The Concept of Trend PDF

THE CONCEPT OF TREND Trend is a recurrent phenomenon that takes place every time and gives rise to speculation of the future. It means that trends evolve slower over time and gradually build their influence. Eventually, it leads to long term change with their popularity built up. This concept cre...

THE CONCEPT OF TREND Trend is a recurrent phenomenon that takes place every time and gives rise to speculation of the future. It means that trends evolve slower over time and gradually build their influence. Eventually, it leads to long term change with their popularity built up. This concept creep up to culture broadly beyond the influence of a single industry. It is something that covers almost all human activities such as but not limited to politics, beliefs, life- style, economics, social life and the like whether the individuals or groups of people are aware of it or not. Trend has been applied in various social science disciplines. However, to understand the concept even further, Social and Economic trends will be used as the referring point: a\. Social trends refer to patterns or shifts in behavior, attitudes, values, or preferences among a group of people over time. These trends can be observed in various aspects of society, including culture, fashion, technology, and social norms. Examples: 1\. The rise of remote work due to technological advancements and changes in work culture. 2\. Increasing awareness and activism around climate change. 3\. The proliferation of online casinos gave an unprecedented number of Filipino gamblers due to its accessibility. b\. Economic trends refer to the long-term direction of an economy. The trend can go up, down, or sideways. An upward trend means the economy is growing and wages are rising. A downward trend means the economy is shrinking and unemployment is increasing. B. TREND VS. FAD "Trending ngayon sa YouTube ang\... Trending sa Twitter ang\... Trending ngayon sa Facebook ang.." are the common news lines that are being presented on TV, making it understood as part of trend. However, this description makes it a fad rather than a trend. A fad is an intense but short-lived fashion. It is a widely-- shared enthusiasm for something, especially one that is short-lived. It has little, if any, utility but is characterized by a quick rise in sales and popularity followed by a quick decline in sales and popularity. This quick up and down in sales are because fad products usually do not satisfy a strong consumer need. Nevertheless, fads seldom completely die out with some diehard followers remaining loyal. Trends have: Fads have: a\. A long life span a. A short life span b\. A style for longer years b. Emerge and go quickly c\. Rising slow in popularity c. Rising quickly in popularity Examples of fad: To simply put it, a fad has a definite beginning and a definite end while a trend though has a certain beginning at a certain point in time or history but, it evolves and changes as it continues to grow. C. CHARACTERISTICS OF A TREND Changes in society may come from different manifestations that we can feel during its shift. Some changes affects our preferences or daily behavior, while other changes affect our overall way of living. Trends, in this observation, were classified into different characteristics that are written as follows: c.1. Microtrend -- Little things that happen all around us all the time, the tiny shifts that occur in everything from clothes we wear and the snacks we eat to the way, play, and love. It is similar to fad. c.2. Macrotrend -- Aggregated microtrends or more sweeping changes that are affecting society. c.3. Megatrend -- Macrotrends that have grown, and affect the lives of the human race, lasting for decades. c.4. Gigatrend -- Trends that affect most areas of human life and/or vital industry/ies, defining an era For an application of their relationship with each other, we use phones for social connection as an example: MICROTREND She is using Tinder to find a prospect boyfriend. MACROTREND Many young adults use social media websites such as Facebook to widen their relationship to other people. MEGATREND Smartphones and laptops became the new paper for writing love letters and snail mails. GIGATREND Without the creation of internet, social networking companies like Meta and ByteDance will not exist. D. SPOTTING A TREND One of the important skills in identifying trends is known as Trendspotting, commonly used by marketers. It is the action of identifying a trend before it becomes mainstream or reaches its peak. This involves taking steps to detect signals like emerging data anomalies or cultural shifts and using them to forecast a trend's growth and development. A gradual change or development that produces a particular result that is known as a trend is: a\. trend towards/to: "Devices are trending toward touch screen mobiles and laptops. b\. trend in: "The latest trend in social media is...." c\. an upward/downward trend: "Wars, famines, epidemics and so could cause reversals on the downward trend in morality." d\. follow a trend: "Everyone seems to be following the trend for planting indoor plants." e\. buck the/a trend (not to be affected by a general trend): "Although industry profits were down, MFG is expected to buck the trend and increase profits. E. ELEMENTS OF TREND e.1. Duration of Time - The lifespan of products or ideas that become trends do not disappear quickly. Trends have long staying power and enjoy a long period of time. e.2. Acceptability - Trends are popularly accepted by many industries and people. e.3. Cultural