Qual i t a t i v e R e s e a r c h : Its Kinds, C h a ra c t e r i s t i c s, U s e s , S t r e n g t h s , a n d Weaknesses Directions: Rearrange the jumbled letters to form the concept described in each item. EMLPIRC 1. Research is based on direct AI experience or observation by the researcher. OGILCAL 2. It is based on valid procedures and principles. LCYCICAL 3. It starts with a problem and ends with a problem. AANLYTIC 4. It proves analytical procedures AL in gathering the data, whether historical, descriptive, and case study. Directions: Rearrange the jumbled letters to form the concept described in each item. L M E T H O D I C 5. It is conducted in a methodical A manner without bias using systematic methods and procedures. REPLIABL 6. Its design and procedures are EC replicated or repeated to enable the researcher to arrive at valid and ACRITICL conclusive 7. results. It exhibits carefully studied EQALITATI judgment. 8. It is a process of naturalistic VU E S E R A R C inquiry that seeks in-depth H understanding of social phenomena within their natural setting. Directions: Rearrange the jumbled letters to form the concept described in each item. YINTGRIT 9. It is an ethics of a research E which to keep promises and agreemnts. N T E I L L E C U T 10. It is an ethics of a research AL which to keep promises and P R O E R P T Y agreements. Kinds of Qualitative Research Phenomenology Ethnography Grounded Theory Case Study Content & Discourse Analysis Historical Analysis  Phenomenology It is a study of how people give meaning to their experiences, like the death of loved ones, care for the people, and friendliness of the people. In simplest terms, is the study of how things appear to us. Think of it this way: Imagine you're looking at a sunset. Phenomenology would be interested in how the colors appear to you, how the light makes you feel, and the overall impression the sunset leaves on your mind. It's about exploring the "what it's like" of your experience.  Ethnography Ethnography is like deep diving into a specific group of people to understand their culture, beliefs, and how they live. Think of it as:Living among them: Researchers spend a long time observing and interacting with the people they're studying. Understanding their world: They try to see things from the perspective of the people they're studying, not just their own. Telling their story: Ethnography often involves writing detailed descriptions and stories about the people and their culture.In simpler terms: It's like becoming a temporary member of a community to learn all about them.  Grounded Theory It occurs when a researcher discovers a new theory based on the data collected. It is a research methodology for discovering theory in a substantive area. In simplest terms, grounded theory is a research method where you: 1.Collect data: You gather information through interviews, observations, or other methods. 2.Analyze data: You carefully examine the data, looking for patterns, themes, and connections. 3.Develop a theory: Based on your analysis, you create a new theory that explains the phenomenon you're studying. Key Idea: The theory is "grounded" in the data you collected, meaning it directly emerges from the information you gathered from real people or situations.  Case study This study involves an investigation of a person, group, organization, or situation for a long period of time to explain why such things occur to the subject under study. Some examples of this type of study are the fields of social care, nursing, psychology, rehabilitation centers, education, etc.  Case study In simplest terms, a case study is like a deep dive into a single person, group, event, or situation. Focus on the Specific: Instead of looking at a broad topic, a case study zooms in on one particular example. In-Depth Exploration: It aims to understand the subject in great detail, exploring all aspects and nuances. Real-World Understanding: Case studies help us learn from real- life situations and gain insights that can be applied to other similar cases. Think of it this way: Imagine you're writing a report about successful businesses. A case study might focus on a single company like Apple, examining its history, leadership, marketing  Content & Disclosure Analysis This method requires the examination or analysis of the substance or content of the communication that takes place through letters, books, journals, photos, video recordings, short message services, online messages, emails, audio-visual materials, etc. It is a research method that focuses on examining the content of written or spoken communication and how information is disclosed within it. Examples: Analyzing political speeches for persuasive language and hidden agendas. Studying how companies disclose financial information to  Historical Analysis This is the study of primary documents to explain the connection of past events to the present time. An example of this is explaining the happenings during Marcos regime. It is the examination of past events and phenomena to understand their causes, consequences, and significance. Characteristics and Uses of Qualitative Research Qualitative research takes place in natural setting like home, school, institution, or community. Researchers gain actual experiences of the research participants.  It focuses on participants’ perceptions and experiences (Franenkel and Wallen, 1988 in Creswell, 2013)  Researchers are sensitive to participants’ needs and participants are actively engaged in the process.  Data are collected through observation, interviews, documents, e-mails, blogs, blogs, videos, etc.  It may result in changes in research questions after new discoveries occur. It develops from a specific to a general understanding of concepts. Characteristics and Uses of Qualitative Research Qualitative research takes place in natural setting like home, school, institution, or community. Researchers gain actual experiences of the research participants. It is a process of describing a situation, analyzing data for themes or categories, and making interpretations or drawing conlusions. It may be subjected to the researcher’s personal interpretation. The researchers, as a primary instrument in data collection, view social phenomena and situations holistically.  Strengths of Qualitative Research 1. Issues can be analyzed through detailed and deep examination. 2. Interviews are not being delimited to specific questions and can be guided/redirected by the researcher along the process. 3. The research framework and direction can be easily revised as new information emerges. 4. The obtained data from human experience is powerful and sometimes more interesting than quantitative data. 5. Data usually are collected from a few cases or individuals so findings cannot be generalized to a larger population. Findings can however be transferable to another setting.  Weaknesses of Qualitative Research 1. Research quality is heavily dependent on the researcher’s skills and may be influenced by the researcher’s outlooks. 2. The volume of data makes analysis and interpretation time-consuming. 3. It is sometimes hard to prove. 4. The researcher’s presence during data gathering, which is often unavoidable in qualitative research, can affect the subjects’ attitudes towards the process. 5. Issues of anonymity and confidentiality can bring/result in problems when presenting findings.