The Physical Self - PowerPoint Presentation PDF

# The Physical Self ## Understanding the Self ### Who is your celebrity idol? - Why? ### The Physical Self - Refers to the body, this marvelous container and complex, finely tuned, machine with which we interface with our environment and fellow beings. - The concrete dimension, the tangible aspec...

# The Physical Self ## Understanding the Self ### Who is your celebrity idol? - Why? ### The Physical Self - Refers to the body, this marvelous container and complex, finely tuned, machine with which we interface with our environment and fellow beings. - The concrete dimension, the tangible aspect of the person that can be directly observed and examined. ### The Physical Self - William James considered body as the initial source of sensation and necessary for the origin and maintenance of personality. - Sigmund Freud's construction of self and personality makes the physical body the core of human experience. - For Erik Erikson, experience is anchored in the ground-plan of body. According to him the role of bodily organs is especially important in early developmental stages of a persons life. - Later in life, the development of physical as well as intellectual skills help determine whether the individual will achieve a sense of competence and ability to choose demanding roles in a complex society. ### The Physical Self - Carl Jung argued that physical processes are relevant to us only to the extent they are represented in the psyche. The physical body and the external world can be known only as psychological experiences. The body and spirit are to me mere aspects of the reality of the psyche. Psychic experience is the only immediate experience. Body is as metaphysical as the spirit. - B. F. Skinner treats human being as an unopened, but certainly not empty, box. For Skinner the terms personality and self are mere explanatory fictions and all there is, is the body. - The Eastern traditions, especially the Indian, view growth and enlightenment as the whole body event, which is not possible until one has a pure and strong body. # Self-Concept - It is how the individual perceives oneself. - It is the belief that an individual holds about oneself. - It is how a person describes him or herself. - In youth, self-concept is amenable. Young people are very impressionable and often change according to interactions and experiences. Self-concept becomes more stable as people age. Knowing and understanding the self is the most important human concept for a well-developed self-concept. # Self-Concept - Humanistic psychology focuses on the positives of mental health, the ability of the individual to grow, and one's strengths and qualities. - The development of the self helps the individual understand who the self was in the past, who the self is in the present, and who the self will be in the future. # Self-Concept - Abraham Maslow focused his ideas of the self-concept on stages that lead to self-actualization, which is exemplified by his graphic triangle of Hierarchy of Needs. - The development of the self helps the individual understand who the self was in the past, who the self is in the present, and who the self will be in the future. # Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs ## Self-Concept | Need categories | Need examples | |:---:|:---:| | Self-actualization needs | Self-fulfillment; Growth; Unity; Understanding; Beauty; Morality; Transcendence; Exploration; Play | | Esteem needs | Positive self-evaluation; Dignity; Achievement; Mastery; Competence; Independence; Reputation; Prestige | | Social needs | Giving and receiving affection; Intimacy; Friendship; Tenderness; Affiliation; Love; Belongingness | | Safety needs | Security; Stability; Predictability; Protection; Freedom from fear; Structure; Order; Law; Limits | | Physiological needs | Nutrition; Water; Air; Sleep; Shelter; Clothing (temperature control); Reproduction | - Self-actualization, according to Maslow, is the highest potential a person can attain by being completely accepting and in agreement with the self and the surroundings. - So, in short, an individual will live at his or her highest self when he or she accepts the self, others, and the surrounding world. # Self-Concept - Carl Rogers, believes that the self-concept has three parts: self-image, self-esteem or self-worth, and the ideal self. # Self Image - It is the picture of the self in the mind. This self will define the individual self as intelligent, ugly, fat, or beautiful. One might say "I am intelligent," or "I am fat." # Self Esteem - It is how an individual feels about the self and the achievements, abilities, and self-worth. An individual may feel pride, despair, or shame. One might say, 'I am good at playing video games," or "I never do anything right." # Ideal Self - It is the self that one wishes to create based on experiences, societal expectations and any role models the self may have. - When the real self is not close to the ideal-self, the individual becomes dissatisfied and disgruntled. Then the individual sees the self as a failure. Roger's overall belief is that all humans are born with the innate desire to become the best self a human can be. - He believed that the behavior of an individual is based on the way the individual perceives their situation. # Factors that shape the Physical Self: - It also delves into socio-cultural issues associated with physical well-being. ## 1. The Biological Blueprint - Heredity is defined as the transmission of traits from parents to offspring. The traits are made up of specific information embedded within one's gene. - Genotype refers to the specific information embedded within one's genes; not all genotypes translate to an observed physical characteristic. - Phenotype is the physical expression of a particular trait. - Each individual carries 23 pairs of chromosomes, which are threadlike bodies in the nucleus of the cell and the storage unit of genes. The 23rd pair, also known as sex chromosomes, determines the sex of an individual. - Within each chromosome is the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions specifying the biological development of every individual - Maturation is known as the completion of growth of a genetic character within an organism or the unfolding of an individual's inherent traits or potential. ## 2. Environmental Conditioning - As you grow up, you are exposed to environmental influences that shape your physical self, including those from your social networks, societal expectations, and cultural practices. - Family, being your first social group, forms a crucial foundation of your development, including that of your physical self. - As you grow older, you get exposed to a larger social group with new practices and standards. As a result, you may begin engaging in acts that would make you attractive and acceptable to others. - One aspect of physical beauty is a person's body type. Contemporary media has portrayed slim bodies as the ideal body type for women and muscular bodies for men. Thus, adolescents indulge in activities that would enable them to achieve these ideal body types. - However, some adolescents may resort to unhealthy habits just to achieve the ideal body type. It is important to remember that physical beauty is only skin-deep; that what matters is feeling good about oneself and embracing a healthy perception of one's physical worth. ## 3. Achieving Physical Well-being - Healthy eating. Following a healthy diet results in healthy skin, ideal weight, and better stamina. - Embracing a healthy lifestyle. Physical activities such as walking, running, going to the gym, and engaging in sports also contribute to a healthier body. - Maintaining proper hygiene. Taking care of your body by consistently following a hygiene regimen can also help you feel good about yourself. - Being confident. Be secure in yourself, embrace a positive outlook toward various situations and problems, and love and accept who you are. # ACTIVITY - Describe your ideal self. Analyze if how it is congruent or incongruent to your real self.