Basis - A trend is rooted on the people's cultural traditions, beliefs, and values. A trend persists and continues because people have seen it as part of a society's culture. e.4. Transitory Increase or Decrease - A trend shows a transitory increase or decrease of a particular idea, event or phenomenon. e.5. Driver, Enabler, Blocker - Agents in trend. THE PHILOSOPHICAL RATIONALE OF TREND: SUM-PARTS AND WHOLE Trend is a manifestation of both sum and parts. When dealing with the notion of sum and parts, well - known philosophers have a more nuanced view of these two concepts. At an early time in history, Greek philosopher Aristotle claimed that the whole is not equal to the sum of parts, and conversely, the sum of the parts is not equal to the whole. In contradictory, Democritus somehow believed that the parts are of great significance in under- standing the essence of the whole. What does it mean to trend? Either you believe in parts or the whole, trends have the capacity to grow and evolve that gives influence or birth to other trends and become interrelated and interconnected, as microtrends gives macrotrends, which in turn give megatrends, and at the end are gigatrends. For example, the totality of World Wide Web (or www.) trend since 1989: B. EMERGENCE OF TREND PATTERNS Urgel (2017) defined pattern as a design, shape, form or configuration that emerges from repetitious appear- ance of lines, curves, or behavior. The capacity to recognize emerging trends is engrained in our capacity to distinguish patterns. This, of development, lies in the inside works of the human brain, which are established in our intellectual processes. Our encounter with patterns was helped by involvement and managed by the mind through concept and simplification. For Urgel, repetitive behavior in the study of trends gives rise to an emerging pattern that is the main interest. Four activities of trendspotter in detecting emerging trend patterns: 1\. Documentation -- Being able to record your observations which you considered related to any trend. 2\. Archive or memory -- Easily retrieve any documentation you have kept. 3\. Analysis -- Stage where examination and combination happen. Looking for patterns on prospective trends can be achieved through these methods: brainstorming, grouping, and crafting combinations. 4\. Presentation -- Representing the findings for easy understanding as a way of analysis. C. TYPES OF EMERGING PATTERN DATAS There are several patterns of emerging data trends that can be seen in different available presentations and journals. These varied types depend on the nature of the research and several inputs that comprises the data presented. The types and examples are presented below: C.1.1. Linear (Downward and Upward) - a continuous decrease or increase in numbers over time. If it is upward, then there is an increase in quantity or price over time. If it is downward, then there is a decrease in quantity or price over time. For example: Source: Linear Trends and Regression. Python Finance. Accessed URL: https://pyfi.com/blogs/articles/linear-trend- and-regression C.1.2. Exponential Trend - linear curved lines where the data rises or falls not at a steady rate, but at a higher rate. Thus, instead of a straight line pointing diagonally up, the graph will show a curved line where the last point in later time is higher than the first time, if the trend is up. Source: Young-Saver, D. (2021). C.1.3. Damped Trend - a curved line that shows data values rise or fall initially, and then suddenly stops rising or falling. For example: C.2. Seasonal - it is when fluctuations repeat over fixed periods of time and are hence predictable and do not extend beyond a year. Seasonality may be caused by various factors, such as weather, vacation, and holidays and usually consists of periodic, and repetitive patterns. C.3. Cyclical - when fluctuations do not repeat over fixed periods of time and are hence unpredictable and extend beyond a year. In a recession, for example, employment, production and many other business and economic series are below the long-term trend lines. Conversely, in periods of rise they are above their long-term trend lines. D. CAUSE AND EFFECT As for cause and effect, it seems that a lot of the things we have encountered in the world are defined by these concepts. This is essential for us to recognize patterns as well. Fascinatingly, patterns can be identified with the help of cause and effect. Commodity prices, for instance, may fluctuate in response to fluctuations in the price of oil. This leads us to conclude that the pattern or tendency is that low oil prices correspond to low commodity prices, while high oil prices correspond to high commodity prices. We have found this link between causes and effects as well as the appearance of trends and patterns to be quite helpful on numerous occasions. Apart from the seeming nature of the world to be organized in a particular pattern that enable us to see and analyzed to identify emerging trends, there are other external factors that influence such emergence. These factors also play a vital role in the promotion and endurance of trends. For example, these factors are technology, education, and social media. Discipline Causes Consequences A. Technology Able to talk to our friends and relatives who are living far from us Learn new things and online courses Children get addicted to online games Creating rivalry between best friends and couples B. Education (Mobile Learning) Demand for efficient and quality learning Integration and connectivity Modular hence it is flexible C. Social Media A place to connect with your friends Encourages freedom of self- expression. Cyber-bullying A. STRATEGIC ANALYSIS A system or approach that involves intentional, abstract, and laborious thought is referred to as strategic 3 Disclaimer: This module is adapted and modified from the source materials listed in the references list. This is an exclusive property of Philippine Christian University-Dasmariñas SHS and is provided only to enrolled students for their academic use. This module is provided for free by the school through softcopy and/or printed media. Reproduction of this module without official permission is prohibited. analysis that divides a complicated issue into smaller parts. Deliberate thought uses a thorough analysis of an issue to think of a solution. This requires examining the problem\'s context. The duration and the main components of strategic analysis are resources. The most widely utilized model for strategic analysis in the figure below shows the five steps involved in decision-making cited by Arzadon (2018). STEPS EXPLANATION 1\. Identify Involves outlining the issue and the contributing elements or circumstances surrounding the situation 2\. Analyze Analyzing the factors that will alter the state of affairs, encompassing the possible difficulties and their causes 3\. Generate Setting practical, reasonable, and creative criteria and strategies to solve the problem 4\. Implement Execution of the plan 5\. Assess and reflect on the outcome Draw lessons that will guide future decisions The process written above calls on the person to adhere to a pattern in order to creatively handle a circumstance. This calls for strategic thinking. Participating in decision-making exercises that enable you to use decision-making techniques is another goal of this module. When dealing with your individual problems as a student, strategic analysis is vital. It implies that you are also capable of analyzing your own advantages, disadvantages, opportunities, and threats in order to come up with innovative ways to deal with obstacles in life. In actuality, a personal SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and 2\. Analyze the Problem 3\. Generate a solution 4. Implement the solution 5\. Reflect on the Outcomes 1\. Identify the Problem B. INTUITIVE THINKING Intuitive thinking refers to \"quick and ready insight\" (Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary) and is another Method of making decisions. It involves the ability to grasp something instinctively, without needing deliberate reasoning. This is often described as a gut feeling, sixth sense, inner voice, or spiritual guide. Intuitive thinking is influenced by one\'s emotions and personal interpretations of events or things, as well as by the norms and value systems within a community. For instance, among some indigenous people, farmers avoid certain areas of the field, such as anthills, without being able to provide a logical explanation. They might claim that a mythical creature, like a dwarf or \"nuno sa punso,\" resides there. Interestingly, soil scientists support this practice, explaining that anthills are crucial for maintaining the physical, chemical, and biological health of the soil. Intuitive decision-making goes beyond just using common sense, as it involves additional sensory perceptions that help us become aware of external information. In everyday life, we often need to make quick decisions based on our \"gut\" feelings, along with our past knowledge and experiences. This type of decision-making is apparent in many scenarios, such as a doctor handling an emergency, a teacher figuring out why a child is inattentive, a shopper deciding which vegetable to buy, or a firefighter rescuing a person from a fire. In these situations, decisions must be made quickly without hesitation, as immediate action is required. THE CONCEPT OF GLOBALIZATION Since the concept of globalization was introduced, it has inspired a variety of definitions and has a history dating back to significant commercial and imperial movements across Asia and the Indian Ocean since the fifteenth century. Roland Robertson, a sociology professor at the University of Aberdeen, was the first to define globalization as \"the understanding of the world and the growing perception of the world as a whole.\" Sociologists Martin Albrow and Elizabeth King describe globalization as \"all processes by which people around the world are integrated into a single global society.\" This process can be connected to local, national, and regional contexts. On one hand, it links social and economic networks organized locally or nationally; on the other hand, it also connects broader, regional, and global interactions. Globalization is a process of interaction and integration among people, businesses, and governments of different nations, driven by international trade and investment, and supported by advancements in information technology. This process impacts the environment, culture, political systems, economic development and prosperity, and human well-being across societies. For many developing countries, globalization has led to improvements in living standards through better infrastructure, healthcare, and education, largely due to the global Globalization describes the formation of an international network that is a part of an economic and social system. In 1930, the term \"globalization\" was used for the first time in a paper called \"Towards New Education\" to provide a summary of the human experience in the classroom. Global- ization has been the subject of many definitions since its inception, and its roots may be traced back to the massive imperialist and commercial move- ments that swept over Asia and the Indian Ocean starting in the fourteenth century. expansion of corporations. However, globalization has had negative effects on individuals in developed countries. Key drivers of globalization include migration and labor. Migration refers to the movement of people, often in large groups, from one place to another. Labor is defined as work, particularly physically demanding tasks. Today, people are increasingly willing to move between countries in search of employment opportunities. Additionally, remittances have become a significant means of financial transfer, with funds flowing from developed countries to developing nations. B. TYPES OF GLOBALIZATION 1\. Economic Globalization - It is the growing economic integration and interdependence of national, regional, and local economies worldwide, driven by an intensified cross-border movement of goods, services, technologies, and capital. a\. Transnational companies are businesses that operate across the borders of multiple countries. b\. The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the sole global international organization that governs the rules of trade between nations. The WTO has 164 member countries and 24 observer governments. c\. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) refers to an investment where a business in one country acquires a controlling ownership stake in a company located in another country. 2\. Social Globalization - A social transformation or process aimed at achieving people-centered development, the concept of human-centered development is proposed as an alternative strategy to achieve more equitable development outcomes. Examples: a\. UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) b\. International Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) such as World Vision, Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch among others. c\. HIV/AIDS Awareness 3\. Political Globalization -- This refers to the growing trend toward multilateralism within an emerging transnational state apparatus, along with the rise of national and international non-governmental organizations that serve as watchdogs over governments. The government plays four distinct roles in addressing sustainability concerns, which are as follows: a\. Policy development c. Facilitation b\. Regulation d. Internal sustainability management 4\. Financial Globalization - A collective concept that refers to the growing global connections established through cross-border financial flows. It also pertains to an individual country\'s links to international capital markets. 5\. Technology Globalization - The spread of technology across borders has accelerated, largely due to advancements in technological transmission. While the Philippines is not the world\'s least technologically advanced country, it is still far from being a leader in this area. According to the Department of Science and Technology (DOST), the country ranks 83rd out of 138 nations in terms of technological readiness. 6\. Ecological Globalization - This occurs when ecosystems continuously exchange materials through the movement of air in the atmosphere, the flow of water in rivers, and the migration of animals across the landscape. Additionally, the world is becoming increasingly interconnected through the movement of people and the transportation of goods, both locally and globally. 7\. Geographical Globalization - described as the collection of institutional, cultural, technological, social, and economic factors that support the global interconnectivity of people and societies. It is a progressive process that intensifies flows and exchanges between various regions of the world. Positive and Negative Effects of Globalization Positive Negative It provides nations with chances to link to other nations for more extensive marketplaces. Income disparities between industrialized, emerging, and deprived countries have gotten worse as a result of increased international commerce. Increases access to technology, human resources, and capital flows, greater export markets and less expensive imports. International trade is becoming more and more dominant businesses that prioritize profitability over the demands of development in certain nations. It makes it possible for companies to join global supply chains and industrial networks across borders. Environmental standards are being severely lowered by competition between developing nations. C. INTERCONNECTEDNESS OF PEOPLE AND NATIONS Globalization fosters the interconnectedness of people and nations. People refer to groups with common traits, such as religion, culture, and language, living in a specific area, while a nation represents a larger group of people organized within a defined territory, governed independently and capable of making its own decisions. Imagine how we could stay connected to our loved ones, especially during the pandemic, without technology. Cell phones now link people around the globe like never before. There are numerous platforms for communication, such as Facebook Messenger, WhatsApp, Instagram, and Snapchat, which keep us connected across distances. Similarly, in the context of the \"new normal\" in education, how could we enroll in online educational programs and access virtual topics from anywhere in the Philippines without these platforms and technological access? These tools make it possible for us to continue our education and stay informed, regardless of location. Collaboration involves working together with others to achieve a shared goal. It means unconditionally sharing resources, helping one another, and working cohesively as a \"collective,\" where each person\'s talents are embraced to synergize or create something new. This process: a\. Benefits all groups involved, b\. Serves the collective goal of the team, and c\. Can lead to creative innovation. Cooperation is the process of working together toward a common goal. It involves active assistance from individuals, organizations, etc., such as the orderly sharing of space and resources. Cooperation means conditionally sharing information and resources while working together within an independent \"connective,\" where roles are typically defined and workloads may be uneven. This process: a\. Benefits some individuals within a group, b\. Meets their personal needs, and c\. May result in disrupted innovation PARTS OF A WHOLE The word \"part\" or \"parts\" is frequently used in a variety of senior high school subjects. Parts of a Sentence, Parts of Speech, and many other topics are covered in English classes, while fractions are covered in mathematics classes. In science classes, we also studied the various bodily components. In the simplest terms possible, parts are divisions into which anything is or is thought to be divided and which, taken as a whole, make up the whole. The totality of the pieces or components is the simplest definition of the word whole. Our society is the whole of the world in which we exist, and we are its pieces. How can we contribute to our society in a constructive way, is the question. The following are some crucial elements that the entire society must take into account: 1\. Primary Identity or Individuation: this term refers to the idea of individual identity. These are the standards that a person learns from the society. For instance: a\. Values: The phrase \"Honesty is the best policy\" is frequently used. Honesty is a principle we learnt from our families and is modeled in every classroom. b\. Attitudes: \"Takbo! May aso!" An example of attitude is what you do when you\'re afraid about something. Actions or behaviors can be either beneficial or negative. c\. Beliefs: \"Wow ang taba ng bata, napakalusog siguro nya\" is a true and authentic perspective. 2\. Secondary Identity: Another name for it is social identity. A young person contributes to the development of his secondary identity as he is socialized into society. This covers the positions and responsibilities that a person must fulfill in his community. Examples: a\. Income and education are frequently linked with occupation and achievement, which taken together establishes a person\'s social class. Nonetheless, a person\'s social class might rise in occupations with high occupational reputation without a matching rise in indicators like income. b\. Your educational history, which includes both high school and college. c\. Your occupation can be used to determine your economic standing, and revenue. d\. The socially constructed roles, actions, pursuits, and characteristics that a particular society deems suitable for men and women are referred to as gender. as opposed to sex, which describes a person\'s biological traits, such as whether they are male or female (World Health Organization, 2013). The term \"status\" describes a person\'s place in society, which comes with a number of clearly defined rights and responsibilities. According to Alejandria (2015), roles are the sets of expectations that come with a specific status. For instance, if you are a senior in high school, it is your responsibility to work hard in your studies in order to graduate. B. SIX PRINCIPLES OF GESTALT LAWS TO GLOBAL NETWORKS The Gestalt principles, sometimes referred to as the Gestalt laws of perceptual organization, were created by German psychologists and explain how humans make sense of the complicated environment we live in. For example, they explain why we can interpret this sentence: notli ket his ort hat, and why a sequence of flashing lights appears to be moving. In the 21st century, the complexity of the movement of peoples, ideas, and even relationship to other people, organizations, and even countries are simplified in explaining by following the gestalt laws. These are the six (6) gestalt law concepts that apply to global networks and that we as members of society must take into account: a\. Figure - is a country\'s population, which can differ in terms of size, color, and other characteristics. b\. Similarity - describes items that have traits in common, like size, form, color, texture, and well- balanced composition (geographical setting and national characteristics). c\. Proximity - states that "objects or shapes that are close to one another appear to form groups". Even if the shapes, sizes, and objects are radically different, they will appear as a group if they are close together. (Refers to close neighboring countries which possess same cultural background etc.) d\. Closure - entails adding missing information to a possible pattern or, after closure is reached, removing information that isn\'t needed to prove a pattern match. Laws and governance are a couple of examples. e\. Continuity - things have a tendency to remain in certain forms after they have ended (for example, globalization\'s cross-border links or generational progression). f\. Symmetry or Order - like sets of guidelines or references, implies stability, harmony, and order. Nothing about it conveys the sense that \"something is out of balance, missing, or wrong.\"